Perl报表练习-例1

五一闲暇，看完了一本Perl实例精解（第4版）的电子书，这是第19章最后的一个例题。拿来练练手，以犒赏自己所学知识的过程。

下面的源文件是用来被格式化的文件：

$?cat?xxx?
Exotic?Liquids:Charlotte?Cooper:(171)?555-2222
New?Orleans?Cajun?Delights:Shelley?Burke:(100)?555-4822
Grandma?Kelly's?Homestead:Regina?Murphy:(313)?555-5735
Tokyo?Traders:Yoshi?Nagase:(03)?3555-5011
Cooperativa?de?Quesos?'Las?Cabras':Antonio?del?Valle?Saavedra:(98)?598?76?54
Mayumi's:Mayumi?Ohno:(06)?431-7877
Pavlova,?Ltd.:Ian?Devling:(03)?444-2343
Specialty?Biscuits,?Ltd.:Peter?Wilson:(161)?555-4448
PB?KnSckebrod?AB:Lars?Peterson:031-987?65?43
Refrescos?Americanas?LTDA:Carlos?Diaz:(11)?555?4640
Heli?Snwaren?GmbH?&?Co.?KG:Petra?Winkler:(010)?9984510
Plutzer?LebensmittelgromSrkte?AG:Martin?Bein:(069)?992755
Nord-Ost-Fisch?Handelsgesellschaft?mbH?:Sven?Petersen:(04721)?8713
Formaggi?Fortini?s.r.l.:Elio?Rossi:(0544)?60323
Norske?Meierier:Beate?Vileid:(0)2-953010
Bigfoot?Breweries:Cheryl?Saylor:(503)?555-9931
Svensk?Sjofoda?AB:Michael?Bjorn:08-123?45?67
Aux?joyeux?ecclTsiastiques:GuylFne?Nodier:(1)?03.83.00.68?
New?England?Seafood?Cannery:Robb?Merchant:(617)?555-3267
Leka?Trading:Chandra?Leka:555-8787
Lyngbysild:Niels?Petersen:43844108
Zaanse?Snoepfabriek:Dirk?Luchte:(12345)?1212
Karkki?Oy:Anne?Heikkonen:(953)?10956
G'day,?Mate:Wendy?Mackenzie:(02)?555-5914
Ma?Maison:Jean-Guy?Lauzon:(514)?555-9022
Pasta?Buttini?s.r.l.:Giovanni?Giudici:(089)?6547665
Escargots?Nouveaux:Marie?Delamare:85.57.00.07
Gai?pGturage:Eliane?Noz:38.76.98.06
ForOts?d'Trables:Chantal?Goulet:(514)?555-2955

这个文件是自己所写的代码文件：

$?cat?example19.pl?
open(FH,?"<xxx")?or?die?"Can't?open?xxx:?$!n";

$headline?=?"+"?.?"-"?x?12?.?"+"?.?"-"?x?40?.?"+".?"-"?x?28?.?"+"?.?"-"?x?17?.?"+";
$field1?=?">"?x?9;
$field2?=?"<"?x?37;
$field3?=?"<"?x?25;
$field4?=?"<"?x?14;

$format_top?=?qq(
format?STDOUT_TOP?=
$headline
|?supplierid?|?companyname????????????????????????????|?contactname????????????????|?phone???????????|
$headline
.
);

$format?=?qq(
format?STDOUT?=
|?@$field1?|?@$field2?|?@$field3?|?@$field4?|
?$.,??????$compayname,?$contactname,?$phone
.
);

eval?$format_top;
eval?$format;

while?(<FH>)?{
????($compayname,?$contactname,?$phone)?=?split(/:/);
????write;
}

close(FH);

print?$headline,?"n";

