1.创建一个web模块
(1).创建SpringBoot应用，选中我们需要的模块；
(2).SpringBoot已经默认将这些场景配置好了，只需要在配置文件中指定少量配置就可以运行起来
(3).自己编写业务代码；
自动配置原理
|
xxxxAutoConfiguration：帮我们给容器中自动配置组件；
xxxxProperties:配置类来封装配置文件的内容；
|
2.SpringBoott对静态资源的映射规则
|
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources",ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {
??//可以设置和静态资源有关的参数，缓存时间等
|
?
|
WebMvcAuotConfiguration：
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
return;
}
Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
.addResourceLocations(
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
?????????? //静态资源文件夹映射
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
.addResourceLocations(
this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
}
?
????????//配置index映射
@Bean
public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
}
?
???????//配置图标
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled",matchIfMissing = true)
public static class FaviconConfiguration {
?
private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
?
public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
}
?
@Bean
public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
?????????????? //所有 ?**/favicon.ico
mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
faviconRequestHandler()));
return mapping;
}
?
@Bean
public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
requestHandler
.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
return requestHandler;
}
?
}
|
(1). 所有/webjars/**,都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找资源；webjars：以jar包的方式引入静态资源
http://www.webjars.org/
?
|
<!--引入jquery-webjar 在访问的时候只需要写webjars下面资源的名称即可 -->
<dependency>
???<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
???<artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
???<version>3.3.1</version>
</dependency>
|
访问：localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js
(2)."/**" 访问当前项目的任何资源，到'静态资源文件夹'找映射
|
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
"classpath:/resources/",
"classpath:/static/",
"classpath:/public/"
"/"：当前项目的根路径
|
访问：http://localhost:8080/asserts/js/Chart.min.js
?
localhost:8080/abc ---> 去静态资源文件夹里面找abc
(3).index页； 静态资源文件夹下的所有index.html页面；被"/**"映射；
访问:localhost:8080/
?
(4). 图标**/favicon.ico都在静态资源文件下找
?
3.模板引擎
??JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
?
??SpringBoot推荐使用的Thymeleaf,语法更简单，功能更强大.
(1).引入thymeleaf
|
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
?????????? <!--2.1.6-->
</dependency>
切换thymeleaf版本
<properties>
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
<!-- 布局功能的支持程序 ?thymeleaf3主程序 ?layout2以上版本 -->
<!-- thymeleaf2 ??layout1-->
<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
??</properties>
|
?
(2).使用thymeleaf
|
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {
?
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
?
private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
?
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
?
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
?? //
|
??把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/，thymeleaf就能自动渲染;
开发文档
?
[1].添加名称空间
?
|
xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
|
[2].使用thymeleaf语法 ?
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
????<meta charset="UTF-8">
????<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
????<h1>成功！</h1>
????<!--th:text 将div里面的文本内容设置为 -->
????<div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息</div>
</body>
</html>
|
(3).thymeleaf语法
?
[1].th:text：改变当前元素里面的文本内容
th:任意html属性；来替换原生属性的值
?
[2].表达式
?
|
Simple expressions:（表达式语法）
????Variable Expressions: ${...}：获取变量值；OGNL；
???? 1）、获取对象的属性、调用方法
???? 2）、使用内置的基本对象：
???? #ctx : the context object.
???? #vars: the context variables.
????????????????#locale : the context locale.
????????????????#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
????????????????#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
????????????????#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
????????????????#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
????????????????
????????????????${session.foo}
????????????3）、内置的一些工具对象：
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions,in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting,component extraction,etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates,but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains,startsWith,prepending/appending,etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example,as a result of an iteration).
?
????Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}：选择表达式：和${}在功能上是一样；
???? 补充：配合 th:object="${session.user}：
???<div th:object="${session.user}">
????<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
????<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
????<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
????</div>
????
????Message Expressions: #{...}：获取国际化内容
????Link URL Expressions: @{...}：定义URL；
???? @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
????Fragment Expressions: ~{...}：片段引用表达式
???? <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
????
