几种调用webservice的方法

发布时间：2020-12-17 02:39:36 所属栏目：安全来源：网络整理

导读：? Truly 2005-08-17 ? 下载本文的源码(C#) - 25k 下载本文的源码(VB) - 25k ? 摘要很多时候大家需要使用xmlhttp来实现无刷新的从服务器获取数据，本文以实例代码来介绍本在客户端对WebService的调用主要分为3种类型通过SOAP对WebService进行调用通过HTTP

Truly
2005-08-17

下载本文的源码(C#) - 25k

下载本文的源码(VB) - 25k

摘要

很多时候大家需要使用xmlhttp来实现无刷新的从服务器获取数据，本文以实例代码来介绍本在客户端对WebService的调用

主要分为3种类型

通过SOAP对WebService进行调用

通过HTTP POST对WebService进行调用

借助MS的webservice.htc简化调用

注：本文代码均以C#代码作为基础，对于使用VB代码的需要注意WebService的命名空间，详细请看下载链接中源码

SOAP对WebService进行调用

<SCRIPT language="JavaScript">
                        // Client invoke WebService use SOAP request and response
                        function GetHelloWorld_SOAP(i)
                        {
                        var xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
                        var soapMessage,soapData,URL;
                        // Set the soap message
                        soapMessage = "<?xml version=/"1.0/" encoding=/"utf-8/"?>";
                        soapMessage += "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/""
                        + " xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:soap=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//">";
                        soapMessage += "<soap:Body>";
                        // Set the data for soap body ---- begin ------
                        soapData = "<HelloWorld xmlns=/"http://tempuri.org//">";
                        soapData += "    <i>" + i + "</i>";
                        soapData += "</HelloWorld>";
                        // Set the data for soap body ----  end  ------
                        soapMessage = soapMessage + soapData + "</soap:Body>";
                        soapMessage = soapMessage + "</soap:Envelope>";
                        URL = "Service1.asmx"; //可以使用相对地址或完整URL
                        xmlhttp.Open("POST",URL,false);
                        xmlhttp.SetRequestHeader ("Content-Type","text/xml; charset=utf-8");
                        xmlhttp.SetRequestHeader ("SOAPAction","http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld");
                        xmlhttp.send(soapMessage);
                        alert(soapMessage)
                        var x =   xmlhttp.responseXML;
                        alert(x.childNodes[1].text);
                        //那么如何知道是否调用成功呢，状态为200说明调用成功，500则说明出错
                        alert(xmlhttp.Status);
                        alert(xmlhttp.StatusText);
                        }
                        </SCRIPT>

<SCRIPT language="vbscript">
                        ' Client invoke WebService use SOAP request and response
                        Function vbGetHelloWorld_SOAP(i)
                        dim soapMessage,URL
                        ' Set the soap message
                        soapMessage = "<?XML version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>"
                        soapMessage = soapMessage & "<SOAP:ENVELOPE xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"""
                        +" xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" xmlns:soap=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"">"
                        soapMessage = soapMessage & "<SOAP:BODY>"
                        ' Set the data for soap body ---- begin ------
                        soapData = "<HELLOWORLD xmlns=""http://tempuri.org/"">"
                        soapData = soapData & "    <I>" & i & "</I>"
                        soapData = soapData & "</HELLOWORLD>"
                        ' Set the data for soap body ----  end  ------
                        soapMessage = soapMessage & soapData & "</SOAP:BODY>"
                        soapMessage = soapMessage & "</SOAP:ENVELOPE>"
                        URL = "Service1.asmx" '可以使用相对地址或完整URL
                        Set xmlhttp = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP")
                        xmlhttp.Open "POST",False
                        xmlhttp.SetRequestHeader "Content-Type","text/xml; charset=utf-8"
                        xmlhttp.SetRequestHeader "SOAPAction","http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld"
                        xmlhttp.send(soapMessage)
                        Set x2 =   xmlhttp.responseXML
                        alert(x2.childNodes(1).text)
                        '那么如何知道是否调用成功呢，状态为200说明调用成功，500则说明出错
                        alert(xmlhttp.Status)
                        alert(xmlhttp.StatusText)
                        End Function
                        </SCRIPT>

JavaScript

vbscript

通过HTTP POST对WebService进行调用

<SCRIPT language="JavaScript">
                        // Client invoke WebService use HTTP POST request and response
                        function GetHelloWorld_HTTPPOST(i)
                        {
                        var URL = "http://localhost/WSInvoke/Service1.asmx/HelloWorld";
                        var Params = "i=" + i;// Set postback parameters
                        var xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
                        xmlhttp.Open("POST","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                        xmlhttp.SetRequestHeader ("Content-Length",Params.length);
                        xmlhttp.send(Params);
                        var x =   xmlhttp.responseXML;
                        alert(x.childNodes[1].text);
                        //那么如何知道是否调用成功呢，状态为200说明调用成功，500则说明出错
                        alert(xmlhttp.Status);
                        alert(xmlhttp.StatusText);
                        }
                        </SCRIPT>

