Swfit初学6--协议--结构体--枚举--继承

/*---------------我是帅气的分割线--------*/

/**
*  协议
*/

@objc protocol Description {
    
    func description() -> String
    //    mutating func amutatingMethod()
    //这里可以改变属性的值
    class func aTypeMethod()//类方法需要用class关键字
    @optional func anOptionalMethod()
}

//如果声明可选择实现方法. 需要在func前加@optional声明,而且协议前面要加@objc 这样协议结构体不能遵守,所以也不允许matating方法的存在

//protocol Description{
//    func description() -> String
//    mutating func aMutatingMethod()
//    class func aTypeMethod()    //类型方法需要用class关键字
//    @optional func anOptionalMethod()
//    
//}


/*---------------我是帅气的分割线--------*/

/*------- 结构体 -------*/

struct Point {
    var x = 0.0
    var y = 0.0
}

struct Size {
    var width = 0.0
    var height = 0.0
}

// Swift中结构体也可以创建("对象")实例
var point = Point()
var size = Size()

//创建两个空的数组
var anEmptyArrayA = Array<String>()
// or
var anEmptyArrayB = String[]()


struct Rect{    ///------------>遵守协议,下面实现方法
    var origin = Point()
    var size = Size()
    //计算属性必须是变量
    var center: Point{
    get{
        let centerX = origin.x + size.width / 2
        let centerY = origin.y + size.height / 2
        return Point(x: centerX,y:centerY)
    }
    set (getCenter){               //--------> setter方法会提供一个默认的新值,newValue
        let originX = getCenter.x - size.width / 2
        let originY = getCenter.y - size.height / 2
        origin = Point(x: originX,y: originY)
    }
    }
    
    

    mutating func  moveBy(deltaX:Double,deltaY: Double){
        let newX = origin.x + deltaX
        let newY = origin.y + deltaY
        origin = Point(x:newX,y:newY)
    
    }
    
    
    //------实现协议方法
    func description() -> String{
        return "((origin.x),(origin.y),(size.width),(size.height))"
    }
    
    mutating func aMutatingMethod(){
        //这里可以改变属性的值
    }
        // 如果是现实协议中的类型方法,虽然在协议中使用了class关键字,但是在结构体
    static func aTypeMethod() {
        
    }
    
    
}
var frame = Rect()
frame.origin.x = 10
frame.origin.y = 10
//frame.size.width = 10
//frame.size.height = 10
frame.size = Size(width: 100,height:100)

println("frame = ((frame.origin.x),(frame.origin.y),(frame.size.width),(frame.size.height))")
println("frame.center = ((frame.center.x),(frame.center.y))")
println(frame.description())


/*---------------我是帅气的分割线--------*/

/**
*  枚举值
*/
enum PersonIdeentify: String {
    case Teacher = "teacher"
    case Student = "student"

}

class Person{

    var name:String?
    var sex:String?
    var identify:PersonIdeentify?
    
    //构造器中,第一个参数依然会创建一个和局部参数名称相同的外部参数名称
    init(name: String,sex: String,identify: PersonIdeentify){
        self.name = name
        self.sex = sex
        self.identify = identify
    }
    
    
    //实现协议方法
    func description() -> String{
        // 调用枚举值的toRow()方法可以获取到枚举值的初值
        return "(name = (name) sex = (sex) identify = (identify!.toRaw()))"
    }
    
    // 在类中如果实现协议中定义的mutating方法,那么不需要加"mutating"关键字
    func aMutatingMethod(){
    
    }
    
    
}

//前面声明枚举,直接可以用" .Student "再次说明自动类型推断
var personA = Person(name: "张三",sex :"m",identify: .Student)
var personB = Person(name: "lisi",sex :"f",identify: .Teacher)
switch (personA.identify!){
case .Teacher:
    println("I am teacher")
case .Student:
    println("I am Student")
}

/*---------------我是帅气的分割线--------*/


/**
*   继承
*/

class Student: Person {
    var number: String?
    // 在类中,类型属性只可以是计算属性,但是在枚举和结构体中,既可以是计算属性,也可以是存值属性
    // 在类中声明一个类型属性的关键字class,在结构体和枚举中是static
    class var attendClassTime: String {
        return "9:30"
    }
    
    init(name: String,sex:String,number:String){
        super.init(name:name,sex:sex,identify:.Student)             //继承父类
        self.number = number                                        //自己的初始化
    }
    
}

var studentA = Student(name: "李莉",sex: "f",number:"312321")
var studentB = Student(name: "李莉",number:"312321")


println("Student attendClassTime = (Student.attendClassTime)")



class Teacher:Person {
    var course:String?
    init(name: String,course:String){
        super.init(name:name,identify:.Student)
        self.course = course
    }
    
    override func description() -> String{      ///----------我重写之前的方法(协议中),加上关键字 override
        return super.description() + "" + "course = (course)"
    
    }
    
}

var teacherA = Teacher(name:"张阳",sex:"男",course:"Swfit")
println()