5.属性依赖注入

发布时间：2020-12-14 05:06:23 所属栏目：百科来源：网络整理

导读：依赖注入方式：手动装配和自动装配手动装配：一般进行配置信息都采用手动基于 xml 装配：构造方法、 setter 方法基于注解装配：自动装配： struts 和 spring 整合可以自动装配 byType ：按类型装配 byName ：按名称装配 constructor 构造装配， auto

依赖注入方式：手动装配和自动装配

手动装配：一般进行配置信息都采用手动

基于xml装配：构造方法、setter方法

基于注解装配：

自动装配：struts和spring 整合可以自动装配

byType：按类型装配

byName：按名称装配

constructor构造装配，

auto：不确定装配

1.构造方法

User.java

package com.jd.xml.constructor;

/**
 * @author weihu
 * @date 2018/8/13/013 21:55
 */
public class User {

    private Integer uid;
    private String username;
    private Integer age;

    public User(String username,Integer age) {
        this.username = username;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User(Integer uid,String username) {
        this.uid = uid;
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Integer getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(Integer uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "uid=" + uid +
                ",username=‘" + username + ‘‘‘ +
                ",age=" + age +
                ‘}‘;
    }
}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 构造方法注入 
        * <constructor-arg> 用于配置构造方法一个参数argument
            name ：参数的名称
            value：设置普通数据
            ref：引用数据，一般是另一个bean id值
            
            index ：参数的索引号，从0开始 。如果只有索引，匹配到了多个构造方法时，默认使用第一个。
            type ：确定参数类型
        例如：使用名称name
            <constructor-arg name="username" value="jack"></constructor-arg>
            <constructor-arg name="age" value="18"></constructor-arg>
        例如2：类型type 和  索引 index
            <constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="1"></constructor-arg>
            <constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.Integer" value="2"></constructor-arg>
    -->
    <bean id="userId" class="com.jd.xml.constructor.User" >
        <constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="1"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.Integer" value="2"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
</beans>

TestConstruct.java

package com.jd.xml.constructor;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author weihu
 * @date 2018/8/13/013 21:59
 */
public class TestConstruct {

    @Test
    public void testConstruct(){
        String xmlPath="com/jd/xml/constructor/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        User user = applicationContext.getBean("userId",User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

2.?setter方法

Pserson.java

package com.jd.xml.setter;

/**
 * @author weihu
 * @date 2018/8/13/013 22:02
 */
public class Pserson {

    private String pname;
    private Integer age;

    private Address homeAddr;   //家庭地址
    private Address companyAddr;    //公司地址


    public String getPname() {
        return pname;
    }

    public void setPname(String pname) {
        this.pname = pname;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Address getHomeAddr() {
        return homeAddr;
    }

    public void setHomeAddr(Address homeAddr) {
        this.homeAddr = homeAddr;
    }

    public Address getCompanyAddr() {
        return companyAddr;
    }

    public void setCompanyAddr(Address companyAddr) {
        this.companyAddr = companyAddr;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Pserson{" +
                "pname=‘" + pname + ‘‘‘ +
                ",age=" + age +
                ",homeAddr=" + homeAddr +
                ",companyAddr=" + companyAddr +
                ‘}‘;
    }

}

Address.java

package com.jd.xml.setter;

/**
 * @author weihu
 * @date 2018/8/13/013 22:03
 */
public class Address {

    private String addr;
    private String  tel;

    public String getAddr() {
        return addr;
    }

    public void setAddr(String addr) {
        this.addr = addr;
    }

    public String getTel() {
        return tel;
    }

    public void setTel(String tel) {
        this.tel = tel;
    }
}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <!-- setter方法注入 
        * 普通数据 
            <property name="" value="值">
            等效
            <property name="">
                <value>值
        * 引用数据
            <property name="" ref="另一个bean">
            等效
            <property name="">
                <ref bean="另一个bean"/>
    
    -->
    <bean id="personId" class="com.jd.xml.setter.Pserson">
        <property name="pname" value="湖哥"></property>
        <property name="age">
            <value>28</value>
        </property>

        <property name="homeAddr" ref="homeAddrId"></property>
        <property name="companyAddr">
            <ref bean="companyAddrId"/>
        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="homeAddrId" class="com.jd.xml.setter.Address">
        <property name="addr" value="湖南"></property>
        <property name="tel" value="110"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="companyAddrId" class="com.jd.xml.setter.Address">
        <property name="addr" value="北京"></property>
        <property name="tel" value="120"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

TestSetter.java

package com.jd.xml.setter;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


/**
 * @author weihu
 * @date 2018/8/13/013 22:03
 */
public class TestSetter {

    @Test
    public void testSetter(){
        String xmlPath="com/jd/xml/setter/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        Pserson pserson = applicationContext.getBean("personId",Pserson.class);
        System.out.println(pserson);
    }
}

3.?P命令空间[了解]

l?对“setter方法注入”进行简化，替换<property name="属性名">，而是在

l?p命名空间使用前提，必须添加命名空间

Person.java

package com.jd.xml.pnamespace;

public class Person {
    
    private String pname;
    private Integer age;
    
    private Address homeAddr;        //家庭地址
    private Address companyAddr;    //公司地址
    public String getPname() {
        return pname;
    }
    public void setPname(String pname) {
        this.pname = pname;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public Address getHomeAddr() {
        return homeAddr;
    }
    public void setHomeAddr(Address homeAddr) {
        this.homeAddr = homeAddr;
    }
    public Address getCompanyAddr() {
        return companyAddr;
    }
    public void setCompanyAddr(Address companyAddr) {
        this.companyAddr = companyAddr;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [pname=" + pname + ",age=" + age + ",homeAddr=" + homeAddr + ",companyAddr=" + companyAddr + "]";
    }

