future versions of Elasticsearch will require Java 11; your Java version from [/usr/local/jdk9/jdk-9.0.4] does not meet this requirement
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.

解决方案：

由于Elasticsearch依赖于jdk，es和jdk有着对应的依赖关系。具体可见：
https://www.elastic.co/cn/support/matrix
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.2/setup.html

这里是说Elasticsearch该版本内置了JDK，而内置的JDK是当前推荐的JDK版本。当然如果你本地配置了JAVA_HOME那么ES就是优先使用配置的JDK启动ES。
ES推荐使用LTS版本的JDK（这里只是推荐，JDK8就不支持），如果你使用了一些不支持的JDK版本，ES会拒绝启动。

根据启动信息我们看到Elasticsearch7.2推荐使用JDK11

jdk下载链接：https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/java-se-support-roadmap.html

安装OpenJDK11

[[email?protected] tar.gz]# pwd
/usr/local/src/tar.gz<br><br>#下载
[[email?protected] tar.gz]# wget https://download.java.net/java/GA/jdk11/13/GPL/openjdk-11.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz<br><br>#加压到指定目录<br>[[email?protected] tar.gz]# tar -xzvf jdk-11.0.4_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz /opt/

修改配置文件

[[email?protected] bin]# vim /home/elk/elasticsearch/-7.2.1/bin/elasticsearch

#配置自己的jdk11
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk-11.0.1
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

#添加jdk判断
if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ]; then
JAVA="/opt/jdk-11.0.1/bin/java"
else
JAVA=which java
fi
　　

启动ES

[[email?protected] bin]$ ./elasticsearch
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
[2019-08-02T15:33:27,994][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-1] using [1] data paths,mounts [[/ (rootfs)]],net usable_space [32.6gb],net total_space [35.7gb],types [rootfs]
[2019-08-02T15:33:28,014][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-1] heap size [1015.6mb],compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2019-08-02T15:33:28,017][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] node name [node-1],node ID [8zGCWQhBS3OpVShqjSgU-w],cluster name [es-application]
[2019-08-02T15:33:28,017][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] version[7.2.0],pid[1545],build[default/tar/508c38a/2019-06-20T15:54:18.811730Z],OS[Linux/3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64/amd64],JVM[Oracle Corporation/OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM/11.0.1/11.0.1+13]
[2019-08-02T15:33:28,017][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] JVM home [/opt/jdk-11.0.1]
[2019-08-02T15:33:28,018][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] JVM arguments [-Xms1g,-Xmx1g,-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC,-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75,-XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly,-Des.networkaddress.cache.ttl=60,-Des.networkaddress.cache.negative.ttl=10,-XX:+AlwaysPreTouch,-Xss1m,-Djava.awt.headless=true,-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8,-Djna.nosys=true,-XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow,-Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true,-Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true,-Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0,-Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false,-Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true,-Djava.io.tmpdir=/tmp/elasticsearch-5247006010869253587,-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError,-XX:HeapDumpPath=data,-XX:ErrorFile=logs/hs_err_pid%p.log,-Xlog:gc*,gc+age=trace,safepoint:file=logs/gc.log:utctime,pid,tags:filecount=32,filesize=64m,-Djava.locale.providers=COMPAT,-Dio.netty.allocator.type=unpooled,-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=536870912,-Des.path.home=/usr/local/src/elasticsearch,-Des.path.conf=/usr/local/src/elasticsearch/config,-Des.distribution.flavor=default,-Des.distribution.type=tar,-Des.bundled_jdk=true]
　　

2.启动elasticsearch报错
报错如下：

ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed
[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low,increase to at least [65535]
[2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low,increase to at least [262144]
[2019-08-08T16:04:33,578][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [ELK1] stopping ...
[2019-08-08T16:04:33,591][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [ELK1] stopped
[2019-08-08T16:04:33,592][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [ELK1] closing ...
[2019-08-08T16:04:33,618][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [ELK1] closed
[2019-08-08T16:04:33,621][INFO ][o.e.x.m.p.NativeController] [ELK1] Native controller process has stopped - no new native processes can be started
　　

