Swift字典

//
//  main.swift
//  Swift字典
//
//  Created by Goddog on 15/6/25.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 Goddog. All rights reserved.
//

import Foundation

//声明和创建字典
//使用泛型语句声明字典
var myDict : Dictionary<String,String>
//用简化语句声明字典
var scores : [String : Int]
var health : [String : String]

//使用构造器创建字典
//创建一个Dictionary结构体，使用默认的参数
myDict = Dictionary<String,String>()
scores = Dictionary<String,Int>(minimumCapacity: 5)

//使用简化语法创建字典
health = ["身高":"178","体重":"65","形象":"帅气"]
println(health)
var emptyDict : [String:Double] = [:]
println(emptyDict.isEmpty)

//使用字典
var height = health["身高"]
println(height)
var noExist = health["没有哦"]
println(noExist)

//指定key对应的value
health["形象"] = "极佳"
println(health)

//对不存在的key设置value
scores["JAVA"] = 90
scores["PHP"] = 80
scores["Object-c"] = 99
println(scores)

//由于字典根据key访问value返回的是包含value的可选类型，对字典返回的value使用感叹号进行强制解析
var myScore : Int? = scores["计算机"]
if myScore != nil
{
    println("计算机成绩是：(myScore!)")
}


var result = scores.updateValue(20,forKey: "JAVA")
println(result)
println(scores)

//使用for - in 遍历字典
var seasons = ["spring":"春天花会开","summer":"夏天夏天悄悄","autumn":"秋天不回来","winter":"冬天里一把火"]
for (season,desc) in seasons
{
    println("(season)--->(desc)")
}

//单独使用字典的key和values
//将所有seasons的所以key和values包装成各自的Array集合
var keys = Array(seasons.keys)
var values = Array(seasons.values)
println("key集合是：(keys)")
println("values集合是：(values)")

//字典的可变性和字典的修改

var languages = ["Swift":100,"Android":98,"PHP":97,"Go":79,"Perl":68,"Ruby":87,"OC":88]

//添加、修改key-value对
languages.updateValue(80,forKey: "Hbase")
//删除key - value对
languages.removeValueForKey("OC")   //删除
println(languages)

[体重: 65,形象: 帅气,身高: 178]
true
Optional("178")
nil
[体重: 65,形象: 极佳,身高: 178]
[Object-c: 99,PHP: 80,JAVA: 90]
Optional(90)
[Object-c: 99,JAVA: 20]
summer--->夏天夏天悄悄
spring--->春天花会开
winter--->冬天里一把火
autumn--->秋天不回来
key集合是：[summer,spring,winter,autumn]
values集合是：[夏天夏天悄悄,春天花会开,冬天里一把火,秋天不回来]
[PHP: 97,Go: 79,Perl: 68,Hbase: 80,Swift: 100,Android: 98,Ruby: 87]
Program ended with exit code: 0

（编辑：李大同）

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