ORACLE 11g 用Duplicate恢复Data Guard 备库详细过程

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/control01.ctl

/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery/powerdes/control02.ctl

SQL>

2、准备控制文件备份文件

在主库上备份当前的控制文件，记得生成的备份文件要在执行全备之前生成，而且命令行也是带for standby字样的backup current controlfile for standby format'/home/oracle/ctlfile.bak'才行，也可以手动提前生成。

RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/home/oracle/ctlfile.bak';

Starting backup at 2016-11-23 21:20:41

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including standby control file in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2016-11-23 21:20:42

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2016-11-23 21:20:43

piece handle=/home/oracle/ctlfile.bak tag=TAG20161123T212041 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete,elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2016-11-23 21:20:43

RMAN>

然后等备份任务结束后，在主库上，将备份前生成的控制文件、最近的一份备份文件到备库的相同目录：

scp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/control01.ctl 192.168.3.112:/home/oracle/

scp -r /data/backup/data/2016-11-23 192.168.3.112:/home/oracle/

3、检查主库备库环境

获取备库的tns：（我的是earth_m2）

cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

earth_m2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.112)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = powerdes)

)

)

（1）查看主库备库SID名字是否统一，这个很重要

# 备库：

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_112 data]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

powerdes

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_112 data]$

# 主库：

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_111 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

powerdes

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_111 ~]$

（2）查看主库备份传输密码是否一致：

# 备库：

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_112 dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_112 dbs]$ strings orapwpowerdes

][Z

ORACLE Remote Password file

INTERNAL

89F7167638478F13

0Cv#

B6E56CBCA47429E2

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_112 dbs]$

# 主库：

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_111 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_111 dbs]$ strings orapwpowerdes

][Z

ORACLE Remote Password file

INTERNAL

89F7167638478F13

0Cv#

B6E56CBCA47429E2

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_111 dbs]$

4、启动备库到nomount状态

在备库上，直接copy覆盖控制文件

cp /home/oracle/ctlfile.bak /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/control01.ctl

cp /home/oracle/ctlfile.bak /oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery/powerdes/control02.ctl

然后启动到nomount状态

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 8551575552 bytes

Fixed Size 2270360 bytes

Variable Size 7247760232 bytes

Database Buffers 1291845632 bytes

Redo Buffers 9699328 bytes

SQL>

5、使用duplicate恢复备库

在主库上，使用rman登录远程备库earth_m2

[oracle@t1_dbm1_3_111 ~]$ rlwrap rman target / auxiliary sys/04181123@earth_m2

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Nov 23 20:05:54 2016

Copyright (c) 1982,2011,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: POWERDES (DBID=3481287162)

connected to auxiliary database: POWERDES (not mounted)

RMAN>

在rman命令行里面执行恢复命令：

run {
allocate auxiliary channel c1 devicetype disk;
allocate auxiliary channel c2 devicetype disk;
duplicate target database for standbynofilenamecheck dorecover;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
#nofilenamecheck：必须指定NOFILENAMECHECK参数，避免覆盖primary数据库的当前的数据文件。另外主从路径一致，不需要执行文件路径以及check了
#release ：这是关闭 前两行开启的通道

执行过程比较漫长，屏幕滚动信息比较多，这里不贴出来了，省略过……

执行命令后，需要很长时间，需要等待，因为需要写入文件到备库的数据文件目录里面，找个时候，在备库的alert log后台有如下记录日志，表明正在写数据文件：

Full restore complete of datafile 4 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/users01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:00

checkpoint is 32945676

last deallocation scn is 3

Wed Nov 23 20:14:42 2016

Full restore complete of datafile 3 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/undotbs01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:05

checkpoint is 32945676

last deallocation scn is 32897307

Undo Optimization current scn is 32934775

Wed Nov 23 20:15:50 2016

Full restore complete of datafile 5 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/example01.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:01:18

checkpoint is 32945676

last deallocation scn is 32806636

…………

6、ORA-01152:问题

最后rman命令行里面duplicate命令执行完，窗口界面上有如下报错信息:

Signalling error 1152 for datafile 1!

Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/earth_m2/powerdes/trace/powerdes_pr00_4069.trc:

ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below

ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/powerdes/system01.dbf'

ORA-1547 signalled during: alter database recover cancel...

^C

有报错没有关系，接下来直接开始应用日志，启动归档日志传输，通过应用归档日志来保证主备数据的一致性：

# 先开始启动传输开始应用日志

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL># 实时观察应用日志状态

SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log order by sequence# asc;

……

SEQUENCE# APPLIED

---------- ---------

2334 YES

2335 YES

2301 rows selected.

SQL> # 等观察应用日志结束后，退出日志传输

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Database altered.

SQL> # 将备库从mount启动到open状态

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> # 查看备库状态，就会变成READ ONLY

SQL> select database_role,open_mode from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE

---------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY

SQL> # 然后再次启动日志应用

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> # 查看open_mode，有了READ ONLY WITH APPLY字样，OK

SQL> select database_role,open_mode from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE

---------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY

SQL>

至此，Data Guard备库修复完成，如果遇到了ORA-01152问题，不需要慌张，可以试试应用日志来恢复数据。

（编辑：李大同）

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