asm

---创建asm实例
[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$sqlplus/assysdba
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2209:48:032017
Copyright(c)1982,2009,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
Connectedtoanidleinstance.

SQL>startup
ORACLEinstancestarted.
TotalSystemGlobalArea129724416bytes
FixedSize1334996bytes
VariableSize113246508bytes
DatabaseBuffers8388608bytes
RedoBuffers6754304bytes
Databasemounted.
DatabaSEOpened.

---查看当前数据库文件的形式
SQL>selectnamefromv$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/example01.dbf

SQL>selectnamefromv$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/control02.ctl
/home/oracle/control03.ctl

SQL>selectmemberfromv$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo01.log

SQL>selectnamefromv$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/temp01.dbf

--都是文件系统形式
---用rman进行拷贝文件（以asm的形式），需要asm实例的支持
---在grid命令下
---./asmca

--1、确定归档时开着的
SQL>archiveloglist
DatabaselogmodeArchiveMode
AutomaticarchivalEnabled
Archivedestination/home/oracle/arch
Oldestonlinelogsequence24
Nextlogsequencetoarchive26
Currentlogsequence26

--2、copy文件系统文件格式为asm
[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$echo$ORACLE_SID
PROD4
[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$rmantarget/
RecoveryManager:Release11.2.0.1.0-ProductiononThuJun2209:59:382017
Copyright(c)1982,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.
connectedtotargetdatabase:PROD4(DBID=1612213667)
RMAN>BACKUPascopydatabaseformat'+DATA';
RMAN-03009:failureofbackupcommandonORA_DISK_1channelat06/25/201714:04:09
ORA-19602:cannotbackuporcopyactivefileinNOARCHIVELOGmode---归档没有开

SQL>archiveloglist;
DatabaselogmodeNoArchiveMode
AutomaticarchivalDisabled
Archivedestination/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch
Oldestonlinelogsequence5
Currentlogsequence

SQL>shutdownimmediate
SQL>startupmount
SQL>altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arch';---目录创建好
SQL>alterdatabasearchivelog;
SQL>archiveloglist;
SQL>alterdatabaSEOpen;
RMAN>BACKUPascopydatabaseformat'+DATA';
.........
Finishedbackupat22-JUN-17

--只会复制.dbf，不会复制temp.dbf的文件

--进到asmcmd里面查看是否copy成功
[oracle@edsir1p8-+ASM~]$echo$ORACLE_SID
+ASM
[oracle@edsir1p8-+ASM~]$asmcmd
ASMCMD>ls
DATA/
DATA3/
ASMCMD>cdDATA
ASMCMD>ls
ASM/
PROD4/
ASMCMD>cdPROD4
ASMCMD>ls
BACKUPSET/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ASMCMD>cddatafile
ASMCMD>ls
EXAMPLE.259.947325847
SYSAUX.256.947325777
SYSTEM.257.947325691
UNDOTBS1.258.947325823
USERS.261.947325859
ASMCMD>pwd
+DATA/PROD4/datafile--需要用到
ASMCMD>cd..
ASMCMD>ls
BACKUPSET/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ASMCMD>cdcontrolfile
ASMCMD>pwd
+data/prod4/controlfile---参数文件里需要指定他的位置
ASMCMD>ls
Backup.260.947325855

--创建一个表，模拟数据库在变化
--prod4操作：
SQL>createtablet1asselect*fromdba_objects;
Tablecreated.

---切归档
SQL>altersystemswitchlogfile;
Systemaltered.

--指定控制文件，控制文件指向各种文件
--改参数文件，以这个文件启动数据库到mount
[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$vibb.ora
*.control_files='+data/prod4/controlfile/Backup.260.947325855'

[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$exportORACLE_SID=p4--(随便的名字）
---只要文件对，用什么实例都能连进去

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$sqlplus/assysdba
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2210:30:272017
Copyright(c)1982,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
Connectedtoanidleinstance

SQL>startupmountpfile='/home/oralce/p4.ora';
LRM-00109:couldnotopenparameterfile'/home/oralce/p4.ora'
ORA-01078:failureinprocessingsystemparameters

--原因：
[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid

--解决：
[root@edsir1p8~]#su-oracle

[oracle@edsir1p8-~]$exportORACLE_SID=p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_SID
p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$sqlplus/assysdba
-bash:sqlplus:commandnotfound

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$.oraenvPROD4
ORACLE_SID=[p4]?
TheOraclebaseforORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1is/u01/app/oracle

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[p4]?PROD4
TheOraclebaseforORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1is/u01/app/oracle

[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$exportORACLE_SID=p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_SID
p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$sqlplus/assysdba
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2211:04:002017
Copyright(c)1982,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
Connectedtoanidleinstance.

SQL>startupmountpfile='/home/oracle/p4.ora';
ORACLEinstancestarted.
TotalSystemGlobalArea129724416bytes
FixedSize1334996bytes
VariableSize83886380bytes
DatabaseBuffers37748736bytes
RedoBuffers6754304bytes
ORA-01102:cannotmountdatabaseinexclusivemode---单机只能有一个实例去开启一个文件

----通过删文件解决
[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4dbs]$pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4dbs]$rm-frlkPROD4--这个会把实例锁起来

SQL>selectnamefromv$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/example01.dbf

--在rman里改
[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_SID
p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

--从备份中拷贝
RMAN>catalogstartwith'+data';--将DATA备份集恢复

---做文件的路径修改
RMAN>switchdatabasetocopy;
datafile1switchedtodatafilecopy"+DATA/prod4/datafile/system.257.947325691"
datafile2switchedtodatafilecopy"+DATA/prod4/datafile/sysaux.256.947325777"
datafile3switchedtodatafilecopy"+DATA/prod4/datafile/undotbs1.258.947325823"
datafile4switchedtodatafilecopy"+DATA/prod4/datafile/users.261.947325859"
datafile5switchedtodatafilecopy"+DATA/prod4/datafile/example.259.947325847"

