ScriptManager控件

发布时间：2020-12-17 02:43:15 所属栏目：安全来源：网络整理

导读：ScriptManager 控件包括在ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX Extensions中，它用来处理页面上的所有组件以及页面局部更新，生成相关的客户端代理脚本以便能够在JavaScript中访问Web Service，所有需要支持ASP.NET AJAX的ASP.NET页面上有且只能有一个ScriptManager控件。在Scr

ScriptManager 控件包括在ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX Extensions中，它用来处理页面上的所有组件以及页面局部更新，生成相关的客户端代理脚本以便能够在JavaScript中访问Web Service，所有需要支持ASP.NET AJAX的ASP.NET页面上有且只能有一个ScriptManager控件。在ScriptManager控件中我们可以指定需要的脚本库，或者指定通过JS来调用的Web Service，以及调用AuthenticationService和ProfileService，还有页面错误处理等。

主要内容

1 ．控件概述

2 ．一个简单的示例

3 ．客户端脚本模式

4 ．错误处理

5 ．Services属性

6 ．Scripts属性

一．控件概述

使用<asp:ScriptManager/>来定义一个ScriptManager，简单的ScriptManager定义形式：

< asp:ScriptManager? ID ="ScriptManager1" ?

???????????????????runat ="server" >

?????? < AuthenticationService? Path =""? />

?????? < ProfileService? LoadProperties ="" ?Path =""? />

?????? < Scripts >

????????<asp:ScriptReference/>

?????? </ Scripts >

?????? < Services >

???????? < asp:ServiceReference? />

?????? </ Services >

</ asp:ScriptManager >

ScriptManager 属性和方法如下：

属性/方法	描述
AllowCustomError	和Web.config中的自定义错误配置区<customErrors>相联系，是否使用它，默认值为true
AsyncPostBackErrorMessage	异步回传发生错误时的自定义提示错误信息，
AsyncPostBackTimeout	异步回传时超时限制，默认值为90，单位为秒
EnablePartialRendering	是否支持页面的局部更新，默认值为True，一般不需要修改
ScriptMode	指定ScriptManager发送到客户端的脚本的模式，有四种模式：Auto，Inherit，Debug，Release，默认值为Auto，后面会仔细说到。
ScriptPath	设置所有的脚本块的根目录，作为全局属性，包括自定义的脚本块或者引用第三方的脚本块。如果在Scripts中的<asp:ScriptReference/>标签中设置了Path属性，它将覆盖该属性。
OnAsyncPostBackError	异步回传发生异常时的服务端处理函数，在这里可以捕获一场信息并作相应的处理。
OnResolveScriptReference	指定ResolveScriptReference事件的服务器端处理函数，在该函数中可以修改某一条脚本的相关信息如路径、版本等。

二．一个简单的示例

这个例子其实是UpdatePanel示例，在页面中加入了日期控件和一个下拉框，根据下拉框选择的不同，日期控件背景变为不同的颜色。示例代码如下：

<% @?Page?Language="C#"?AutoEventWireup="true"?CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs"?Inherits="_Default"? %>

< script? runat ="server" >

????void?DropDownSelection_Change(Object?sender,?EventArgs?e)

????{

????????Calendar1.DayStyle.BackColor?=

????????????System.Drawing.Color.FromName(ColorList.SelectedItem.Value);

????}

</ script >

< html? xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

< head? id ="Head1" ?runat ="server" >

???? < title > ScriptManager?Example </ title >

</ head >

< body >

???? < form? id ="form1" ?runat ="server" >

???????? < div >

???????????? < asp:ScriptManager? ID ="ScriptManager1" ?

???????????????????????????????runat ="server" >

???????????? </ asp:ScriptManager >

???????????? < asp:UpdatePanel? ID ="UpdatePanel1"

?????????????????????????????runat ="server" >

???????????????? < ContentTemplate >

???????????????????? < asp:Calendar? ID ="Calendar1" ?

??????????????????????????????????ShowTitle ="True"

??????????????????????????????????runat ="server"? />

???????????????????? < div >

????????????????????????Background:

???????????????????????? < br? />

???????????????????????? < asp:DropDownList? ID ="ColorList" ?

??????????????????????????????????????????AutoPostBack ="True" ?

??????????????????????????????????????????OnSelectedIndexChanged ="DropDownSelection_Change"

??????????????????????????????????????????runat ="server" >

???????????????????????????? < asp:ListItem? Selected ="True" ?Value ="White" > ?

????????????????????????????White? </ asp:ListItem >

???????????????????????????? < asp:ListItem? Value ="Silver" > ?

????????????????????????????Silver? </ asp:ListItem >

???????????????????????????? < asp:ListItem? Value ="DarkGray" > ?

????????????????????????????Dark?Gray? </ asp:ListItem >

???????????????????????????? < asp:ListItem? Value ="Khaki" > ?

