linux常见故障处理
发布时间：2020-12-14 01:31:29 所属栏目：Linux 来源：网络整理
导读：目录 一. 文件和目录类 1.1 File exist 文件已经存在 1.2 No such file or directory 没有这个文件或目录（这个东西不存在） 1.3 command not found 命令找不到（没有这个命令） 1.4 invalid option 无效的参数（不可用的参数） 1.5 overwrite 覆盖 1.6 remo
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目录
一. 文件和目录类1.1 File exist 文件已经存在[[email?protected] ~]# mkdir /data /lidao [[email?protected] ~]# mkdir /data /lidao mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/data’: File exists mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/lidao’: File exists
1.2 No such file or directory 没有这个文件或目录（这个东西不存在）
[[email?protected] ~]# mkdir /oldboy [[email?protected] ~]# cd oldboy -bash: cd: oldboy: No such file or directory
[[email?protected] ~]# mkdir /data/oldboy/lidao/ mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/data/oldboy/lidao/’: No such file or directory
[[email?protected] ~]# ls /oldboy/ oldboy.txt [[email?protected] ~]# touch /oldboy/lidao/alex/oldboy.txt touch: cannot touch ‘/oldboy/lidao/alex/oldboy.txt’: No such file or directory 排错思路： 1、ls命令检查对应的目录是否存在? 2、目录不存在 先创建目录在创建文件/ 1.3 command not found 命令找不到（没有这个命令）[[email?protected] ~]# mkdiy -bash: mkdiy: command not found
1.4 invalid option 无效的参数（不可用的参数）[[email?protected] ~]# touch -p /oldboy/oldboy.txt touch: invalid option -- 'p' Try 'touch --help' for more information. 1.5 overwrite 覆盖
[[email?protected] ~]# cp /oldboy/oldboy.txt /tmp/ cp: overwrite ‘/tmp/oldboy.txt’? 1.6 remove regular empty file 是否删除普通文件（空的）[[email?protected] ~]# rm /oldboy/oldboy.txt rm: remove regular empty file ‘/oldboy/oldboy.txt’? 1.7 is a directory xxx是一个目录
[[email?protected] ~]# rm /data/ rm: cannot remove ‘/data/’: Is a directory
"/oldboy" E502: "/oldboy" is a directory Press ENTER or type command to continue 1.8 descend into directory 是否进入目录[[email?protected] ~]# rm -r /data/ rm: descend into directory ‘/data/’? y rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy01.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy02.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy03.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy04.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy05.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy06.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy07.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy08.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy09.txt’? n rm: remove regular empty file ‘/data/oldboy10.txt’? n rm: remove directory ‘/data/’? n 1.9 Invalid level 无效的层数,层数必须大于0
[[email?protected] ~]# tree -L -F 2 / tree: Invalid level,must be greater than 0. 1.10 Can‘t open file for writing 无法打开这个文件
"/oldbyo/oldboy.txt" "/oldbyo/oldboy.txt" E212: Can't open file for writing Press ENTER or type command to continue 1.11 No write since last changeE37: No write since last change (add ! to override)
粘包赖(你修改了内容就无法使用:q退出 需要使用:q!
1.12 xx column window is too narrow 窗口只有xx列太窄了 无法完全显示
[[email?protected] ~]# w w: 39 column window is too narrow 二. 网络连接类2.1 远程连接错误 Connection Failed 连接失败
[c:~]$ Connecting to 10.0.0.200:233... Could not connect to '10.0.0.200' (port 233): Connection failed. Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:~]$ telnet 10.0.0.200 233 Connecting to 10.0.0.200:233... Could not connect to '10.0.0.200' (port 233): Connection failed. #233端口没有开启 Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:~]$ telnet 10.0.0.200 22 Connecting to 10.0.0.200:22... Connection established. #端口开启 To escape to local shell,press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'. SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.4 Protocol mismatch. Connection closed by foreign host. Disconnected from remote host(10.0.0.200:22) at 12:22:54. Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt. [c:~]$ 2.2 yum安装软件故障提示 Could not resolve host无法解析主机
http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn; Unknown error" Trying other mirror. 2.3 yum安装软件提示:Nothing to do (没事做)
Package tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version tree软件包已经安装并且是最新版本 Package 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-5.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 1:bash-completion-2.1-6.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Nothing to do
[[email?protected] ~]# yum install treea -y Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.nwsuaf.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.nwsuaf.edu.cn base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 No package treea available. #没有找到叫treea的软件包 Error: Nothing to do 2.4 Name or service not known 域名无法识别（无法上网）原因： 1：DNS配置错误原因 2：Linux无法上网原因 [[email?protected] ~]# ping baidu.com ping: baidu.com: Name or service not known 域名无法识别（无法将域名---->ip地址) 三. 修改系统基础配置类3.1 重启网卡报错 device not present[[email?protected] ~]# systemctl restart network Job for network.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status network.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
Apr 01 15:31:05 oldboyusd.1 network[7816]: Bringing up interface etho: ERROR : [/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth] Device does not seem to be present,delaying initialization. Apr 01 15:31:05 oldboyusd.1 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth[8019]: Device does not seem to be present,delaying initializatio 3.2 修改主机名过程中,命令行中主机名没有变化1 hostname命令修改主机名（临时 重启服务器之后失效）[[email?protected] ~]# hostname oldboyedu59 [[email?protected] ~]# hostname oldboyedu59-lnb 2 修改文件内容（写合同 永久 重启服务器之后生效）vim /etc/hostname oldboyedu59-lnb 3 检查[[email?protected] ~]# hostname oldboyedu59-lnb [[email?protected] ~]# cat /etc/hostname oldboyedu59-lnb 命令行中的主机名部分没有改变？
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