ruby-on-rails – 功能规范和视图规范之间有什么区别吗？

功能规范使用无头浏览器从外部测试整个系统,就像用户使用它一样.如果您使用正确的无头浏览器并打开Javascript,它还会运行代码,数据库,视图和Javascript.

与其他类型的rspec-rails规范不同,功能规范是使用功能和方案方法定义的.

功能规格,仅限功能规格,使用Capybara的所有功能,包括访问,fill_in和click_button等方法,以及像have_text这样的匹配器.

the rspec-rails documentation for feature specs中有很多例子.这是一个快速的例子：

feature "Questions" do
  scenario "User posts a question" do
    visit "/questions/ask"
    fill_in "title" with "Is there any difference between a feature spec and a view spec?"
    fill_in "question" with "I had a question ..."
    click_button "Post Your Question"
    expect(page).to have_text "Is there any difference between a feature spec and a view spec?"
    expect(page).to have_text "I had a question"
  end
end

视图规范只是单独呈现视图,模板变量由测试而不是控制器提供.

与其他类型的rspec-rails规范一样,视图规范是使用describe和it方法定义的.一个用assign分配模板变量,用render渲染视图并获得渲染结果.

视图规范中使用的唯一Capybara功能是匹配器,如have_text.

the rspec-rails documentation of view specs有很多例子.这是一个快速的例子：

describe "questions/show" do
  it "displays the question" do
    assign :title,"Is there any difference between a feature spec and a view spec?"
    assign :question,"I had a question"
    render

    expect(rendered).to match /Is there any difference between a feature spec and a view spec?/
    expect(rendered).to match /I had a question/
  end
end