Literals（字面量）
??????Text literals: 'one text','Another one!',…
??????Number literals: 0,34,3.0,12.3,…
??????Boolean literals: true,false
??????Null literal: null
??????Literal tokens: one,sometext,main,…
Text operations:（文本操作）
????String concatenation: +
????Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:（数学运算）
????Binary operators: +,-,*,/,%
????Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:（布尔运算）
????Binary operators: and,or
????Boolean negation (unary operator): !,not
Comparisons and equality:（比较运算）
????Comparators: >,<,>=,<= ( gt,lt,ge,le )
????Equality operators: ==,!= ( eq,ne )
Conditional operators:条件运算（三元运算符）
????If-then: (if) ? (then)
????If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
????Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
????No-Operation: _
|
?
4.SpringMVC自动配置
官方文档
?
(1).Spring MVC auto-configuration
??Spring Boot 自动配置SpringMVC
??SpringBoot对SpringMVC的默认配置(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)
?Inclusion of?ContentNegotiatingViewResolver?and?BeanNameViewResolver?beans.
?自动配置了ViewResolver（视图解析器：根据方法的返回值得到视图对象（View），视图对象决定如何渲染（转发？重定向？））
?ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:组合所有的视图解析器的
?如何定制：我们可以自己给容器中添加一个视图解析器；自动的将其组合进来；
?Support for serving static resources,including support for WebJars (see below).
?静态资源文件夹路径,webjars
?Automatic registration of?Converter,?GenericConverter,?Formatter?beans.
?Converter：转换器； ?public String hello(User user)：类型转换使用Converter
?Formatter格式化器； ?2017.12.17===Date；
|
@Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc",name = "date-format")//在文件中配置日期格式化的规则
public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化组件
}
|
?自己添加的格式化器转换器，我们只需要放在容器中即可
?Support for?HttpMessageConverters?(see below).
?HttpMessageConverter：SpringMVC用来转换Http请求和响应的；User--->Json；
?`HttpMessageConverters` 是从容器中确定；获取所有的HttpMessageConverter；
?自己给容器中添加HttpMessageConverter，只需要将自己的组件注册容器中（@Bean,@Component）
?Automatic registration of?MessageCodesResolver?(see below).
?定义错误代码生成规则
?Static?index.html?support.
?静态首页访问
?Custom?Favicon?support (see below).
??自定义favicon.ico 图标
?Automatic use of a?ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer?bean (see below).
?我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer来替换默认的；（添加到容器）
|
初始化WebDataBinder；
请求数据=====JavaBean；
|
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web：web所有自动场景；
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features,and you just want to add additional?MVC configuration?(interceptors,formatters,view controllers etc.) you can add your own?@Configuration?class of type?WebMvcConfigurerAdapter,but?without?@EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of?RequestMappingHandlerMapping,?RequestMappingHandlerAdapter?or?ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver?you can declare a?WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter?instance providing such components.
(2).扩展SpringMVC
|
???<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
????<mvc:interceptors>
????????<mvc:interceptor>
????????????<mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
????????????<bean></bean>
????????</mvc:interceptor>
????</mvc:interceptors>
|
??编写配置类（@Configuration），是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型；不能标注@EnableWebMvc;
??在保留所有的自动配置情况下，也能用我们扩展的配置
|
//使用?WebMvcConfigurer可以来扩展SpringMVC功能
//因为WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已经过时，所以我们使用接口WebMvcConfigurer替代
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig ?implements WebMvcConfigurer {
????@Override
????public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
????????//super.addViewControllers(registry)
????????//浏览器发送/pluto请求来到success
????????registry.addViewController("/pluto").setViewName("success");
????}
}
|
原理解析：
[1].WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC自动配置类
[2].在做其他自动配置时会导入@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
??
|
???@Configuration
public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
??????private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
?
//从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
??????@Autowired(required = false)
??????public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
??????????if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
??????????????this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
???????????? //一个参考实现；将所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都来一起调用； ?
???????????? @Override
?????????????// public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
??????????????// ???for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
???????????????// ??????delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
???????????????// ??}
??????????????}
??????????}
}
|
[3].容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都会一起起作用
[4].手写的配置类也会被调用
结果：SpringMVC的自动配置和手写的扩展配置都起作用；
(3).全面接管SpringMVC
??SpringBoot对SpringMVC的自动配置不需要；自己配置所有配置；所有的SpringMVC自动配置使其失效。
??需要在配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可；
|
//使用 WebMvcConfigurer可以来扩展SpringMVC功能
//因为WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已经过时，所以我们使用接口WebMvcConfigurer替代
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig ?implements WebMvcConfigurer {
????@Override
????public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
????????//super.addViewControllers(registry)
????????//浏览器发送/pluto请求来到success
????????registry.addViewController("/pluto").setViewName("success");
????}
}
|
原理解析：@EnableWebMvc自动配置失效
[1].@EnableWebMvc的核心
?
