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一个oracle 用户下面创建多个实例

发布时间：2020-12-12 14:22:22 所属栏目：百科 来源：网络整理
导读：前言 本文主要介绍了同一个oracle用户下面如何重建多个oracle实例。本文的测试环境为redhat 5.4，但该方法适应用大部分unix系统（aix、hp-ux、suse linux等），本人也在AIX 5.3系统上面实践过，通过此方法创建实例不存在任何问题。 一、环境介绍 系统：rhel

前言

本文主要介绍了同一个oracle用户下面如何重建多个oracle实例。本文的测试环境为redhat 5.4，但该方法适应用大部分unix系统（aix、hp-ux、suse linux等），本人也在AIX 5.3系统上面实践过，通过此方法创建实例不存在任何问题。

一、环境介绍

系统：rhel 5.4

oracle版本：10.2.0.1

原实例：

用户：oracle

oracle sid: orcl

oracle_base:/oracle/inst1

oracle_home:/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1

数据文件：/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl

参数文件：/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs

控制文件：/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl

归档路径：/oracle/inst1/arch/orcl

新实例：

用户：oracle

oracle sid: orcl3

oracle home:/oracle/inst1/ product/10.2.0/db_1

oracle_base:/oracle/inst1

oracle_home:/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1

数据文件：/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3

参数文件：/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs

控制文件：/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3

归档路径：/oracle/inst1/arch/orcl3

二、设置用户环境变量

说明：这里我们把新的oracle sid加到用户的配置文件中（.bash_profile），其实不加入也没关系，加入只是为了便于其他管理和维护人员能够更好的理解和维护。

添加新的实例的SID

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

TMP=/tmp;

export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP;

export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/inst1;

export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1;

export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl;

ORACLE_SID=orcl3;

export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm;

export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;

export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;

export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

export CLASSPATH

unset USERNAME

注意：oracle sid环境变量为默认的环境变量，即默认环境变量为orcl3，配置文件中放在后面的设置会覆盖前面的设置。

用Xmanager连接到服务器上。Su – oracle

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]# su – oracle

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$dbca 创建2个数据库

三、创建新实例的参数文件

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$ ls

hc_orcl2.dat initdw.ora initorcl.ora lkORCL2 orapworcl2 spfileorcl.ora

hc_orcl.dat init.ora lkORCL orapworcl spfileorcl2.ora

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$ pwd

/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$ cp initorcl.ora initorcl3.ora

注：这里我们通过拷贝原实例参数文件的方法进行创建，然后再进行修改。

修改新实例的参数文件

orcl.__db_cache_size=184549376

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__shared_pool_size=88080384

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_files='/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/control01.ctl','/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/control02.ctl','/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='orcl3'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/inst1/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/inst1/arch/orcl3'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=285212672

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/udump'

创建新实例的相关目录：

[oracle@10.14.54.199 ~]$ cd /oracle/inst1/admin/

[oracle@10.14.54.199 admin]$ mkdir orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 admin]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 admin]$ cd orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 orcl3]$ mkdir adump bdump cdump udump

[oracle@10.14.54.199 orcl3]$ cd /oracle/inst1/oradata/

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ mkdir orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ pwd

/oracle/inst1/oradata

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ cd ..

[oracle@10.14.54.199 inst1]$ ls

admin arch database flash_recovery_area libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm oradata oraInventory product

[oracle@10.14.54.199 inst1]$ cd arch

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ ls

orcl orcl2

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ mkdir orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

启动实例测试

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 5 17:46:40 2012

Copyright (c) 1982,2005,Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba;

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes

Fixed Size 1218992 bytes

Variable Size 92276304 bytes

Database Buffers 188743680 bytes

Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

orcl3

创建密码文件：

oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ orapwd file=/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl3 password=oracle entries=10;

四、创建数据库

4.1、编写数据库创建脚本

下面为创建数据库的脚本：

CREATE DATABASE orcl3
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY manager
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/redo01.log') SIZE 20M,
GROUP 2 ('/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/redo02.log') SIZE 20M,
GROUP 3 ('/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/redo03.log') SIZE 20M
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
DATAFILE '/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE tbs_1 datafile '/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/tbs_1.dbf' size 50m
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
TEMPFILE '/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
DATAFILE '/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

/

4.2、创建数据库

4.3、验证是否创建成功

查询数据库状态

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SQL>

4.4、运行后续脚本，创建数据字典及相关视图

SQL>conn sys as sysdba

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;

此过程可能需要10分钟左右

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;

此过程可能需要15分钟左右

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb;

SQL>conn system/oracle

SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql

五、客户端连接

5.1、监听文件配置（listener.ora）

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orcl)

)

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl3)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orcl3)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.14.54.199)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

5.2、本地服务名称配置（tnsnames.ora）

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.14.54.199)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

ORCL2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.14.54.199)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl2)

)

)

ORCL3 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.14.54.199)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl3)

)

)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

)

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