用XML写出原生设置界面

在谷歌官方的文档中，要求我们使用xml来生成设置界面，但是在国内推广的并不广泛，很多人都喜欢使用自定义嵌套布局来实现设置界面，麻烦不说，配置成iOS的样子也不伦不类的。为何不直接使用原生设置界面呢？可能不到一小时你就可以生成一个完美的设置界面。

特点：

• 由xml编写，代码最小化
• 商店评分功能
• 开发反馈功能
• 超有逼格的关于界面
• 想在设置界面实现在线更新？ 点这里

1. 配置xml

在xml文件夹中新建

settings_general.xml

配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

  <PreferenceCategory android:title="Post">
    <ListPreference "Post Limit" android:defaultValue="10" android:entryValues="@array/settings_entry_values_post_limit" android:entries="@array/settings_entries_post_limit"/>

    <"Preview Image Quality" "0" android:key="preview_image" "@array/settings_entry_values_preview_image_size" "@array/settings_entries_image_size"/>

    <"Download Image Quality" "2" "download_image" CheckBoxPreference "Safe Mode" "true" android:summaryOn="You are now under protected" android:summaryOff="Warning! You may need be more careful!"/>
  </PreferenceCategory>

  <"About">

    <"Open Source" "about">
    </PreferenceScreen>
    <"Rate this app" android:summary="Like the app?Please consider leaving a review in the Store!">
      <intent android:action="android.intent.action.VIEW" android:data="market://details?id=com.github.miao1007.kwallpaper"/>

    </"Feedback" "miao1007@gmail.com">
      <"mailto:miao1007@gmail.com?subject=WallpaperAppFeedback"/>
    </PreferenceScreen>
  </PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>

接着是代码中的数组

settings_pref.xml

resources>
  <string-array name="settings_entries_post_limit">
    <item>10</item>
    <item>15</item>20</item>
  </string-array>

  <"settings_entry_values_post_limit">
    <"settings_entries_image_size">
    <item>Small</item>Medium</item>Large</item>Source</"settings_entry_values_preview_image_size">
    <item>0</item>1</item>2</item>3</string-array>

</resources>

2. 配置About Library

AboutLibrary是一款开源美观的AboutActivity/Fragments生成器。

Gradle配置如下

compile('com.mikepenz.aboutlibraries:library:4.6.5@aar') {
    transitive = true
}

新建一个

aboutlibraries_description.xml

内容如下

string "aboutLibraries_description_name">KWallPaper</string>
  <"aboutLibraries_description_showIcon">true</"aboutLibraries_description_showVersion">true</"aboutLibraries_description_text">
    <![CDATA[This is a wallpaper app in material design. <br /><br /><b>You can fork me on <a href="https://github.com/miao1007/Lollipop-Animation-Sample">GitHub</a> </b>]]>
  </string>
</ 3. 编写Fragment 
 写一个Fragment，嵌入Activity中即可。根据xml中的key配置Click/Switch事件。
 
PreferenceFragment fragment = new PreferenceFragment() {
      @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = super.onCreateView(inflater,container,savedInstanceState);
        //Set night-mode or other UI changes

        return view;
      }

      @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.settings_general);
        findPreference("about").setOnPreferenceClickListener(
            new Preference.OnPreferenceClickListener() {
              @Override boolean onPreferenceClick(Preference preference) {
                //config About Library
                new Libs.Builder().withActivityTitle("About").withFields(R.string.class.getFields()).start(getActivity());
                return false;
              }
            });
      }
 
 4. 配置的读取与修改
 
 把这个工具类加入即可，使用时按照xml中的key作为参数即可
 
public class PreferenceUtils {

  static String getPrefString(String key,final String defaultValue) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(GlobalContext.getInstance());
    return settings.getString(key,defaultValue);
  }

  static setPrefString(Context context,0)">final String key,0)">final String value) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext());
    settings.edit().putString(key,value).commit();
  }

  getPrefBoolean(Context context,0)">final boolean defaultValue) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext());
    return settings.getBoolean(key,210)">hasKey(Context context,0)">final String key) {
    return PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext()).contains(key);
  }

  setPrefBoolean(Context context,0)">boolean value) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext());
    settings.edit().putBoolean(key,210)">setPrefInt(Context context,0)">int value) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext());
    settings.edit().putInt(key,0)">int getPrefInt(Context context,0)">int defaultValue) {
    return settings.getInt(key,210)">setPrefFloat(Context context,0)">float value) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext());
    settings.edit().putFloat(key,0)">float getPrefFloat(Context context,0)">float defaultValue) {
    return settings.getFloat(key,210)">setSettingLong(Context context,0)">long value) {
    final SharedPreferences settings = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context.getApplicationContext());
    settings.edit().putLong(key,0)">long getPrefLong(Context context,0)">long defaultValue) {
    return settings.getLong(key,210)">clearPreference(Context context,0)">final SharedPreferences p) {
    final SharedPreferences.Editor editor = p.edit();
    editor.clear();
    editor.commit();
  }
}
 
 5. 完成！
 
 通过编写如上代码，你就拥有了一个原生的设置界面，实例代码在Github仓库中。
 
 如果你希望设置界面更加个性化，点这里。
                        
（编辑：李大同）
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