这是运行后的结果：

$?perl?example19.pl
+------------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------+
|?supplierid?|?companyname????????????????????????????|?contactname????????????????|?phone???????????|
+------------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------+
|??????????1?|?Exotic?Liquids?????????????????????????|?Charlotte?Cooper???????????|?(171)?555-2222??|
|??????????2?|?New?Orleans?Cajun?Delights?????????????|?Shelley?Burke??????????????|?(100)?555-4822??|
|??????????3?|?Grandma?Kelly's?Homestead??????????????|?Regina?Murphy??????????????|?(313)?555-5735??|
|??????????4?|?Tokyo?Traders??????????????????????????|?Yoshi?Nagase???????????????|?(03)?3555-5011??|
|??????????5?|?Cooperativa?de?Quesos?'Las?Cabras'?????|?Antonio?del?Valle?Saavedra?|?(98)?598?76?54??|
|??????????6?|?Mayumi's???????????????????????????????|?Mayumi?Ohno????????????????|?(06)?431-7877???|
|??????????7?|?Pavlova,?Ltd.??????????????????????????|?Ian?Devling????????????????|?(03)?444-2343???|
|??????????8?|?Specialty?Biscuits,?Ltd.???????????????|?Peter?Wilson???????????????|?(161)?555-4448??|
|??????????9?|?PB?KnSckebrod?AB???????????????????????|?Lars?Peterson??????????????|?031-987?65?43???|
|?????????10?|?Refrescos?Americanas?LTDA??????????????|?Carlos?Diaz????????????????|?(11)?555?4640???|
|?????????11?|?Heli?Snwaren?GmbH?&?Co.?KG?????????????|?Petra?Winkler??????????????|?(010)?9984510???|
|?????????12?|?Plutzer?LebensmittelgromSrkte?AG???????|?Martin?Bein????????????????|?(069)?992755????|
|?????????13?|?Nord-Ost-Fisch?Handelsgesellschaft?mbH?|?Sven?Petersen??????????????|?(04721)?8713????|
|?????????14?|?Formaggi?Fortini?s.r.l.????????????????|?Elio?Rossi?????????????????|?(0544)?60323????|
|?????????15?|?Norske?Meierier????????????????????????|?Beate?Vileid???????????????|?(0)2-953010?????|
|?????????16?|?Bigfoot?Breweries??????????????????????|?Cheryl?Saylor??????????????|?(503)?555-9931??|
|?????????17?|?Svensk?Sjofoda?AB??????????????????????|?Michael?Bjorn??????????????|?08-123?45?67????|
|?????????18?|?Aux?joyeux?ecclTsiastiques?????????????|?GuylFne?Nodier?????????????|?(1)?03.83.00.68?|
|?????????19?|?New?England?Seafood?Cannery????????????|?Robb?Merchant??????????????|?(617)?555-3267??|
|?????????20?|?Leka?Trading???????????????????????????|?Chandra?Leka???????????????|?555-8787????????|
|?????????21?|?Lyngbysild?????????????????????????????|?Niels?Petersen?????????????|?43844108????????|
|?????????22?|?Zaanse?Snoepfabriek????????????????????|?Dirk?Luchte????????????????|?(12345)?1212????|
|?????????23?|?Karkki?Oy??????????????????????????????|?Anne?Heikkonen?????????????|?(953)?10956?????|
|?????????24?|?G'day,?Mate????????????????????????????|?Wendy?Mackenzie????????????|?(02)?555-5914???|
|?????????25?|?Ma?Maison??????????????????????????????|?Jean-Guy?Lauzon????????????|?(514)?555-9022??|
|?????????26?|?Pasta?Buttini?s.r.l.???????????????????|?Giovanni?Giudici???????????|?(089)?6547665???|
|?????????27?|?Escargots?Nouveaux?????????????????????|?Marie?Delamare?????????????|?85.57.00.07?????|
|?????????28?|?Gai?pGturage???????????????????????????|?Eliane?Noz?????????????????|?38.76.98.06?????|
|?????????29?|?ForOts?d'Trables???????????????????????|?Chantal?Goulet?????????????|?(514)?555-2955??|
+------------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------+