Ruby常用文件操作方法
发布时间：2020-12-16 22:52:21 所属栏目：百科 来源：网络整理
导读：一、新建文件 复制代码 代码如下: f=File.new(File.join("C:","Test.txt"),"w+") f.puts("I am Jack") f.puts("Hello World") 文件模式 "r" ：Read-only. Starts at beginning of file (default mode). "r+" ：Read-write. Starts at beginning of file. "w"
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一、新建文件 复制代码 代码如下: f=File.new(File.join("C:","Test.txt"),"w+") f.puts("I am Jack") f.puts("Hello World") 文件模式 "r" ：Read-only. Starts at beginning of file (default mode). "r+" ：Read-write. Starts at beginning of file. "w" ：Write-only. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for writing. "w+" ：Read-write. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for reading and writing. "a" ：Write-only. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise,creates a new file for writing. "a+" ：Read-write. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise,creates a new file for reading and writing. "b" ：(DOS/Windows only.) Binary file mode. May appear with any of the key letters listed above 二、读取文件 复制代码 代码如下: file=File.open(File.join("C:","r") file.each { |line| print "#{file.lineno}.",line } file.close 三、新建、删除、重命名文件 复制代码 代码如下: File.new( "books.txt","w" ) File.rename( "books.txt","chaps.txt" ) File.delete( "chaps.txt" ) 四、目录操作 1 创建目录 复制代码 代码如下: Dir.mkdir("c:/testdir") #删除目录 Dir.rmdir("c:/testdir") #查询目录里的文件 p Dir.entries(File.join("C:","Ruby")).join(' ') #遍历目录 Dir.entries(File.join("C:","Ruby")).each { |e| puts e } 1、ARGV and ARGF 复制代码 代码如下: ARGV ARGV << "cnblogslink.txt" #The gets method is a Kernel method that gets lines from ARGV print while gets p ARGV.class ARGF 2、文件信息查询 复制代码 代码如下: #文件是否存在 p File::exists?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true #是否是文件 p File.file?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true #是否是目录 p File::directory?( "c:/ruby" ) # => true p File::directory?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false #文件权限 p File.readable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true p File.writable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true p File.executable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false #是否是零长度 p File.zero?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false #文件大小 bytes p File.size?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => 74 p File.size( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => 74 #文件或文件夹 p File::ftype( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => "file" #文件创建、修改、最后一次存取时间 p File::ctime( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009 p File::mtime( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:06:34 +0800 2009 p File::atime( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009 3、查找文件 复制代码 代码如下: puts "查找目录下所有文件及文件夹" Dir["c:/ruby/*"].each {|x| puts x } puts "条件查询" Dir.foreach('c:/ruby') { |x| puts x if x != "." && x != ".." } puts "查找某一类型文件" Dir["*.rb"].each {|x| puts x } puts "Open 查询" Dir.open('c:/ruby') { |d| d.grep /l/ }.each{|x| puts x} puts "---------------------------" puts "正则表达式查询" Dir["c:/ruby/ruby/[rs]*"].each{|x| puts x} puts "------------------------" Dir["c:/ruby/[^s]*"].each{|x| puts x} puts "------------------------" Dir["c:/ruby/{ruby,li}*"].each{|x| puts x} puts "------------------------" Dir["c:/ruby/?b*"].each{|x| puts x} puts "查找目录及子目录的文件" require 'find' Find.find('./') { |path| puts path } 3、查询目录及子目录文件 复制代码 代码如下: require "find" Find.find("/etc/passwd","/var/spool/lp1",".") do |f| Find.prune if f == "." puts f end 原型：ref.find( [ aName ]* ) {| aFileName | block } prune：Skips the current file or directory,restarting the loop with the next entry. If the current file is a directory,that directory will not be recursively entered. Meaningful only within the block associated with Find::find. 4、文件比较 复制等 复制代码 代码如下: require 'ftools' File.copy 'testfile','testfile1' » true File.compare 'testfile','testfile1' » true （编辑：李大同） 【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |
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