|
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Documented
@Import({DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class})
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
}
|
[2].DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration
?
|
@Configuration(
????proxyBeanMethods = false
)
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
|
[3].WebMvcAutoConfiguration
|
@Configuration(
????proxyBeanMethods = false
)
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(
????type = Type.SERVLET
)
@ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class,DispatcherServlet.class,WebMvcConfigurer.class})
//容器中没有这个组件的时候，这个自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class})
@AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638)
@AutoConfigureAfter({DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class,ValidationAutoConfiguration.class})
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
|
[4].@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来
[5].导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能
5.修改SpringBoot的默认配置
模式：
(1).SpringBoot在自动配置很多组件的时候，先看容器中有没有用户自己配置的（@Bean、@Component）如果有就用用户配置的，如果没有，才自动配置；如果有些组件可以有多个（ViewResolver）将用户配置的和自己默认的组合起来；
(2).在SpringBoot中有非常多的xxxConfigurer帮助我们进行扩展配置
(3).在SpringBoot中v ?有很多的xxxCustomizer帮助我们进行定制配置
6.RestfulCRUD
(1).访问首页(默认)
|
//使用?WebMvcConfigurer可以来扩展SpringMVC功能
//因为WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已经过时，所以我们使用接口WebMvcConfigurer替代
//@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
????@Override
????public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
????????//super.addViewControllers(registry)
????????//浏览器发送/pluto请求来到success
????????registry.addViewController("/pluto").setViewName("success");
????}
?
????//所有的WebMvcConfigurer组件会一起起作用
????//@Bean将组件注册在容器中
????@Bean
?
????public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){
????????WebMvcConfigurer ?dapter = new WebMvcConfigurer() {
????????????@Override
????????????public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
????????????????registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
????????????????registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
????????????}
????????};
???????return dapter;
????}
}
|
(2).国际化
[1].编写国际化配置文件
[2].使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件
[3].在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容
实现步骤：
[1].编写国际化配置文件
|
#login_zh_CN.properties
login.btn=登录
login.password=密码
login.remember=记住我
login.tip=请登录
login.username=用户名
?
#login_en_US.properties
login.btn=Sing In
login.password=Password
login.remember=remember me
login.tip=Please sign in
login.username=UserName
?
#login.properties
login.btn=登录~
login.password=密码~
login.remember=记住我~
login.tip=请登录~
login.username=用户名~
|
?
[2].SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件
|
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
????
????/**
* Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath
* location),each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
* slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
* "org.mypackage"),it will be resolved from the classpath root.
*/
private String basename = "messages"; ?
????//我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫messages.properties；
????
????@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
????????????//设置国际化资源文件的基础名（去掉语言国家代码的）
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
}
if (this.encoding != null) {
messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
}
messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
return messageSource;
}
|
[3].取出国际化内容
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
???<head>
??????<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
??????<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no">
??????<meta name="description" content="">
??????<meta name="author" content="">
??????<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
??????<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
??????<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
??????<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
??????<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
???</head>
?
???<body class="text-center">
??????<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
?????????<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
?????????<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal"?th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
?????????<label class="sr-only"?th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label>
?????????<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}"?required="" autofocus="">
?????????<label class="sr-only"?th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label>
?????????<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}"?required="">
?????????<div class="checkbox mb-3">
????????????<label>
??????????<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me">?[[#{login.remember}]]
????????</label>
?????????</div>
?????????<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
?????????<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">? 2017-2018</p>
?????????<a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
?????????<a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
??????</form>
?
???</body>
?
</html>
|
??如果出现乱码的现象，那么只需要重新改下编码就行。可以设置全局配置，也可以设置项目配置。以下是全局配置
?
??效果：根据浏览器语言设置的信息切换了国际化
原理解析：国际化Locale(区域信息对象)；LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象)
|
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc",name = "locale")
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
if (this.mvcProperties
.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
}
AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
return localeResolver;
}
默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化
|
[4].点击链接切换国际化
|
/**
?* 可以在连接上携带区域信息
?*/
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
????
