Python的hashlib提供了常见的摘要算法

import hashlib
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update('how to use md5 in python hashlib?'.encode("utf8"))  #需要指定转码 否则报错 update()必须指定要加密的字符串的字符编码
print( md5.hexdigest())返回十六进制
print( md5.digest()) 二进制


 如果数据量很大，可以分块多次调用update()，最后计算的结果是一样的：
md5 =how to use md5 in "))
md5.update(python hashlib?))
返回十六进制

d26a53750bc40b38b65a520292f69306
bxd2jSux0bxc4x0b8xb6ZRx02x92xf6x93x06'
d26a53750bc40b38b65a520292f69306

 hashlib
sha_1 = hashlib.sha1()
sha_1.update(how to use sha1 in "))    需要指定转码 否则报错 update()必须指定要加密的字符串的字符编码
sha_1.update(print (sha_1.hexdigest())

 如果数据量很大，可以分块多次调用update()，最后计算的结果是一样的：
sha2 = hashlib.sha1()
sha2.update(how to use sha1 in python hashlib?print (sha2.hexdigest())

2c76b57293ce30acef38d98f6046927161b46a44
2c76b57293ce30acef38d98f6046927161b46a44

 os
 hashlib
文件md5
def file_md5(pathandname):
    if os.path.isfile(pathandname):
        hashmd5 = hashlib.md5()
        file = open(pathandname,rb)
        while True:
            b = file.read(1024)
            if not b:
                break
            hashmd5.update(b)
        file.close()
        return hashmd5.hexdigest()
    else:
         None

print(file_md5(C:UsersAdministratorDesktopV2.6.1_B511hvr_dec"))     aef87d1d673ca52412b4a950a06b9557

 base64
 base64，参数为文件路径名
 file_base64(filepath):
     os.path.isfile(filepath):
        with open(filepath,) as file:
            file_base64_str = base64.b64encode(file.read())
         file_base64_str
    return None

 hmac
 hashlib


 get_hmacsha256(key,message):
    key_bytes = bytes(key,1)">utf-8)
    message_bytes = bytes(message,1)">)
    hmacsha256_str = hmac.new(key_bytes,message_bytes,digestmod=hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
    return hmacsha256_str