QT5:C++实现基于multimedia的音乐播放器（一）

发布时间：2020-12-15 04:40:19 所属栏目：百科来源：网络整理

导读：上一篇里简略的描述了一下播放器的实现，这一篇开始具体描述一下过程。环境配置：Qt Creator 打开Qt Creator，创建一个new project，项目名称随你喜欢（我的是MusicPlayer），类名也随你喜欢（我的是Music），基类选择QWidget，不勾选界面UI（你也可以勾选U

上一篇里简略的描述了一下播放器的实现，这一篇开始具体描述一下过程。

环境配置：Qt Creator

打开Qt Creator，创建一个new project，项目名称随你喜欢（我的是MusicPlayer），类名也随你喜欢（我的是Music），基类选择QWidget，不勾选界面UI（你也可以勾选UI，用QT自带的UI设计来创建界面），然后要记住项目保存路径不能有中文。

创建成功后，在MusicPlayer.pro（项目名称.pro）里加上“QT += multimedia”这一句：

QT += QT += greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION,): QT += widgets

然后在头文件music.h（类名.h）里添加要用到的头文件名：

#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include

并且在music类里写上要用到的对象成员和函数：

Music : Music(QWidget *parent = volumChange( showMessage( seekChange( QPushButton * QPushButton * QPushButton * QPushButton * QPushButton * QPushButton * QPushButton * QPushButton * QSlider * QSlider * QLabel * QLabel * QLabel * QLabel * QLabel * QListWidget * QTimer * QTimer * QMediaPlayer * QMediaPlaylist * paintEvent(QPaintEvent * mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent * mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent * };

还要在源文件music.cpp里加上要用的头文件名：

#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include

接着添加资源文件，把要用的图标和背景图片都添加到项目里，然后就可以在music.cpp里写播放器的界面了。

Music::Music(QWidget * background.load(); -> resize(background.width(),background.height()); -> setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint); add = moved = timer = QTimer( timer2 = QTimer( player = QMediaPlayer(); playList = init_controls(); init_skin(); connect(player,SIGNAL(metaDataAvailableChanged()),,SLOT(showMessage( connect(seekSlider,SIGNAL(sliderMoved()),SLOT(seekChange( }

因为我创建的是一个无法移动的窗体，所以重写鼠标左键函数来让它可以被移动，这样的话，鼠标左键按住时可以拖动窗体了：

Music::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *(->buttons()===->globalPos()-->void Music::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent event)
{
if(event->buttons() & Qt::LeftButton)
 {
this ->move(event->globalPos() - dragPosition);
event->accept();
}
}
//绘制背景
void Music::paintEvent(QPaintEvent event)
{
QPainter paint(this);
QPixmap backgound;
backgound.load(":/image/music_bg.bmp");
paint.drawPixmap(0,0,backgound.width(),backgound.height(),backgound);
event ->accept();

}

然后写创建按钮的函数以及连接槽函数来响应信号的连接语句：

= QPushButton(-> setObjectName(); BtnClose -> setGeometry(,,,); BtnClose -> setToolTip(tr(-> setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor)); = QPushButton(->setObjectName(tr(->setGeometry(,,,->setToolTip(tr(->

playPattern</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QPushButton(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;/*</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;QIcon icon1(":/image/Seq.png");
playPattern->setIcon(icon1);</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;*/</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;
playPattern</span>->setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;playPattern</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
playPattern</span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;255</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;50</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;50</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
playPattern</span>->setToolTip(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;列表循环</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
playPattern</span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt;setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));


BtnPlay</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QPushButton(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
BtnPlay</span>->setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;BtnPlay</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
BtnPlay</span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;160</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;250</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;56</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;56</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
BtnPlay</span>->setToolTip(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;播放</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
BtnPlay</span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt;setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));

BtnPrev</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QPushButton(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
BtnPrev</span>->setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;BtnPrev</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
BtnPrev</span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;120</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;45</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;45</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
BtnPrev</span>->setToolTip(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;上一首</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
BtnPrev</span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt;setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));

BtnNext</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QPushButton(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
BtnNext</span>->setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;BtnNext</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
BtnNext</span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;210</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;45</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
BtnNext</span>->setToolTip(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;下一首</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
BtnNext</span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt;setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));

muteButton</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QPushButton(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
muteButton</span>->setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;muteButton</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
muteButton</span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;370</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;320</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;25</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
muteButton</span>->setToolTip(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;关闭声音</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
muteButton</span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt;setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));


volumeControl</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QSlider(Qt::Vertical,<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span>);<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;QSlider(Qt::Vertical,this)创建一个竖直方向的滑动条QSlider控件</span>
volumeControl->setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;volumeControl</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
volumeControl</span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;375</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;240</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;15</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;80</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
volumeControl</span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt;setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));
volumeControl</span>->setRange(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;0</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;100</span>);<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;设置滑动条控件的最小值和最大值</span>
volumeControl ->setValue(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;50</span>);<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;设置初值为50；</span>

