postfix邮件队列管理

发布时间：2020-12-16 00:20:25 所属栏目：大数据来源：网络整理

导读：? ? ? 最近管理邮件系统时发现几个问题，一个是有些用户设置了转发，但是转发地址有问题，经常因为退信而塞爆邮箱（有邮箱限额），之后的邮件都会被塞到等待队列里。还有就是有许多寄到本地虚拟域的信没有对应的用户，按说 Postfix 应该不会投递这类邮件，

? ? ?最近管理邮件系统时发现几个问题，一个是有些用户设置了转发，但是转发地址有问题，经常因为退信而塞爆邮箱（有邮箱限额），之后的邮件都会被塞到等待队列里。还有就是有许多寄到本地虚拟域的信没有对应的用户，按说 Postfix 应该不会投递这类邮件，但是实际情况是它交给 maildrop 投递，而 maildrop 发现没有该用户，报告指定用户非法，这时正确的动作应该是退信，不过可能是我用的版本太低，maildrop 没有退信，而是把它放到等待队列里等待下次再试。这样等待队列里经常会有大量的这种邮件。所以，要想办法把这些邮件都清除掉。

在《Postfix 权威指南》里有一个叫 pfdel 的 Perl 小程序，可以用它删除指定邮件地址的邮件（不管是发信人还是收信人的邮件地址），这个虽然方便，但是如果想要清除因为 maildir over quota 或者 Invalid user specified 错误而产生的邮件，还需要修改一下。下面是这四个程序：

pfdel.pl
luserdel.pl
moqdel.pl
jmoqdel.pl

其中，pfdel.pl 是用来删除队列中指定用户的邮件的，luserdel.pl 是用来删除队列中无效用户的邮件的，moqdel.pl 是用来删除队列中邮箱配额已满的用户的邮件的，jmoqdel.pl 是删除邮箱配额已满的用户的垃圾邮件箱的。

pfdel.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# pfdel - deletes message containing specified address from
# Postfix queue. Matches either sender or recipient address.
#
# Usage: pfdel <email_address>
#
?
use strict;
?
# Change these paths if necessary.
my $LISTQ = "/usr/sbin/postqueue -p";
my $POSTSUPER = "/usr/sbin/postsuper";
?
my $email_addr = "";
my $qid = "";
my $euid = $>;
?
if ( @ARGV !=? 1 ) {
??????? die "Usage: pfdel <email_address>n";
} else {
??????? $email_addr = $ARGV[0];
}
?
if ( $euid != 0 ) {
??????? die "You must be root to delete queue files.n";
}
?
?
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ |") ||
? die "Can't get pipe to $LISTQ: $!n";
?
my $entry = <QUEUE>;??? # skip single header line
$/ = "";??????????????? # Rest of queue entries print on
??????????????????????? # multiple lines.
while ( $entry = <QUEUE> ) {
??????? if ( $entry =~ / $email_addr$/m ) {
??????????????? ($qid) = split(/s+/,$entry,2);
??????????????? $qid =~ s/[*!]//;
??????????????? next unless ($qid);
?
??????????????? #
??????????????? # Execute postsuper -d with the queue id.
??????????????? # postsuper provides feedback when it deletes
??????????????? # messages. Let its output go through.
??????????????? #
??????????????? if ( system($POSTSUPER,"-d",$qid) != 0 ) {
??????????????????????? # If postsuper has a problem,bail.
??????????????????????? die "Error executing $POSTSUPER: error " .
?????????????????????????? "code " .? ($?/256) . "n";
??????????????? }
??????? }
}
close(QUEUE);
?
if (! $qid ) {
??????? die "No messages with the address <$email_addr> " .
????????? "found in queue.n";
}
?
?

luserdel.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# luserdel - deletes message containing invalid user from
# Postfix queue.
#
# Usage: luserdel
#
?
use strict;
?
# Change these paths if necessary.
my $LISTQ = "/usr/sbin/postqueue -p";
my $POSTSUPER = "/usr/sbin/postsuper";
?
my $qid = "";
my $euid = $>;
?
if ( $euid != 0 ) {
??????? die "You must be root to delete queue files.n";
}
?
?
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ |") ||
? die "Can't get pipe to $LISTQ: $!n";
?
my $entry = <QUEUE>;??? # skip single header line
$/ = "";??????????????? # Rest of queue entries print on
??????????????????????? # multiple lines.
while ( $entry = <QUEUE> ) {
??????? if ( $entry =~ /Invalid user specified/m ) {
??????????????? ($qid) = split(/s+/,2);
??????????????? $qid =~ s/[*!]//;
??????????????? next unless ($qid);
?
??????????????? #
??????????????? # Execute postsuper -d with the queue id.
??????????????? # postsuper provides feedback when it deletes
??????????????? # messages. Let its output go through.
??????????????? #
??????????????? if ( system($POSTSUPER,$qid) != 0 ) {
??????????????????????? # If postsuper has a problem,bail.
??????????????????????? die "Error executing $POSTSUPER: error " .
?????????????????????????? "code " .? ($?/256) . "n";
??????????????? }
??????? }
}
close(QUEUE);
?
if (! $qid ) {
??????? die "No invalid user messages found in queue.n";
}
?
exit 0;

moqdel.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# moqdel - deletes message containing maildir over quota from
# Postfix queue.
#
# Usage: moqdel
#
?
use strict;
?
# Change these paths if necessary.
my $LISTQ = "/usr/sbin/postqueue -p";
my $POSTSUPER = "/usr/sbin/postsuper";
?
my $qid = "";
my $euid = $>;
?
if ( $euid != 0 ) {
??????? die "You must be root to delete queue files.n";
}
?
?
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ |") ||
? die "Can't get pipe to $LISTQ: $!n";
?
my $entry = <QUEUE>;??? # skip single header line
$/ = "";??????????????? # Rest of queue entries print on
??????????????????????? # multiple lines.
while ( $entry = <QUEUE> ) {
??????? if ( $entry =~ /maildir over quota/m ) {
??????????????? ($qid) = split(/s+/,bail.
??????????????????????? die "Error executing $POSTSUPER: error " .
?????????????????????????? "code " .? ($?/256) . "n";
??????????????? }
??????? }
}
close(QUEUE);
?
if (! $qid ) {
??????? die "No maildir over quota messages found in queue.n";
}
?
exit 0;
?

jmoqdel.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w # # jmoqdel - deletes Junk directories whose maildir over quota from # Postfix queue. # # Usage: jmoqdel # ? use strict; ? my $HOME_BASE = "/home/vmail"; # Change these paths if necessary. my $LISTQ = "/usr/sbin/postqueue -p"; my $POSTSUPER = "/usr/sbin/postsuper"; ? my $user = ""; my $domain = ""; my $email = ""; my $euid = $>; ? if ( $euid != 0 ) { ??????? die "You must be root to delete queue files.n"; } ? ? open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ |") || ? die "Can't get pipe to $LISTQ: $!n"; ? my $entry = <QUEUE>;??? # skip single header line $/ = "";??????????????? # Rest of queue entries print on ??????????????????????? # multiple lines. while ( $entry = <QUEUE> ) { ??????? if ( $entry =~ /maildir over quota/m ) { ??????????????? ($user,$domain,$email) = split(/n/,3); ??????????????? ($user,$domain) = ($email =~ m!s*(.+)@(.+)s*!); ??????????????? `rm $HOME_BASE/$domain/$user/Maildir/.Junk -rf &> /dev/null`; ??????????????? next unless ($email); ??????? } } close(QUEUE); ? if (! $email ) { ??????? die "No maildir over quota messages found in queue.n"; }

（编辑：李大同）

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