OCI连接oracle 12C

注册CSDN也好几年了，一直都没写过博客，今天就写一个吧。好了言归正传，由于公司业务的需要从windows平台转到linux下，之前呢，也没怎么接触过linux服务端的编程，只好硬着头皮上了。

本人用的系统是ubuntu 16.04，开发工具呢，选来选去，感觉还是Eclipse好用。数据库当然就是oracle 12C了。

首先呢，去oracle官网下载必要的软件包，下载地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html，帐号就自己注册一个吧。

1.oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

2.oracle-instantclient12.1-devel-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

3.oracle-instantclient12.1-odbc-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

4.oracle-instantclient12.1-sqlplus-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

然后安装这几个包：

alien -i oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

.

.

.

依次安装，中途没有遇到什么问题。

然后测试一下是不是能远程连接oracle了，我是64位系统，所以是sqlplus64

sqlplus64 username/password@192.168.1.222/数据库实例名

能成功连接的话，说明安装成功了，接着开始编程吧

代码参考的：http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/380262703，然后自己修改了一些，谢谢各位的帮忙了

库目录的默认路径：/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib

头文件的默认路径：/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client64

/*************************
编译语句
gcc -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -I${ORACLE_HOME}/rdbms/public -I${ORACLE_HOME}/rdbms/demo -L${ORACLE_HOME}/lib -lclntsh  test1.c

OCI重定义数据类型：

typedef unsigned     char         ub1;
typedef signed     char         sb1;
typedef unsigned     short     ub2;
typedef signed     short     sb2;
typedef unsigned     int         ub4;
typedef signed     int         sb4;
typedef ub4                     duword;
typedef sb4                     dsword;
typedef dsword                 dword;

*************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <oci.h>

/*user name and password*/
static text* username=(text *)"dma";
static text* password=(text *)"123456";
static text* oracle=(text *)"192.168.1.135/orcl";

/* Define SQL statements to be used in program. */
static text* SQL=(text *)"insert into company(companyid,companyname) values (:1,:2)";

/*handle define*/
static OCIEnv             *p_env;                                        //OCI environment handle
static OCIError         *p_err;                                        //OCI error handle
static OCISvcCtx        *p_svc;                                        //OCI service context handel
static OCIServer        *p_ser;                                        //OCI server handle
static OCISession        *p_usr;                                        //OCI user session handle
static OCIStmt            *p_sql;                                        //OCI statement handle
static OCIDefine        *p_dfn = (OCIDefine *)NULL;            //OCI define handle
static OCIBind            *p_bnd = (OCIBind *)NULL;                //OCI bind handle


/*create OCI environment*/
int create_env()
{
    int swResult;            //Return value
    if(swResult = OCIEnvCreate(&p_env,OCI_DEFAULT,NULL,NULL))
        {
            printf("environment create error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("environment create success!nn");
            return 0;
        }
}

/*init handle*/
int init_handle()
{
    int swResult;
    if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_ser,OCI_HTYPE_SERVER,NULL))    //服务器句柄
        {
            printf("init server handle error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("init server handle success!nn");
        }

    if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_err,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR,NULL))    //错误句柄
        {
            printf("init error handle error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("init error handle success!nn");
        }
    if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_usr,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,NULL))    //事务句柄
        {
            printf("init session handle error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("init session handle success!nn");
        }
    if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_svc,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,NULL))    //上下文句柄
        {
            printf("init service context handle error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("init service context handel success!nn");
        }
    if(swResult = OCIHandleAlloc(p_env,(dvoid *)&p_sql,OCI_HTYPE_STMT,NULL))        //SQL语句句柄
        {
            printf("init statement handle error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("init statement handle success!nn");
        }
    return 0;
}

/*connect server*/
int conn_server()
{
    int swResult;
    if(swResult = OCILogon(p_env,p_err,&p_svc,(text *)username,strlen(username),(text *)password,strlen(password),(text *)oracle,strlen(oracle)))
        {
            printf("connect error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        printf("connect success!nn");
    return 0;
}

/*SQL statements*/
int oci_exec()
{
    int swResult;
    //准备SQL语句
    if(swResult = OCIStmtPrepare(p_sql,SQL,strlen(SQL),OCI_NTV_SYNTAX,OCI_DEFAULT))
        {
            printf("prepare SQL statements error!nn");
        }
    else
        {
            printf("prepare SQL statements success!nn");
        }

    //设置绑定变量
    int getId ;
    char getName[10];

    OCIBind     *p_bndp1 = NULL;
    OCIBind     *p_bndp2 = NULL;

    printf("输入ID,NAME:n");
    scanf("%d %s",&getId,getName);

    if(swResult = OCIBindByPos(p_sql,&p_bndp1,1,(dvoid *)&getId,(sb4)sizeof(getId),SQLT_INT,OCI_DEFAULT))
        {
            printf("Bind p1 error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("bind success!nn");
        }

    if(swResult = OCIBindByPos(p_sql,&p_bndp2,2,&getName,(sb4)sizeof(getName),SQLT_STR,(dvoid *) 0,(ub2 *) 0,(ub4) 0,(ub4 *) 0,OCI_DEFAULT))
        {
            printf("Bind p2 error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("bind success!nn");
        }


    //执行SQL statements
    if(swResult = OCIStmtExecute(p_svc,p_sql,OCI_DEFAULT))
        {
            printf("execute SQL statement error!nn");
            return -1;
        }
    else
        {
            printf("execute SQL statement success!nn");
        }
    return 0;
}


/*quit server*/
void quit_server()
{
    OCILogoff(p_svc,p_err);
    printf("Quit success!n");
}

/*free handle*/
void free_handle()
{
    OCIHandleFree(p_ser,OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);            //释放服务器句柄
    OCIHandleFree(p_err,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);            //释放错误句柄
    OCIHandleFree(p_usr,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION);        //释放事务句柄
    OCIHandleFree(p_svc,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);            //释放上下文句柄
    OCIHandleFree(p_sql,OCI_HTYPE_STMT);            //释放SQL语句句柄
}

int main()
{
    if(create_env() == -1)                //创建环境
        return -1;
    if(init_handle() == -1)                //初始化句柄
        return -1;
    if(conn_server() == -1)                //连接数据库
        return -1;
    if(oci_exec() == -1)
        return -1;
    quit_server();                            //退出数据库
    free_handle();                            //释放句柄
    return 0;
}

这里要感谢google，遇到问题多思考，总会解决的！

（编辑：李大同）

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