????@Override
????public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
????????String l = request.getParameter("l");
????????Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
????????if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
????????????String[] split = l.split("_");
????????????locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
????????}
????????return locale;
????}
?
????@Override
????public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,Locale locale) {
?
????}
}
?
?
?@Bean
????public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
????????return new MyLocaleResolver();
????}
}
|
(3).登录
??开发期间模板引擎页面修改以后，如果想实时生效,需要执行以下两个步骤
[1].禁用模板引擎的缓存
|
# 禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
|
[2].重新编译
?
登陆错误消息的显示
|
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
|
防止表单重复提交的办法：重定向
|
#LoginController.java
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(username)&& "123456".equals(password)){
????//登录成功 防止表单重复提交，可以重定向到主页
????return "redirect:/main.html";
|
|
#MyMvcConfig.java
//所有的WebMvcConfigurer组件会一起起作用
//@Bean将组件注册在容器中
@Bean
public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){
????WebMvcConfigurer ?dapter = new WebMvcConfigurer() {
????????@Override
????????public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
????????????registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
????????????registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
????????????registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
????????}
????};
???return dapter;
}
|
(4).拦截器进行登陆检查
[1].拦截器
|
/**
?* 登录检查
?*/
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{
????//目标方法执行之前
????@Override
????public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,Object handler) throws Exception {
????????Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
????????if(user==null){
????????????//未登录 返回登录页面
????????????request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限请先登录");
????????????request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
????????????return false;
????????}else {
????????????//已登录 放行请求
????????????return true;
????????}
????}
}
|
[2].注册拦截器
|
//所有的WebMvcConfigurer组件会一起起作用
//@Bean将组件注册在容器中
@Bean
public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){
????WebMvcConfigurer ?dapter = new WebMvcConfigurer() {
????????@Override
????????public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
????????????registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
????????????registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
????????????registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
????????}
?
????????//注册拦截器
????????@Override
????????public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
????????????//super.addInterceptors(registry);
????????????//静态资源?*.css *.js
????????????//springboot已经做了静态资源映射
????????????registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
????????????????????.excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
????????}
?
????};
?
?
???return dapter;
}
|
(5).CRUD-员工列表
[1].需求分析
??RestfulCRUD：CRUD满足Rest风格；
??URI:/资源名称/资源标识 ?HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作
|
?
|
?
普通CRUD（uri来区分操作）
|
RestfulCRUD
|
|
查询
|
getEmp
|
emp---GET
|
|
添加
|
addEmp?xxx
|
emp---POST
|
|
修改
|
updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx
|
emp/{id}---PUT
|
|
删除
|
deleteEmp?id=1
|
emp/{id}---DELETE
|
[2].实验的请求架构
|
实验功能
|
请求URI
|
请求方式
|
|
查询所有员工
|
emps
|
GET
|
|
查询某个员工(来到修改页面)
|
emp/1
|
GET
|
|
来到添加页面
|
emp
|
GET
|
|
添加员工
|
emp
|
POST
|
|
来到修改页面（查出员工进行信息回显）
|
emp/1
|
GET
|
|
修改员工
|
emp
|
PUT
|
|
删除员工
|
emp/1
|
DELETE
|
[3].员工列表
??thymeleaf公共页面元素抽取
|
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
? 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
?
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}：模板名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
?
3、默认效果：
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入，可以不用写~{}：
行内写法可以加上：[[~{}]];[(~{})]；
|
三种引入公共片段的th属性:
??th:insert：将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中
??th:replace：将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段
??th:include：将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中
|
<footer th:fragment="copy">
? 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
?
引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>
?
效果
<div>
????<footer>
????? 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
????</footer>
</div>
?
<footer>
? 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
?
<div>
? 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
|
?
?
引入片段的时候传入参数
|
<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar">
????<div class="sidebar-sticky">
????????<ul class="nav flex-column">
????????????<li class="nav-item">
????????????????<a class="nav-link active"
???????????????????th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}"
???????????????????href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}">
????????????????????<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
????????????????????????<path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path>
????????????????????????<polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline>
????????????????????</svg>
????????????????????Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
????????????????</a>
????????????</li>
?
