PostgreSQL的Command Prompt(命令提示符)的基本操作

1.创建用户

C:/Program Files/PostgreSQL/8.3/bin>createuser -P -U postgres

Enter name of role to add: newUser [Enter]

Enter password for new role:xxxx [Enter]

Enter it again:xxxx [Enter]

Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) y [Enter]

Password:yyyy(用户postgres的密码) [Enter]

(CREATE ROLE)

2.创建数据库

C:/Program Files/PostgreSQL/8.3/bin>createdb -U newUser newDatabase

Password:

3.连接数据库

C:/Program Files/PostgreSQL/8.3/bin>psql newDatabase newUser

Password for user newUser:

Welcome to psql 8.3.4,the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.

Type: /copyright for distribution terms

/h for help with SQL commands

/? for help with psql commands

/g or terminate with semicolon to execute query

/q to quit

4.创建表

newDatabase=# create table t_address ( id serial unique primary key not null,

newDatabase(# name text not null,

newDatabase(# pref integer not null,

newDatabase(# address text not null );

NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "t_address_id_seq" for seria

l column "t_address.id"

NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "t_address_pkey"

for table "t_address"

CREATE TABLE

newDatabase=# create table t_pref ( id serial unique primary key not null,

newDatabase(# pref text not null );

NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "t_pref_id_seq" for serial c

olumn "t_pref.id"

NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "t_pref_pkey" for

table "t_pref"

CREATE TABLE

5.插入数据

newDatabase=# insert into t_pref ( pref ) values ( 'Tokyo' );

INSERT 0 1

newDatabase=# insert into t_pref ( pref ) values ( 'Chiba' );

INSERT 0 1

newDatabase=# insert into t_address ( name,pref,address ) values ('Okada',1,'Ed

ogawaku 1-2-3' );

INSERT 0 1

newDatabase=# insert into t_address ( name,address ) values ('Takahashi',2,

'Ichikawa 4-5-6' );

INSERT 0 1

6.查询数据

newDatabase=# select * from t_pref;

id | pref

----+-------

1 | Tokyo

2 | Chiba

(2 rows)

newDatabase=# select * from t_address;

id | name | pref | address

----+-----------+------+-----------------

1 | Okada | 1 | Edogawaku 1-2-3

2 | Takahashi | 2 | Ichikawa 4-5-6

(2 rows)

7.制约测试

7.1创建表

newDatabase=# create table t_address2 ( id serial unique primary key not null,

newDatabase(# name text not null,

newDatabase(# pref_id_fk integer not null constraint pref

_id_constraint references t_pref(id),

newDatabase(# address text not null );

NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "t_address2_id_seq" for seri

al column "t_address2.id"

NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "t_address2_pkey"

for table "t_address2"

CREATE TABLE

7.2插入数据

newDatabase=# insert into t_address2 ( name,pref_id_fk,address ) values ( 'Okada

','Edogawaku 1-2-3' );

INSERT 0 1

newDatabase=# insert into t_address2 ( name,address ) values ( 'Suzuki

',200,'Sapporoshi 7-8-9' );

7.3发生错误

ERROR: insert or update on table "t_address2" violates foreign key constraint "

pref_id_constraint"

DETAIL: Key (pref_id_fk)=(200) is not present in table "t_pref".

newDatabase=# insert into t_address2 ( name,(select id from t_pref where pref like 'Tokyo'),'Edogawaku 1-2-3' );

INSERT 0 1

7.4查询数据

newDatabase=# select * from t_address2;

id | name | pref_id_fk | address

----+-------+------------+-----------------

1 | Okada | 1 | Edogawaku 1-2-3

3 | Okada | 1 | Edogawaku 1-2-3

(2 rows)

8.退出连接

newDatabase-# /q

C:/Program Files/PostgreSQL/8.3/bin>

（编辑：李大同）

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