<SCRIPT language="vbscript">
                        ' Client invoke WebService use HTTP POST request and response
                        Function vbGetHelloWorld_HTTPPOST(i)
                        URL = "http://localhost/WSInvoke/Service1.asmx/HelloWorld"
                        Params = "i=" & i ' Set postback parameters
                        Set xmlhttp = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP")
                        xmlhttp.Open "POST",False
                        xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
                        xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Length",LEN(Params)
                        xmlhttp.Send(Params)
                        Set x =   xmlhttp.responseXML
                        alert(x.childNodes(1).text)
                        '那么如何知道是否调用成功呢，状态为200说明调用成功，500则说明出错
                        alert(xmlhttp.Status)
                        alert(xmlhttp.StatusText)
                        Set xmlhttp = Nothing
                        End Function
                        </SCRIPT>

JavaScript

vbscript

借助MS的webservice.htc简化调用

webservice.htc是MS提供的一个对webservie常用方法的封装，可以从ms官方网站下载，安装iewebcontrols时也会安装到你的网站根目录下，使用时需要注意路径。请注意代码中body的属性设置，更多对WebService.htc的介绍，点击这里。

<SCRIPT language="JavaScript">
                        function Init()
                        {
                        // establishes a friendly name for a Web service URL
                        wsCaller.useService("http://localhost/WSInvoke/Service1.asmx?WSDL","HW");
                        }
                        function callWS(i)
                        {
                        wsCaller.HW.callService(Handler_HW,"HelloWorld",i);
                        }
                        function Handler_HW(result)
                        {
                        // if there is an error,and the call came from the call() in init()
                        if(result.error)
                        {
                        // Pull the error information from the event.result.errorDetail properties
                        var xfaultcode   = result.errorDetail.code;
                        var xfaultstring = result.errorDetail.string;
                        var xfaultsoap   = result.errorDetail.raw;
                        // Add code to handle specific error codes here
                        }
                        // if there was no error
                        else
                        {
                        document.all.Text1.value = result.value;
                        }
                        }
                        </SCRIPT>
                        <BODY id="wsCaller" onload="Init()" style="BEHAVIOR:url(webservice.htc)">
                        <INPUT type="text" id="Text1" name="Text1">
                        <INPUT onclick="callWS(1)" type="button" value="Invoke" id="Button1" name="Button1">

Web Service 的完整代码(C#,Service1.asmx.cs)

using System;
                        using System.Collections;
                        using System.ComponentModel;
                        using System.Data;
                        using System.Diagnostics;
                        using System.Web;
                        using System.Web.Services;
                        namespace WSInvoke
                        {
                        /// <SUMMARY>
                        /// Summary description for Service1.
                        /// </SUMMARY>
                        public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
                        {
                        public Service1()
                        {
                        //CODEGEN: This call is required by the ASP.NET Web Services Designer
                        InitializeComponent();
                        }
                        #region Component Designer generated code
                        //Required by the Web Services Designer
                        private IContainer components = null;
                        /// <SUMMARY>
                        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
                        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
                        /// </SUMMARY>
                        private void InitializeComponent()
                        {
                        }
                        /// <SUMMARY>
                        /// Clean up any resources being used.
                        /// </SUMMARY>
                        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
                        {
                        if(disposing && components != null)
                        {
                        components.Dispose();
                        }
                        base.Dispose(disposing);
                        }
                        #endregion
                        // WEB SERVICE EXAMPLE
                        // The HelloWorld() example service returns the string Hello World
                        // To build,uncomment the following lines then save and build the project
                        // To test this web service,press F5
                        [WebMethod]
                        public string HelloWorld(int i)
                        {
                        return "Hello World" + i;
                        }
                        }
                        }

测试所用的html页面(Invoke.html)

<HTML>
                        <BODY>
                        <INPUT type="button" value="SOAP" onclick="GetHelloWorld_SOAP('1')" id="Button1" name="Button1">
                        <INPUT type="button" value="HTTPPOST" onclick="GetHelloWorld_HTTPPOST('2')" id="Button2" name="Button2">
                        <INPUT type="button" value="异常测试" onclick="GetHelloWorld_SOAP('')" id="Button3" name="Button3"><BR><BR>
                        <INPUT type="button" value="vbSOAP" onclick="vbGetHelloWorld_SOAP('3')" id="Button4" name="Button4">
                        <INPUT type="button" value="vbHTTPPOST" onclick="vbGetHelloWorld_HTTPPOST('4')" id="Button5" name="Button5">
                        </BODY>
                        </HTML>