<!--引入侧边栏;传入参数-->
<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div>
|
(6).CRUD-员工添加
templates/emp/add.html
|
<form>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>LastName</label>
????????<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>Email</label>
????????<input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com">
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>Gender</label><br/>
????????<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
????????????<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" ?value="1">
????????????<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
????????</div>
????????<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
????????????<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" ?value="0">
????????????<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
????????</div>
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>department</label>
????????<select class="form-control">
????????????<option>1</option>
????????????<option>2</option>
????????????<option>3</option>
????????????<option>4</option>
????????????<option>5</option>
????????</select>
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>Birth</label>
????????<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
????</div>
????<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>
|
[1].格式问题
??若提交的日期格式不对，则会出现404
?
??SpringMVC将页面提交的值需要转换为指定的类型
|
spring:
??mvc:
????format:
??????date: yyyy-MM-dd
|
(7).CRUD-员工修改
|
<!--需要区分是员工修改还是添加；-->
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
????<!--发送put请求修改员工数据-->
????<!--
1、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;（SpringBoot自动配置好的）
2、页面创建一个post表单
3、创建一个input项，name="_method";值就是我们指定的请求方式
-->
????<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
????<input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>LastName</label>
????????<input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>Email</label>
????????<input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>Gender</label><br/>
????????<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
????????????<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
????????????<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
????????</div>
????????<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
????????????<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
????????????<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
????????</div>
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>department</label>
????????<!--提交的是部门的id-->
????????<select class="form-control" name="department.id">
????????????<option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
????????</select>
????</div>
????<div class="form-group">
????????<label>Birth</label>
????????<input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth,'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
????</div>
????<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加</button>
</form>
|
(8).CRUD-员工删除
|
<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
????<td th:text="${emp.id}"></td>
????<td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td>
????<td th:text="${emp.email}"></td>
????<td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'"></td>
????<td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td>
????<td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth,'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"></td>
????<td>
????????<a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">编辑</a>
????????<button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">删除</button>
????</td>
</tr>
?
?
<script>
????$(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
????????//删除当前员工的
????????$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
????????return false;
????});
</script>
|
?7.错误处理机制
(1).SpringBoot默认的错误处理机制
[1].默认效果
??浏览器:返回一个默认的错误页面
?
??浏览器发送请求的请求头
?
??其它客户端:默认响应一个json数据
?
?
?
[2].原理
??ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration:错误处理自动配置
?
1].DefaultErrorAttributes
|
帮我们在页面共享信息；
@Override
public Map<String,Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String,Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String,Object>();
errorAttributes.put("timestamp",new Date());
addStatus(errorAttributes,requestAttributes);
addErrorDetails(errorAttributes,requestAttributes,includeStackTrace);
addPath(errorAttributes,requestAttributes);
return errorAttributes;
}
|
2].BasicErrorController
?
|
@Controller
@RequestMapping({"${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}"})
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
????private final ErrorProperties errorProperties;
|
|
#产生html类型的数据,浏览器发送的请求来到这个方法处理
@RequestMapping(
????produces = {"text/html"}
)
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
????HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
????Map<String,Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(this.getErrorAttributes(request,this.getErrorAttributeOptions(request,MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
????response.setStatus(status.value());
????//到那个页面作为错误页面；包含页面地址和页面内容
????ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolveErrorView(request,response,status,model);
????return modelAndView != null ? modelAndView : new ModelAndView("error",model);
}
?
#产生json数据，其他客户端来到这个方法处理
@RequestMapping
public ResponseEntity<Map<String,Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
????HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
????if (status == HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT) {
????????return new ResponseEntity(status);
????} else {
????????Map<String,Object> body = this.getErrorAttributes(request,MediaType.ALL));
????????return new ResponseEntity(body,status);
????}
}
|
?
3].ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration.ErrorPageCustomizer
?
|
#系统出现错误后到error请求进行处理
#web.xml注册的错误页面规则
public class ErrorProperties {
????@Value("${error.path:/error}")
????private String path = "/error";
|
?
4].DefaultErrorViewResolverConfiguration
?
|
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,HttpStatus status,
Map<String,Object> model) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status),model);
if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()),model);
}
return modelAndView;
}
?
private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName,Map<String,Object> model) {
????????//默认SpringBoot可以去找到一个页面？ ?error/404
String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
????????