--数据库恢复，--会把归档里的内容做一遍
RMAN>recoverdatabase;

SQL>selectnamefromv$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/prod4/datafile/system.257.947325691
+DATA/prod4/datafile/sysaux.256.947325777
+DATA/prod4/datafile/undotbs1.258.947325823
+DATA/prod4/datafile/users.261.947325859
+DATA/prod4/datafile/example.259.947325847

---然后关生产库
[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[p4]?PROD4
TheOraclebaseforORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1is/u01/app/oracle
[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$sqlplus/assysdba
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2211:20:072017
Copyright(c)1982,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.1.0-Production
WiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>shutdownimmediate;---注意关的位置，在openp4之前

[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4~]$exportORACLE_SID=p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$echo$ORACLE_SID
p4

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4~]$sqlplus/assysdba
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2211:21:182017
Copyright(c)1982,AutomaticStorageManagement,DataMining
andRealApplicationTestingoptions

SQL>alterdatabaSEOpen;
alterdatabaSEOpen
*
ERRORatline1:
ORA-01589:mustuseRESETLOGSorNORESETLOGSoptionfordatabaSEOpen

SQL>alterdatabaSEOpenresetlogs;
Databasealtered.

SQL>selectnamefromv$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/prod4/datafile/system.257.947325691
+DATA/prod4/datafile/sysaux.256.947325777
+DATA/prod4/datafile/undotbs1.258.947325823
+DATA/prod4/datafile/users.261.947325859
+DATA/prod4/datafile/example.259.947325847

SQL>selectnamefromv$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/prod4/controlfile/backup.260.947325855

SQL>selectmemberfromv$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo01.log
-----还不是

--1.添加redo日志
SQL>alterdatabaseaddlogfilemember'+data'togroup1;
Databasealtered.

SQL>alterdatabaseaddlogfilemember'+data'togroup2;

Databasealtered.
SQL>alterdatabaseaddlogfilemember'+data'togroup3;

Databasealtered

--2.切换日志
SQL>altersystemswitchlogfile;

Systemaltered.
SQL>/

Systemaltered.
SQL>/
Systemaltered.

--3、删除就的redo
SQL>alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo01.log';
alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo01.log'
*
ERRORatline1:
ORA-00362:memberisrequiredtoformavalidlogfileingroup1
ORA-01517:logmember:'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo01.log'

---是因为没有切日志
SQL>alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo01.log';
Databasealtered.

SQL>alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo02.log';
alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo02.log'
*
ERRORatline1:
ORA-01609:log2isthecurrentlogforthread1-cannotdropmembers
ORA-00312:onlinelog2thread1:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo02.log'
ORA-00312:onlinelog2thread1:'+DATA/prod4/onlinelog/group_2.264.947330771'

--解决：
--当前的redo，不能删，切
SQL>altersystemswitchlogfile;
Systemaltered.

SQL>alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo02.log';
Databasealtered.

SQL>alterdatabasedroplogfilemember'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/redo03.log';
Databasealtered.

--查看redolog
SQL>selectmemberfromv$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/prod4/onlinelog/group_1.263.947330761
+DATA/prod4/onlinelog/group_2.264.947330771
+DATA/prod4/onlinelog/group_3.265.947330777

--解决tmp.dbf
SQL>altertablespacetempaddtempfile'+DATA'size20M;
Tablespacealtered.

SQL>altertablespacetempdroptempfile'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD4/PROD4/temp
01.dbf';
Tablespacealtered.
--查看tempfile

SQL>selectnamefromv$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/prod4/tempfile/temp.266.947331451
--查看创建的表是否存在
selectcount(*)fromt1;

SQL>createspfilefrommemory;
Filecreated.

--关数据库
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
[oracle@edsir1p8-p4db_1]$cddbs

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4dbs]$ls
hc_DBUA0.datinit.oraorapwEMREPpeshm_EMREP_0spfilePROD4.ora
hc_EMREP.datinitPROD4.oraorapwPROD4peshm_PROD4_0
hc_p4.datlkEMREPpeshm__0spfileEMREP.ora
hc_PROD4.datlkPROD4peshm_DBUA0_0spfilep4.ora
--一定注意PROD4的实例关掉

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4dbs]$mvspfilePROD4.oraspfilePROD4.ora.bak

--p4实例关掉
[oracle@edsir1p8-p4dbs]$mvspfilep4.oraspfilePROD4.ora

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4dbs]$pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@edsir1p8-p4dbs]$.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[p4]?PROD4
TheOraclebaseforORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1is/u01/app/oracle

[oracle@edsir1p8-PROD4dbs]$sqlplus/assysdba
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2211:43:472017
Copyright(c)1982,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
Connectedtoanidleinstance.

SQL>startup
ORACLEinstancestarted.
TotalSystemGlobalArea129724416bytes
FixedSize1334996bytes
VariableSize100663596bytes
DatabaseBuffers20971520bytes
RedoBuffers6754304bytes
Databasemounted.
DatabaSEOpened.

--重新再查一遍
-----注意实例别用混了
SQL>showparametercontrol
NAMETYPEVALUE
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
_optimizer_extended_stats_usage_continteger224
rol
_optimizer_join_order_controlinteger3
control_file_record_keep_timeinteger7
control_filesstring+DATA/prod4/controlfile/backup
.260.947325855
control_management_pack_accessstringDIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
SQL>selectnamefromv$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/prod4/controlfile/backup.260.947325855
注意：在操作之前该关闭的要关闭，否则会报内部错误

（编辑：李大同）

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