很晚了，先把代码贴上。有空的时候把异步操作再仔细分析一下 :B

补充几条:)

在Asp中调用WebService

<％@LANGUAGE="VBSCRIPT" CODEPAGE="936"％>

<％
Dim strxml
Dim str

'定义soap消息
strxml = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='tf-8'?>"
strxml = strxml & "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'>"
strxml = strxml & "<soap:Body> "
strxml = strxml & "<isNumner xmlns='http://tempuri.org/myService/test'>"
strxml = strxml & "<str>4</str>"
strxml = strxml & "</isNumner>"
strxml = strxml & "</soap:Body>"
strxml = strxml & "</soap:Envelope>"

'定义一个XML的文档对象，将手写的或者接受的XML内容转换成XML对象
set x = createobject("Microsoft.DOMDocument")
'初始化XML对象
'将手写的SOAP字符串转换为XML对象
x.loadXML strxml

'初始化http对象
Set h = createobject( "Microsoft.XMLHTTP")
'向指定的URL发送Post消息
h.open "POST","http://localhost/myService/test.asmx",False
h.setRequestHeader "Content-Type","text/xml"
h.setRequestHeader "SOAPAction","http://tempuri.org/myService/test/isNumner"
h.send (strxml)

While h.readyState <> 4
Wend

'显示返回的XML信息
str = h.responseText

'将返回的XML信息解析并且显示返回值
Set x = createobject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")
x.loadXML str

str = x.childNodes(1).Text
response.write(str)

％>

在.net中调用WebService
　　在.net中调用WebService就方便多了，没有必要自己写soap消息了，以上都是用XMLHTTP来发送WebService请求的，在.net只要添加了web引用，会自动为你创建一个代理类。然后使用代理类就像用自己定义的类一样方便。

如何在ASP中调用由Delphi编写的WebService
Q：那么又如何在ASP中调用由Delphi编写的WebService呢？
A：上微软网站下个Microsoft SOAP Toolkit 3.0安装，就可以在asp里调用webservice了，调用方法如下：
Microsoft SOAP Toolkit（MSST）可以到微软网站免费下载：http://download.microsoft.com/download/xml/Install/3.0/W982KMeXP/EN-US/SoapToolkit30.EXE
??<%??
??'Calling?? a?? Web?? service?? using?? Microsoft?? SOAP?? Toolkit?? 3.0??
??
??OPTION?? EXPLICIT??
??
??Dim?? strWebSvcWSDLURL??
??Dim?? objSOAPClient??
??
??strWebSvcWSDLURL?? ="http://localhost/jfgl/jfglWebSrv.dll/wsdl/IjfglWebSrv"
??
??Set?? objSOAPClient?? =?? Server.CreateObject("MSSOAP.SoapClient30")??
??objSOAPClient.ClientProperty("ServerHTTPRequest")?? =?? True??
??
??objSOAPClient.MSSoapInit?? strWebSvcWSDLURL,?? "",?? ""??
??
??dim?? s??
??s?? =?? objSOAPClient.Get_Sql_Time?? //调用soap里的方法??
??response.write?? s??
??%>

附表1（IXMLHTTPRequest - 属性）

Name	Type	Description
onreadystatechange	N/A	指定当就绪状态发生改变时调用的事件处理函数，仅用于异步操作
readyState	Long	异步操作的状态：未初始化(0)，正在加载(1)，已加载(2)，交互(3)，已完成(4)
responseBody	Variant	将响应信息正文作为unsigned byte数组返回
responseStream	Variant	将响应信息正文作为一个ADO Stream对象返回
responseText	String	将响应信息正文作为一个文本字符串返回
responseXML	Object	通过XMLDom将响应信息正文解析为XMLDocument对象
status	Long	服务器返回的HTTP状态码
statusText	String	服务器HTTP响应行状态

附表2（IXMLHTTPRequest - 方法）

Name	Desciption
abort	取消当前 HTTP 请求
getAllResponseHeaders	从响应信息中检索所有的标头字段
getResponseHeader	从响应信息正文中获得一个 HTTP 标头值
open(method,url,boolAsync,bstrUser,bstrPassword)	打开一个与 HTTP 服务器的连接
send(varBody)	设定一个请求的标头字段
setRequestHeader(bstrHeader,bstrValue)	向 HTTP 服务器发送请求。可包含正文。

?来自： http://truly.cnblogs.com/archive/2005/08/18/218102.html

（编辑：李大同）

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