????????//模板引擎可以解析这个页面地址就用模板引擎解析
TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
.getProvider(errorViewName,this.applicationContext);
if (provider != null) {
????????????//模板引擎可用的情况下返回到errorViewName指定的视图地址
return new ModelAndView(errorViewName,model);
}
????????//模板引擎不可用，就在静态资源文件夹下找errorViewName对应的页面 ??error/404.html
return resolveResource(errorViewName,model);
}
|
[3].步骤
系统出现4xx或者5xx的错误；ErrorPageCustomizer就会生效（定制错误的响应规则）；来到/error请求；被BasicErrorController处理；
1].响应页面
??页面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的
|
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
??????HttpServletResponse response,Object> model) {
????//所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
???for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
??????ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request,model);
??????if (modelAndView != null) {
?????????return modelAndView;
??????}
???}
???return null;
}
|
(2).定制错误响应
[1].如何定制错误页面
1].模板引擎存在
??有模板引擎的情况下；error/状态码；将错误页面命名为 ?错误状态码.html 放在模板引擎文件夹里面的 error文件夹下
?
??我们可以使用4xx和5xx作为错误页面的文件名来匹配这种类型的所有错误，精确优先（优先寻找精确的状态码.html）；
??页面能获取的信息
|
?
|
?
|
|
timestamp
|
时间戳
|
|
status
|
状态码
|
|
error
|
错误提示
|
|
exception
|
异常对象
|
|
message
|
异常消息
|
|
errors
|
JSR303数据校验的错误
|
?
2].模板引擎不存在
??模板引擎找不到这个错误页面,静态资源文件夹下找；
? 
3].其它
??以上都没有错误页面，就是默认来到SpringBoot默认的错误提示页面；
[2].如何定制错误json数据
1].自定义异常处理&返回定制json数据
8.配置嵌入式Servlet容器
??SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器
?
(1).定制|修改Servlet容器配置
[1].修改server相关配置(ServerProperties) ?
|
server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
?
//通用的Servlet容器设置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的设置
server.tomcat.xxx
|
?
[2].WebServerFactoryCustomizer
??编写WebServerFactoryCustomizer：嵌入式Servlet容器定制器；修改Servlet容器的配置
|
//spring1.0支持?EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
//spring2.0支持?webServerFactoryCustomizer
//参考文档：https://blog.csdn.net/Stitch__/article/details/88751497
@Bean
public WebServerFactoryCustomizer webServerFactoryCustomizer(){
?
????return new WebServerFactoryCustomizer <ConfigurableWebServerFactory>() {
?
????????//定制嵌入式的servlet容器相关规则
????????@Override
????????public void customize(ConfigurableWebServerFactory factory) {
????????????factory.setPort(8088);
????????}
????};
}
|
?
(2).注册Servlet三大组件(Servlet、Filter、Listener)
??注册三大组件用以下方式：ServletRegistrationBean、FilterRegistrationBean、ServletListenerRegistrationBean
[1].ServletRegistrationBean
|
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
????FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
????registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
????registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
????return registrationBean;
}
|
[2].FilterRegistrationBean
|
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
????FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
????registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
????registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
????return registrationBean;
}
|
[3].ServletListenerRegistrationBean
|
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
????ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean(new MyListener());
????return registrationBean;
}
|
??SpringBoot帮我们自动SpringMVC的时候，自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器；DIspatcherServlet；
|
????@Bean(
????????name = {"dispatcherServletRegistration"}
????)
????@ConditionalOnBean(
????????value = {DispatcherServlet.class},
????????name = {"dispatcherServlet"}
????)
????public DispatcherServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet,WebMvcProperties webMvcProperties,ObjectProvider<MultipartConfigElement> multipartConfig) {
????????DispatcherServletRegistrationBean registration = new DispatcherServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet,webMvcProperties.getServlet().getPath());
????????//默认拦截：/ 所有请求 包括静态资源 但是不拦截jsp ?/*会拦截jsp
????????//可以通过server.serverletPath修改SrpingMVC前段控制器默认拦截的请求
????????registration.setName("dispatcherServlet");
????????registration.setLoadOnStartup(webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
????????multipartConfig.ifAvailable(registration::setMultipartConfig);
????????return registration;
????}
}
|
(3).springboot使用其它servlet容器
?
?
?[1].tomcat
??Tomcat(默认使用)
|
<dependency>
???<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
???<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
???引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器；
</dependency>
|
[2].Jetty
??目前只在springboot1.5.10版本上可以成功，spring2.0版本的都有错误
?
|
<!-- 引入web模块 -->
<dependency>
???<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
???<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
???<exclusions>
??????<exclusion>
?????????<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
?????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
??????</exclusion>
???</exclusions>
</dependency>
?