seekSlider = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal,this);//QSlider(Qt::Horizontal,this)创建一个水平方向的滑动条QSlider控件
seekSlider -> setGeometry(100,345,200,15);
seekSlider->setObjectName(tr("seekSlider"));
seekSlider -> setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));

addMore </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QPushButton(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
addMore </span>-> setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;295</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;30</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
addMore </span>-> setObjectName(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;addMore</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
addMore</span>->setToolTip(tr(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;添加歌曲</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
addMore </span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt; setCursor(QCursor(Qt::PointingHandCursor));

showMge </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QLabel(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showMge </span>-> setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;34</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;400</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showMge </span>-> setFont(QFont(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;Times</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;10</span>,QFont::Bold));<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;字体使用Times,10号字体，加粗</span>
QPalette pac;<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;创建调色板</span>
pac.setColor(QPalette::WindowText,QColor(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;70</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;80</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;70</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));
showMge </span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt; setPalette(pac);

list </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QListWidget(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
list </span>->setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;360</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;180</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
list </span>-> setFont(QFont(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;Times</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;10</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;,QFont::Bold));
list </span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt; setPalette(pac);
list </span>->setStyleSheet(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;background: rgba(0,0.1);</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);


message </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QLabel(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
message </span>-> setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;140</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
message </span>-> setFont(QFont(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;Times</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span>,QFont::Bold));
message </span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt; setPalette(pac);

showPro </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QLabel(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showPro </span>-> setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;35</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;340</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showPro </span>-> setFont(QFont(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;Times</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span>,QFont::Bold));
showPro </span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt; setPalette(pac);
QTime mov(</span><span style="color: #800080"&gt;0</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;0</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;0</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showPro </span>->setText(mov.toString(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;mm:ss</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;));

showTime </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;new</span> QLabel(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showTime </span>-> setGeometry(<span style="color: #800080"&gt;325</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;20</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;);
showTime </span>-> setFont(QFont(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;Times</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span>,QFont::Bold));
showTime </span>-><span style="color: #000000"&gt; setPalette(pac);
QTime mo(</span><span style="color: #800080"&gt;0</span>,<span style="color: #800080"&gt;0</span>);<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;QTime 提供时间函数给用户使用</span>
showTime ->setText(mo.toString(<span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;mm:ss</span><span style="color: #800000"&gt;"</span>));<span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;显示分：秒</span>

title = new QLabel(this);//设置标题
title -> setGeometry(5,30);
title ->setFont(QFont("Times",15,QFont::Bold));
QPalette pa;
pa.setColor(QPalette::WindowText,QColor(0,0));
title -> setPalette(pa);
title -> setText("MusicPlayer");

</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;//</span><span style="color: #008000"&gt;信号与槽</span>
connect(BtnClose,SIGNAL(clicked(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;bool</span>)),<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;,SLOT(close()));
connect(BtnMin,SIGNAL(clicked(</span><span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;bool</span>)),SLOT(showMinimized()));
connect(addMore,SLOT(addMoremusic()));
connect(BtnPlay,SLOT(playMusic()));
connect (BtnPrev,SLOT(preMusic()));
connect(BtnNext,SLOT(nextMusic()));
connect(muteButton,SLOT(meteOpen()));
connect(volumeControl,SIGNAL(sliderMoved(</span><span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;int</span>)),SLOT(volumChange(<span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;int</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;)));
connect(player,SIGNAL(positionChanged(qint64)),</span><span style="color: #0000ff"&gt;this</span><span style="color: #000000"&gt;,SLOT( positionChange(qint64)));
connect(playPattern,SLOT(musicPlayPattern()));

}

但界面很丑，所以下一步就是加载qss文件，绘制界面样式：

QFile file( -> }

我的qss代码如下（qss和css的语法几乎一模一样）：

QPushButton#playPattern:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#BtnClose:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#BtnClose:focus{padding:- border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#BtnMin:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#BtnMin:focus{padding:- QPushButton#BtnPlay:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ padding:- QPushButton#BtnPrev:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#BtnPrev:focus{padding:- QPushButton#BtnNext:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#BtnNext:focus{padding:- QPushButton#muteButton:! border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ border-image: url(:/image/ QPushButton#muteButton:focus{padding:- background: rgba(, border- QSlider#volumeControl::sub- background: rgba(, border: 0px solid # border- QSlider#volumeControl::add- background:url(:/image/ border: 0px solid # border- border-image:url(:/image/ border: 0px solid # margin-left:- margin-right:- margin-top: - margin-bottom: - border- border-left:- background: rgba(, border- QSlider#seekSlider::sub- background:url(:/image/ border: 0px solid # border- QSlider#seekSlider::add- background: rgba(, border: 0px solid # border- background:url(:/image/ border: 0px solid # border- border- margin- margin-right:- margin-top: - margin-bottom: - border- }

这样样式就已经基本搞定了，只剩下写槽函数来实现具体功能了。

（编辑：李大同）

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