postgresql记录

安装源

yum localinstall http://yum.postgresql.org/9.4/redhat/rhel-6-x86_64/pgdg-centos94-9.4-1.noarch.rpm

安装数据库

yum install postgresql94-server postgresql94-contrib

初始化数据库

service postgresql-9.4 initdb

启动数据库

service postgresql-9.4 start

加入开机启动

chkconfig postgresql-9.4 on

切换账户

su - postgres

进入数据库

psql

修改密码

ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'postgres';
select * from pg_shadow ;

退出数据库

q

访问远程连接 vi /var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data/postgresql.conf 把listen_addresses = 'localhost' 改成 listen_addresses = '*'

vi /var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data/pg_hba.conf 在ipv4段添加 host all all 0.0.0.0/32 md5

大表

CREATE TABLE student (student_id bigserial,name varchar(32),score smallint) ;

分区表

CREATE TABLE student_qualified (CHECK (score >= 60 )) INHERITS (student) ;
CREATE TABLE student_nqualified (CHECK (score < 60)) INHERITS (student) ;

索引

create index student_qualified_score_index on student_qualified (score);
create index student_nqualified_score_index on student_nqualified (score);

唯一约束

ALTER TABLE student_qualified ADD CONSTRAINT student_qualified_score_unique UNIQUE (score);
ALTER TABLE student_nqualified ADD CONSTRAINT student_nqualified_score_unique UNIQUE (score);

插入规则

CREATE OR REPLACE RULE insert_student_qualified 
AS ON INSERT TO student 
       WHERE score >= 60
       DO INSTEAD
       INSERT INTO student_qualified VALUES(NEW.*);

CREATE OR REPLACE RULE insert_student_nqualified 
AS ON INSERT TO student 
       WHERE score < 60
       DO INSTEAD
       INSERT INTO student_nqualified VALUES(NEW.*);

插入数据

INSERT INTO student (name,score) VALUES('Jim',77);
INSERT INTO student (name,score) VALUES('Frank',56);
INSERT INTO student (name,score) VALUES('Bean',88);
INSERT INTO student (name,score) VALUES('John',47);
INSERT INTO student (name,score) VALUES('Albert','87');
INSERT INTO student (name,score) VALUES('Joey','60');

查看分区表数据

SELECT p.relname,c.tableoid,c.* FROM student c,pg_class p WHERE c.tableoid = p.oid

约束排除 cat /var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data/postgresql.conf | grep constraint_exclusion

#constraint_exclusion = partition	# on,off,or partition

打开约束排除 constraint_exclusion = partition # on,or partition

备份还原

$ PGPASSWORD="12357" pg_restore -U postgres -d db  < pgsql.sql
$ PGPASSWORD="12357" pg_dump -U postgres -Fc db  > pgsql.sql

参考 http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-24774106-id-3887099.html

（编辑：李大同）

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