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
???<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
???<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
|
[3].Undertow
??Undertow在springBoot1.5.10和SpringBoot2.0都成功运行
|
<!-- 引入web模块 -->
<dependency>
???<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
???<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
???<exclusions>
??????<exclusion>
?????????<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
?????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
??????</exclusion>
???</exclusions>
</dependency>
?
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
???<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
???<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
|
(4).嵌入式Servlet容器自动配置原理
[1].SpringBoot1.5.10版本
??EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置
|
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar：Spring注解版；给容器中导入一些组件
//导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor：
//后置处理器：bean初始化前后（创建完对象，还没赋值赋值）执行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
????
????@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class,Tomcat.class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat依赖；
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class,search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判断当前容器没有用户自己定义EmbeddedServletContainerFactory：嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂；作用：创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
?
@Bean
public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
? ?}
?
}
????
????/**
* Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class,Server.class,Loader.class,
WebAppContext.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class,search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedJetty {
?
@Bean
public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
? ? return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
? }
?
}
?
/**
* Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class,Undertow.class,SslClientAuthMode.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class,search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
?
@Bean
public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
? ? return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
? }
?
}
|
1].EmbeddedServletContainerFactory
??EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式Servlet容器工厂
?
|
public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
?
???//获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
???EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
?????????ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
?
}
|
2].EmbeddedServletContainer
??EmbeddedServletContainer:嵌入式的Servlet容器
?
3].TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory ?
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@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
??????ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
????//创建一个Tomcat
???Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
????
????//配置Tomcat的基本环节
???File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
?????????: createTempDir("tomcat"));
???tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
???Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
???tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
???customizeConnector(connector);
???tomcat.setConnector(connector);
???tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
???configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
???for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
??????tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
???}
???prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(),initializers);
????
????//将配置好的Tomcat传入进去，返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer；并且启动Tomcat服务器
???return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}
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4].嵌入式容器配置修改
??对嵌入式容器的配置修改是需要一下支持生效
|
ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
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5]修改原理
??EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
??容器中导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
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//初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean,String beanName)
??????throws BeansException {
????//如果当前初始化的是一个ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer类型的组件
???if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
???????//
??????postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
???}
???return bean;
}
?
private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
????//获取所有的定制器，调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值；
????for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
????????customizer.customize(bean);
????}
}
?
private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
????if (this.customizers == null) {
????????// Look up does not include the parent context
????????this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
????????????this.beanFactory
????????????//从容器中获取所有这葛类型的组件：EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
????????????//定制Servlet容器，给容器中可以添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件
????????????.getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
????????????????????????????false,false)
????????????.values());
????????Collections.sort(this.customizers,AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
????????this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
????}
????return this.customizers;
}
?
ServerProperties也是定制器
|
6].步骤
1).SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况，给容器中添加相应的
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】
?
2).容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor；只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂，后置处理器就工作；
?
3).后置处理器，从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer，调用定制器的定制方法
[2].SpringBoot2.0版本
(5).嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理
问题：
①.何时创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂
②.何时获取嵌入式的Servlet容器并启动Tomcat
[1].获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂
1].SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法
?
2].refreshContext
??refreshContext(context);
??SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象，并初始化容器，创建容器中的每一个组件】；
??如果是web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext，否则：AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
3].refresh
??refresh(context);
??refresh刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器；
|
public void refresh() throws BeansException,IllegalStateException {
???synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
??????// Prepare this context for refreshing.
??????prepareRefresh();
?
??????// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
??????ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
?
??????// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
??????prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
?
??????try {
?????????// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
?????????postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
?
?????????// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
?????????invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
?
?????????// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
?????????registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
?
?????????// Initialize message source for this context.
?????????initMessageSource();
?
?????????// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
?????????initApplicationEventMulticaster();
?
?????????// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
?????????onRefresh();
?
?????????// Check for listener beans and register them.
?????????registerListeners();
?
?????????// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
?????????finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
?
?????????// Last step: publish corresponding event.
?????????finishRefresh();
??????}
?
??????catch (BeansException ex) {
?????????if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
????????????logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
??????????????????"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
?????????}
?
?????????// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
?????????destroyBeans();
?
