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《LINUX教学:CentOS7下LVM的简单创建》要点：
本文介绍了LINUX教学:CentOS7下LVM的简单创建，希望对您有用。如果有疑问，可以联系我们。
一、情况：CentOS7虚拟机,挂载了一块2G硬盘
二、配置进程：
1、给硬盘分区：
创建三个分区,前两个512M,最后一个默认大小,1G多一些,最后一个默认指定大小,具体操作根据本身环境而定.把分区都改成Linux LVM格式就好了.
Command (m for help): p? ? //查看分区表
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB,2147483648 bytes,4194304 sectors
?Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
?Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
?I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
?Disk label type: dos
?Disk identifier: 0xbe89015f
? ? Device Boot? ? ? Start? ? ? ? End? ? ? Blocks? Id? System
?Command (m for help): n? ? //创立分区
Partition type:
? ? p? primary (0 primary,0 extended,4 free)
? ? e? extended
?Select (default p): p? ? //主分区
Partition number (1-4,default 1): 1
?First sector (2048-4194303,default 2048):
?Using default value 2048
?Last sector,+sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-4194303,default 4194303): +512M? ? //指定大小
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 512 MiB is set
?Command (m for help): n
?Partition type:
? ? p? primary (1 primary,3 free)
? ? e? extended
?Select (default p): p
?Partition number (2-4,default 2): 2
?First sector (1050624-4194303,default 1050624):
?Using default value 1050624
?Last sector,G} (1050624-4194303,default 4194303): +512M
?Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 512 MiB is set
?Command (m for help): n
?Partition type:
? ? p? primary (2 primary,2 free)
? ? e? extended
?Select (default p): p
?Partition number (3,4,default 3):
?First sector (2099200-4194303,default 2099200):
?Using default value 2099200
?Last sector,G} (2099200-4194303,default 4194303):? ? //默认剩下全部年夜小
Using default value 4194303
?Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 1023 MiB is set
?Command (m for help): w? ? //保留退出
The partition table has been altered!
?Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
?Syncing disks.
?[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
?Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
?Changes will remain in memory only,until you decide to write them.
?Be careful before using the write command.
?Command (m for help): p
?Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB,4194304 sectors
?Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
?Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
?I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
?Disk label type: dos
?Disk identifier: 0xbe89015f
? ? Device Boot? ? ? Start? ? ? ? End? ? ? Blocks? Id? System
?/dev/sdb1? ? ? ? ? ? 2048? ? 1050623? ? ? 524288? 83? Linux
?/dev/sdb2? ? ? ? 1050624? ? 2099199? ? ? 524288? 83? Linux
?/dev/sdb3? ? ? ? 2099200? ? 4194303? ? 1047552? 83? Linux
?Command (m for help): t? ? //改动分区类型
Partition number (1-3,default 3): 1? ? //选择分区
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e? ? //更变为Linux LVM类型分区,8e为分区代码,l可以查看
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
?Command (m for help): t
?Partition number (1-3,default 3): 2
?Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
?Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
?Command (m for help): t
?Partition number (1-3,default 3): 3
?Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
?Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
?Command (m for help): p
?Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB,4194304 sectors
?Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
?Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
?I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
?Disk label type: dos
?Disk identifier: 0xbe89015f
? ? Device Boot? ? ? Start? ? ? ? End? ? ? Blocks? Id? System
?/dev/sdb1? ? ? ? ? ? 2048? ? 1050623? ? ? 524288? 8e? Linux LVM
?/dev/sdb2? ? ? ? 1050624? ? 2099199? ? ? 524288? 8e? Linux LVM
?/dev/sdb3? ? ? ? 2099200? ? 4194303? ? 1047552? 8e? Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
?The partition table has been altered!
?Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
?Syncing disks.
2、创立物理卷：
?敕令：pv系列敕令
?root@localhost ~]# pv
? pvchange? pvcreate? pvmove? ? pvresize? pvscan? ?
? pvck? ? ? pvdisplay? pvremove? pvs
创建物理卷：选择本身要创建的分区
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3}? ? //用sdb1,sdb2,sdb3三个分区来创立物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
?Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
?Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.
简单查看物理卷：
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
?PV? ? ? ? VG Fmt? Attr PSize? ? PFree?
?/dev/sdb1? ? lvm2 ---? 512.00m? 512.00m
?/dev/sdb2? ? lvm2 ---? 512.00m? 512.00m
?/dev/sdb3? ? lvm2 ---? 1023.00m 1023.00m
具体查看：
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
? "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "512.00 MiB"
? --- NEW Physical volume ---
? PV Name? ? ? ? ? ? ? /dev/sdb1
? VG Name? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? PV Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 512.00 MiB
? Allocatable? ? ? ? ? NO
? PE Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0?
? Total PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Free PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Allocated PE? ? ? ? ? 0
? PV UUID? ? ? ? ? ? ? 413TpT-NC3F-ch3r-3xsy-TW10-P3Rr-qT6dm5
? ?
? "/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "1023.00 MiB"
? --- NEW Physical volume ---
? PV Name? ? ? ? ? ? ? /dev/sdb3
? VG Name? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? PV Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1023.00 MiB
? Allocatable? ? ? ? ? NO
? PE Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0?