解决方法：

#1、max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low,increase to at least [65536]

每个进程最大同时打开文件数太小，可通过下面2个命令查看当前数量
ulimit -Hn
ulimit -Sn

修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件，增加配置，用户退出后重新登录生效

• soft nofile 65536
• hard nofile 65536
  #2、max number of threads [3818] for user [es] is too low,increase to at least [4096]

#问题同上，最大线程个数太低。修改配置文件/etc/security/limits.conf，增加配置

• soft nproc 4096
• hard nproc 4096

#可通过命令查看

ulimit -Hu
ulimit -Su
　　

3.在安装elasticsearch-head的过程中npm install报错
报错如下：

[[email?protected] elasticsearch-head]# npm install
npm: relocation error: npm: symbol SSL_set_cert_cb,version libssl.so.10 not defined in file libssl.so.10 with link time reference
　

解决方法：

升级openssl，执行：
yum update openssl -y

#升级之前版本信息：

[[email?protected] elasticsearch-head]# openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.1i 6 Aug 2014

#升级之后：

[[email?protected] elasticsearch-head]# openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017

此时再次执行，报错消除
　　

4.启动logstash报错
报错如下：

Thread.exclusive is deprecated,use Thread::Mutex
Sending Logstash logs to /data/logstash/logs which is now configured via log4j2.properties
[2019-08-08T17:23:59,508][WARN ][logstash.config.source.multilocal] Ignoring the ‘pipelines.yml‘ file because modules or command line options are specified
[2019-08-08T17:23:59,519][FATAL][logstash.runner ] Logstash could not be started because there is already another instance using the configured data directory. If you wish to run multiple instances,you must change the "path.data" setting.
[2019-08-08T17:23:59,527][ERROR][org.logstash.Logstash ] java.lang.IllegalStateException: Logstash stopped processing because of an error: (SystemExit) exit
　　

原因：之前运行的instance有缓冲，保存在path.data里面有.lock文件，删除掉就可以

解决方法：
在 logstash.yml 文件中找到 Data path 的路径(默认在安装目录的data目录下）

------------ Data path ------------------

#

Which directory should be used by logstash and its plugins

for any persistent needs. Defaults to LOGSTASH_HOME/data

#
path.data:
　　

查看是否存在 .lock 文件，如果存在把它删除

[[email?protected] data]# ls -alh
总用量 20K
drwxr-sr-x 4 tingshuo staff 4.0K 8月 19 11:42 .
drwxr-sr-x 14 tingshuo staff 4.0K 8月 19 11:42 ..
drwxr-sr-x 2 tingshuo staff 4.0K 8月 19 11:42 dead_letter_queue
-rw-r--r-- 1 tingshuo staff 0 8月 19 11:42 .lock
drwxr-sr-x 2 tingshuo staff 4.0K 8月 19 11:42 queue
-rw-r--r-- 1 tingshuo staff 36 8月 19 11:42 uuid
　　

删除

[[email?protected] data]# rm .lock
　　

5.Logstash 报错: A plugin had an unrecoverable error. Will restart this plugin
解决方法：

因为断开终端，进程还存在

[[email?protected] ~]# ps aux | grep logstash
root 12180 1.6 4.5 6912300 744896 ? Sl Oct18 69:39 /usr/bin/java -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xmx1g -Xss2048k -Djffi.boot.library.path=/opt/logstash/vendor/jruby/lib/jni -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=/opt/logstash/heapdump.hprof -Xbootclasspath/a:/opt/logstash/vendor/jruby/lib/jruby.jar -classpath : -Djruby.home=/opt/logstash/vendor/jruby -Djruby.lib=/opt/logstash/vendor/jruby/lib -Djruby.script=jruby -Djruby.shell=/bin/sh org.jruby.Main --1.9 /opt/logstash/lib/bootstrap/environment.rb logstash/runner.rb agent -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/filebeat.conf
root 16921 0.0 0.0 103244 864 pts/2 S+ 15:28 0:00 grep 12180
[[email?protected] ~]# kill 12180
　　

杀掉这个没有正常关闭的前台测试 Logstash 进程，重启logstash。