    
    
}

Address.java

package com.jd.xml.pnamespace;

public class Address {
    
    private String addr;    //地址信息
    private String tel;        //电话
    
    
    public String getAddr() {
        return addr;
    }
    public void setAddr(String addr) {
        this.addr = addr;
    }
    public String getTel() {
        return tel;
    }
    public void setTel(String tel) {
        this.tel = tel;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address [addr=" + addr + ",tel=" + tel + "]";
    }
    
    

}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="personId" class="com.jd.xml.pnamespace.Person"
        p:pname="禹太璞" p:age="22" 
        p:homeAddr-ref="homeAddrId" p:companyAddr-ref="companyAddrId">
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="homeAddrId" class="com.jd.xml.pnamespace.Address"
        p:addr="DG" p:tel="东莞">
    </bean>
    <bean id="companyAddrId" class="com.jd.xml.pnamespace.Address"
        p:addr="DG" p:tel="岛国">
    </bean>
    
</beans>

TestP.java

package com.jd.xml.pnamespace;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;

public class TestP {
    
    @Test
    public void testPname(){
        //从spring容器获得
        String xmlPath = "com/jd/xml/pnamespace/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        Person person = (Person) applicationContext.getBean("personId");
        
        System.out.println(person);
        
    }

}

4.?SpEL[了解]

l?对<property>进行统一编程，所有的内容都使用value

#{123}、#{‘jack‘} ：数字、字符串

#{beanId} ：另一个bean引用

#{beanId.propName} ：操作数据

#{beanId.toString()} ：执行方法

#{T(类).字段|方法} ：静态方法或字段

Customer.java

package com.jd.xml.spel;

public class Customer {
    
    private String cname = "jack";
    private Double pi ;// = Math.PI;
    public String getCname() {
        return cname;
    }
    public void setCname(String cname) {
        this.cname = cname;
    }
    public Double getPi() {
        return pi;
    }
    public void setPi(Double pi) {
        this.pi = pi;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer [cname=" + cname + ",pi=" + pi + "]";
    }
    

}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 
        <property name="cname" value="#{‘jack‘}"></property>
        <property name="cname" value="#{customerId.cname.toUpperCase()}"></property>
            通过另一个bean，获得属性，调用的方法
        <property name="cname" value="#{customerId.cname?.toUpperCase()}"></property>
            ?.  如果对象不为null，将调用方法
    -->
    <bean id="customerId" class="com.jd.xml.spel.Customer" >
        <property name="cname" value="#{customerId.cname?.toUpperCase()}"></property>
        <property name="pi" value="#{T(java.lang.Math).PI}"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

TestSpEL.java

package com.jd.xml.spel;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestSpEL {
    
    @Test
    public void testSpel() throws Exception{
        //spring 工厂
        String xmlPath = "com/jd/xml/spel/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        Customer customer = (Customer) applicationContext.getBean("customerId");
        System.out.println(customer);
    }

}

5.?集合注入

CollData.java

package com.jd.xml.coll;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;

public class CollData {
    
    private String[] arrayData;
    private List<String> listData;
    private Set<String> setData;
    private Map<String,String> mapData;
    private Properties propsData;
    public String[] getArrayData() {
        return arrayData;
    }
    public void setArrayData(String[] arrayData) {
        this.arrayData = arrayData;
    }
    public List<String> getListData() {
        return listData;
    }
    public void setListData(List<String> listData) {
        this.listData = listData;
    }
    public Set<String> getSetData() {
        return setData;
    }
    public void setSetData(Set<String> setData) {
        this.setData = setData;
    }
    public Map<String,String> getMapData() {
        return mapData;
    }
    public void setMapData(Map<String,String> mapData) {
        this.mapData = mapData;
    }
    public Properties getPropsData() {
        return propsData;
    }
    public void setPropsData(Properties propsData) {
        this.propsData = propsData;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "CollData [narrayData=" + Arrays.toString(arrayData) + ",nlistData=" + listData + ",nsetData=" + setData + ",nmapData=" + mapData + ",npropsData=" + propsData + "n]";
    }
    
    
}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 
        集合的注入都是给<property>添加子标签
            数组：<array>
            List：<list>
            Set：<set>
            Map：<map> ，map存放k/v 键值对，使用<entry>描述
            Properties：<props>  <prop key=""></prop>  【】
            
        普通数据：<value>
        引用数据：<ref>
    -->
    <bean id="collDataId" class="com.jd.xml.coll.CollData" >
        <property name="arrayData">
            <array>
                <value>DS</value>
                <value>DZD</value>
                <value>屌丝</value>
                <value>屌中屌</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        
        <property name="listData">
            <list>
                <value>于嵩楠</value>
                <value>曾卫</value>
                <value>杨煜</value>
                <value>曾小贤</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        
        <property name="setData">
            <set>
                <value>停封</value>
                <value>薄纸</value>
                <value>关系</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        
        <property name="mapData">
            <map>
                <entry key="jack" value="杰克"></entry>
                <entry>
                    <key><value>rose</value></key>
                    <value>肉丝</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        
        <property name="propsData">
            <props>
                <prop key="高富帅">嫐</prop>
                <prop key="白富美">嬲</prop>
                <prop key="男屌丝">挊</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

TestColl.java

package com.jd.xml.coll;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestColl {
    
    @Test
    public void testColl() throws Exception{
        //spring 工厂
        String xmlPath = "com/jd/xml/coll/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        CollData collData = (CollData) applicationContext.getBean("collDataId");
        System.out.println(collData);
    }

}

（编辑：李大同）

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