?????????// Reset 'active' flag.
?????????cancelRefresh(ex);
?
?????????// Propagate exception to caller.
?????????throw ex;
??????}
?
??????finally {
?????????// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core,since we
?????????// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
?????????resetCommonCaches();
??????}
???}
}
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4].onRefresh
??onRefresh()web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法
5].createEmbeddedServletContainer
??webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器；
??createEmbeddedServletContainer();
6].获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂
|
??EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
|
??从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件；TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory创建对象，后置处理器一看是这个对象，就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置；
7].使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
|
this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory.getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
|
8].嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器
??先启动嵌入式的Servlet容器，再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出的对象获取出来
??IOC容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
9.外置Servlet容器
??嵌入式Servlet容器：应用打成可执行的jar
??嵌入式Servlet容器优点：简单、便携
??嵌入式Servlet容器缺点：默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器[ServerProperties、自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer[，自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂[EmbeddedServletContainerFactory[);
??外置式Servlet容器：外面安装Tomcat---应用war包的方式打包；
(1).步骤
[1].创建war项目
??利用idea创建好目录结构
[2].修改pom文件
??将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided
|
<dependency>
???<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
???<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
???<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
|
[3].SpringBootServletInitializer
??编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类，并调用configure方法
|
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
?
???@Override
???protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
???????//传入SpringBoot应用的主程序
??????return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
???}
?
}
|
[4].启动服务器
(2).原理
??jar包:执行SpringBoot主类main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式Servlet容器；
??war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用[SpringBootServletInitializer],启动ioc容器;
?
[1].规则
1].服务器启动（web应用启动）会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer实例
?
2].ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下，有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件，内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名
?
3].使用@HandlesTypes，在应用启动的时候加载需要的类；
[2].流程
1].启动Tomcat
2].orgspringframeworkspring-web4.3.14.RELEASEspring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!META-INFservicesjavax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer：
??Spring的web模块里面有这个文件：
org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer
3].SpringServletContainerInitializer
将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>；为这些WebApplicationInitializer类型的类创建实例；
4].每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup；
5].相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitializer的类会被创建对象，并执行onStartup方法
?
6].SpringBootServletInitializer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext；创建容器
|
protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(
??????ServletContext servletContext) {
????//1、创建SpringApplicationBuilder
???SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
???StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment();
???environment.initPropertySources(servletContext,null);
???builder.environment(environment);
???builder.main(getClass());
???ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
???if (parent != null) {
??????this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
??????servletContext.setAttribute(
????????????WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE,null);
??????builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent));
???}
???builder.initializers(
?????????new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
???builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);
????
????//调用configure方法，子类重写了这个方法，将SpringBoot的主程序类传入了进来
???builder = configure(builder);
????
????//使用builder创建一个Spring应用
???SpringApplication application = builder.build();
???if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils
?????????.findAnnotation(getClass(),Configuration.class) != null) {
??????application.getSources().add(getClass());
???}
???Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(),
?????????"No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
???????????????+ "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
???// Ensure error pages are registered
???if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
??????application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
???}
????//启动Spring应用
???return run(application);
}
|
7].Spring的应用就启动并且创建IOC容器
|
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
???StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
???stopWatch.start();
???ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
???FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
???configureHeadlessProperty();
???SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
???listeners.starting();
???try {
??????ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
????????????args);
??????ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
????????????applicationArguments);
??????Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
??????context = createApplicationContext();
??????analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
??????prepareContext(context,environment,listeners,applicationArguments,
????????????printedBanner);
???????
???????//刷新IOC容器
??????refreshContext(context);
??????afterRefresh(context,applicationArguments);
??????listeners.finished(context,null);
??????stopWatch.stop();
??????if (this.logStartupInfo) {
?????????new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
???????????????.logStarted(getApplicationLog(),stopWatch);
??????}
??????return context;
???}
???catch (Throwable ex) {
??????handleRunFailure(context,analyzers,ex);
??????throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
???}
}
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重要：启动Servlet容器，再启动SpringBoot应用
参考文档
http://www.webjars.org/
https://www.thymeleaf.org/
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.9.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-use-thymeleaf-3
https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/releases
https://github.com/ultraq/thymeleaf-layout-dialect/releases
https://www.thymeleaf.org/documentation.html
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.10.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-developing-web-applications
? （编辑：李大同）
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