? Total PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Free PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Allocated PE? ? ? ? ? 0
? PV UUID? ? ? ? ? ? ? DDu25l-PBlg-sRJY-qgl1-Io3s-ezmj-KVuZCT
? ?
? "/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "512.00 MiB"
? --- NEW Physical volume ---
? PV Name? ? ? ? ? ? ? /dev/sdb2
? VG Name? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? PV Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 512.00 MiB
? Allocatable? ? ? ? ? NO
? PE Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0?
? Total PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Free PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Allocated PE? ? ? ? ? 0
? PV UUID? ? ? ? ? ? ? Z5QKKi-RoKG-MZ1b-ed3s-Ibgg-eyAr-PDK0kV
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PE(physical extent)：物理区域是物理卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元,物理区域大小在建立卷组时指定,一旦确定不能变动,同一卷组所有物理卷的物理区域大小需一致,新的pv加入到vg后,pe的大小自动变动为vg中定义的pe大小.
LE(logical extent)：逻辑区域是逻辑卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元,逻辑区域的大小取决于逻辑卷所在卷组中的物理区域的大小.
?卷组描述区域：卷组描述区域存在于每个物理卷中,用于描述物理卷自己、物理卷所属卷组、卷组中逻辑卷、逻辑卷中物理区域的分配等所有信息,它是在使用pvcreate建立物理卷时建立的.
3、创立卷组：vg系列命令
[root@localhost ~]# vg
?vgcfgbackup? ? vgconvert? ? ? vgextend? ? ? vgmknodes? ? ? vgs? ? ? ? ? ?
?vgcfgrestore? vgcreate? ? ? vgimport? ? ? vgreduce? ? ? vgscan? ? ? ?
?vgchange? ? ? vgdisplay? ? ? vgimportclone? vgremove? ? ? vgsplit? ? ? ?
?vgck? ? ? ? ? vgexport? ? ? vgmerge? ? ? ? vgrename
创立卷组,名字可以随意起
[root@localhost ~]# vgremove myvg
? Volume group "myvg" successfully removed
?[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 16M myvg /dev/sdb{1,3}
? Volume group "myvg" successfully created
?[root@localhost ~]# vgs
? VG? #PV #LV #SN Attr? VSize VFree
? myvg? 3? 0? 0 wz--n- 1.95g 1.95g
?[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
? --- Volume group ---
? VG Name? ? ? ? ? ? ? myvg
? System ID? ? ? ? ? ?
? Format? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? lvm2
? Metadata Areas? ? ? ? 3
? Metadata Sequence No? 1
? VG Access? ? ? ? ? ? read/write
? VG Status? ? ? ? ? ? resizable
? MAX LV? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Cur LV? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Open LV? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Max PV? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? Cur PV? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3
? Act PV? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3
? VG Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1.95 GiB
? PE Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? 16.00 MiB
? Total PE? ? ? ? ? ? ? 125
? Alloc PE / Size? ? ? 0 / 0?
? Free? PE / Size? ? ? 125 / 1.95 GiB
? VG UUID? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3Eu9GX-U4ip-mxSF-zibe-7802-8Suh-38b4dG
创立逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 1.4G -n mylv myvg /dev/sdb{1,3}? ? //-L 指定年夜小,-n指定名称
? Rounding up size to full physical extent 1.41 GiB
? Logical volume "mylv" created.
?[root@localhost ~]# lvs? ? //简单查看信息
? LV? VG? Attr? ? ? LSize Pool Origin Data%? Meta%? Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
? mylv myvg -wi-a----- 1.41g? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay? ? //详细查看信息
? --- Logical volume ---
? LV Path? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /dev/myvg/mylv
? LV Name? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? mylv
? VG Name? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? myvg
? LV UUID? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? coMhuV-ywOe-FEbm-SkQd-upfQ-0era-cCfqHy
? LV Write Access? ? ? ? read/write
? LV Creation host,time localhost.localdomain,2017-05-17 16:30:37 +0800
? LV Status? ? ? ? ? ? ? available
? # open? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0
? LV Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1.41 GiB
? Current LE? ? ? ? ? ? 90
? Segments? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2
? Allocation? ? ? ? ? ? inherit
? Read ahead sectors? ? auto
? - currently set to? ? 8192
? Block device? ? ? ? ? 253:0
格局化：
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
?mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
?Filesystem label=
?OS type: Linux
?Block size=4096 (log=2)
?Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
?Stride=0 blocks,Stripe width=0 blocks
?92160 inodes,368640 blocks
?18432 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
?First data block=0
?Maximum filesystem blocks=377487360
?12 block groups
?32768 blocks per group,32768 fragments per group
?7680 inodes per group
?Superblock backups stored on blocks:
? ? 32768,98304,163840,229376,294912
?Allocating group tables: done? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?Writing inode tables: done? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
?Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
3、挂载使用
查看物理地位：
[root@localhost ~]# ll /dev/myvg/mylv
?lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 May 17 16:30 /dev/myvg/mylv -> ../dm-0
挂载到目次并进行读写操作：
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv? /mnt
?[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/test
?[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/ > /mnt/test/test.txt
?[root@localhost ~]# cat /mnt/test/test.txt
?lost+found
?test
如果有问题迎接留言.
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