第一部分day03-元组、字典、字符串

1 a = (1,2,3,4)
2 print(a[1:2]) #(2,)

 1 a=list()  #列表创建
 2 print(a) #[]
 3 
 4 dic={‘name‘:‘dream‘}
 5 print(dic) #{‘name‘: ‘dream‘}
 6 
 7 dic1={}
 8 print(dic1) #{}
 9 
10 dic2=dict(((‘name‘,‘dream‘),))
11 print(dic2) #{‘name‘: ‘dream‘}
12 
13 dic3=dict([[‘name‘,‘dream‘],])
14 print(dic3) #{‘name‘: ‘dream‘}

1 a = 100
2 print(id(a)) #94845938306592
3 b = a
4 print(id(b)) #94845938306592
5 b = 20
6 print(id(b)) #94457323938848

1 dic1 = {‘name‘:‘dream‘}
2 print(dic1) #{‘name‘: ‘dream‘}
3 #setdefault，键存在，返回想用的键相应的值；,键不存在，在字典中添加新的键值对
4 ret = dic1.setdefault(‘age‘,20)
5 print(dic1)  #{‘name‘: ‘dream‘,‘age‘: 20}
6 print(ret) #20

1 dic2 = {‘age‘: 20,‘name‘: ‘dream‘}
2 print(dic2[‘name‘]) #dream

1 print(dic2.keys()) #dict_keys([‘age‘,‘name‘])
2 print(list(dic2.keys())) #[‘name‘,‘age‘]
3 #显示列表中说有的值
4 print(list(dic2.values())) #[20,‘dream‘]
5 #显示列表中说有的键、值
6 print(list(dic2.items())) #[(‘name‘,‘dream‘),(‘age‘,20)]

1 dic3 = {‘age‘: 20,‘name‘: ‘dream‘}
2 dic3[‘name‘] = ‘rise‘
3 print(dic3) #{‘name‘: ‘rise‘,‘age‘: 20}
4 #update
5 dic4 = {‘age‘:18,‘sex‘:‘man‘}
6 dic3.update(dic4)
7 print(dic3) #{‘age‘: 18,‘sex‘: ‘man‘,‘name‘: ‘rise‘}

 1 dic5 = {‘age‘: 18,‘sex‘: ‘man‘,‘name‘: ‘rise‘}
 2 
 3 #del 删除键值对
 4 del dic5[‘age‘]
 5 print(dic5) #{‘sex‘: ‘man‘,‘name‘: ‘rise‘}
 6 #clear 清空字典
 7 dic5.clear()
 8 print(dic5) #{}
 9 
10 #pop 删除字典中指定键值对，并返回该键值对的值
11 ret = dic5.pop(‘name‘)
12 print(ret) #rise
13 print(dic5) #{‘sex‘: ‘man‘,‘age‘: 18}
14 #popitem 随机删除某组键值对，病以元祖方式返回值
15 ret = dic5.popitem()
16 print(ret) #(‘sex‘,‘man‘)
17 print(dic5) #{‘name‘: ‘rise‘,‘age‘: 18}
18 #删除整个字典
19 del dic5
20 print(dic5)

1 dic6 = dict.fromkeys([‘age‘,‘sex‘,‘name‘,‘rise‘],‘test‘)
2 print(dic6) #{‘rise‘: ‘test‘,‘sex‘: ‘test‘,‘age‘: ‘test‘,‘name‘: ‘test‘}

1 school = {
2     "teachers":{
3         ‘xiaowang‘:["高个子","长的帅"],4         ‘xiaohu‘:["技术好","玩的好"]
5     },6     "students":{
7         "zhangsan":["成绩好","爱讲笑话"]
8     }
9 }

1 print(school[‘teachers‘][‘xiaohu‘][0]) #技术好
2 print(school["students"]["zhangsan"][1]) #爱讲笑话

1 school["students"]["zhangsan"][0] = "眼睛很好看"
2 print(school["students"]["zhangsan"][0]) #眼睛很好看

1 dic = {6:‘666‘,2:‘222‘,5:‘555‘}
2 print(sorted(dic)) #[2,5,6]
3 print(sorted(dic.values())) #[‘222‘,‘555‘,‘666‘]
4 print(sorted(dic.items())) #[(2,‘222‘),(5,‘555‘),(6,‘666‘)]

1 dic7 = {‘name‘: ‘rise‘,‘age‘: 18}
2 for i in dic7:
3     print(("%s:%s") % (i,dic7[i])) #name:rise age:18

 1 a = "this is my progect"
 2 #重复输出字符串
 3 print(a*2) #重复2次输出 this is my progectthis is my progect
 4 #通过索引获取字符串
 5 print(a[3:]) #s is my progect
 6 #in 方法判度
 7 print(‘is‘ in a) #True
 8 #格式化输出字符串
 9 print(‘%s mode1‘ % a) #this is my progect mode1
10 
11 #字符串拼接
12 a = "this is my progect"
13 b = "test"
14 print("".join([a,b])) #this is my progecttest
15 
16 d = "this is my progect"
17 e = "test"
18 f = ""
19 print(f.join([d,e])) #this is my progecttest
20 
21 #字符串常用内置方法
22 a = "this is my progect"
23 #居中显示
24 print(a.center(50,‘*‘)) #****************this is my progect****************
25 #统计 元素在字符串中重复次数
26 print(a.count("is")) #2
27 #首字母大写
28 print(a.capitalize()) #This is my progect
29 #以某个内容结尾字
30 print(a.endswith("ct")) #True
31 #以某个内容开头字
32 print(a.startswith("th")) #True
33 #调整空格数
34 a = "thist is my progect"
35 print(a.expandtabs(tabsize=10)) #this       is my progect
36 #查找一个元素，返回元素索引值
37 a = "this is my progect"
38 print(a.find(‘is‘)) #2
39 a = "this is my progect{name},{age}"
40 print(a.format(name=‘dream‘,age=18)) #this is my progectdream,18
41 print(a.format_map({‘name‘:‘rise‘,‘age‘:20})) #this is my progectrise,20
42 print(a.index(‘s‘)) #3
43 #判度字符串时候包含数字
44 print("abc1234".isalnum()) #True
45 #检查是否数字
46 print(‘12345‘.isdigit())#True
47 #检查字符串是否合法
48 print(‘123abc‘.isidentifier()) #False
49 print(a.islower()) #True 判断是否全小写
50 print(a.isupper())
51 print(‘f    d‘.isspace()) #是否包含空格
52 print("My Project".istitle()) #首字母大写 True
53 print(‘my project‘.upper()) #MY PROJECT
54 print(‘my project‘.lower()) #my project
55 print(‘My project‘.swapcase()) #mY PROJECT
56 print(‘my project‘.ljust(50,"-")) #my project----------------------------------------
57 print(‘my project‘.rjust(50,‘-‘)) #----------------------------------------my project
58 #去掉字符串空格与换行符
59 print("     my projectn".strip()) #my project
60 print(‘test‘)
61 #替换
62 print("my project project".replace(‘pro‘,‘test‘,1)) #my testject project
63 #从右向左查找
64 print("my project project".rfind(‘t‘)) #17
65 #以右为准分开
66 print("my project project".rsplit(‘j‘,1)) #[‘my project pro‘,‘ect‘]
67 print("my project project".title()) #My Project Project