????????????????????????????Khaki? </ asp:ListItem >

???????????????????????????? < asp:ListItem? Value ="DarkKhaki" > ?D

????????????????????????????ark?Khaki? </ asp:ListItem >

???????????????????????? </ asp:DropDownList >

???????????????????? </ div >

???????????????? </ ContentTemplate >

???????????? </ asp:UpdatePanel >

???????????? < br? />

???????? </ div >

???? </ form >

</ body >

</ html >

三．客户端脚本模式

在前面我们提到了ScriptMode属性指定ScriptManager发送到客户端的脚本的模式，它有四种模式：Auto，Inherit，Debug，Release，默认值为Auto。

1 ．Auto：它会根据Web站点的Web.config配置文件来决定使用哪一种模式，只有当配置文件中retail属性设置为false: ．Inherit：应该是通过程序设置ScriptMode的时候，等同于Auto？（不太了解）

< system .web >

?? < deployment? retail ="false"? />

</ system.web >

或者页面中的Debug指令设为true的时候会使用Debug版本，其他的情况都会使用Release版本。

< %@?Page? Language ="C#" ?Debug ="true"

AutoEventWireup ="true" ?CodeFile ="Default.aspx.cs" ?Inherits ="_Default" ?% >

3 ．Debug：客户端脚本使用Debug版本，除非retail属性设为true。

4 ．Release：客户端脚本使用Release版本，除非retail属性设为false。

四．错误处理

在页面回传时如果发生了异常AsyncPostBackError事件将被触发，错误信息的处理依赖于AllowCustomErrors属性、AsyncPostBackErrorMessage属性和Web.config中的<customErrors>配置区。下面看一个简单的错误处理例子，在AsyncPostBackError事件中捕获到异常信息并设置AsyncPostBackErrorMessage属性。

<% @?Page?Language="C#"? %>

< script? runat ="server" >

????protected?void?ErrorProcessClick_Handler(object?sender,?EventArgs?e)

????{

????????//?This?handler?demonstrates?an?error?condition.?In?this?example

????????//?the?server?error?gets?intercepted?on?the?client?and?an?alert?is?shown.?

????????throw?new?ArgumentException();

????}

????protected?void?SuccessProcessClick_Handler(object?sender,?EventArgs?e)

????{

????????//?This?handler?demonstrates?no?server?side?exception.

????????UpdatePanelMessage.Text?=?"The?asynchronous?postback?completed?successfully.";

????}

????protected?void?ScriptManager1_AsyncPostBackError(object?sender,?AsyncPostBackErrorEventArgs?e)

????{

????????ScriptManager1.AsyncPostBackErrorMessage?=?"异常信息为："?+?e.Exception.Message;

????}

</ script >

< html? xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

< head? id ="Head1" ?runat ="server" >

???? < title > PageRequestManager?endRequestEventArgs?Example </ title >

???? < style? type ="text/css" >

????body?{

????????font-family:?Tahoma;

????}

????#AlertDiv{

????left:?40%;?top:?40%;

????position:?absolute;?width:?200px;

????padding:?12px;?

????border:?#000000?1px?solid;

????background-color:?white;?

????text-align:?left;

????visibility:?hidden;

????z-index:?99;

????}

????#AlertButtons{

????position:?absolute;

????right:?5%;

????bottom:?5%;

????}

???? </ style >

</ head >

< body? id ="bodytag" >

???? < form? id ="form1" ?runat ="server" >

???????? < div >

???????????? < asp:ScriptManager? ID ="ScriptManager1" ?runat ="server" ?

????????????OnAsyncPostBackError ="ScriptManager1_AsyncPostBackError" >

???????????? </ asp:ScriptManager >

???????????? < script? type ="text/javascript" ?language ="javascript" >

????????????????var?divElem?=?'AlertDiv';

????????????????var?messageElem?=?'AlertMessage';

????????????????var?errorMessageAdditional?=?'Please?try?again.';

????????????????var?bodyTag?=?'bodytag';

????????????????Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance().add_endRequest(EndRequestHandler);

????????????????function?ToggleAlertDiv(visString)

????????????????{

?????????????????????if?(visString?==?'hidden')

?????????????????????{

?????????????????????????$get(bodyTag).style.backgroundColor?=?'white';?????????????????????????

?????????????????????}

?????????????????????else

?????????????????????{

?????????????????????????$get(bodyTag).style.backgroundColor?=?'gray';?????????????????????????

?????????????????????}

?????????????????????var?adiv?=?$get(divElem);

?????????????????????adiv.style.visibility?=?visString;

????????????????}

????????????????function?ClearErrorState()?{

?????????????????????$get(messageElem).innerHTML?=?'';

?????????????????????ToggleAlertDiv('hidden');?????????????????????

????????????????}

????????????????function?EndRequestHandler(sender,?args)

????????????????{

???????????????????if?(args.get_error()?!=?undefined?&&?args.get_error().httpStatusCode?==?'500')

???????????????????{

???????????????????????var?errorMessage?=?args.get_error().message

???????????????????????args.set_errorHandled(true);

???????????????????????ToggleAlertDiv('visible');

???????????????????????$get(messageElem).innerHTML?=?'"'?+?

????????????????????????????????errorMessage?+?'"?'?+?errorMessageAdditional;

???????????????????}

????????????????}

???????????? </ script >

???????????? < asp:UpdatePanel? runat ="Server" ?UpdateMode ="Conditional" ?ID ="UpdatePanel1" >

???????????????? < ContentTemplate >

???????????????????? < asp:Panel? ID ="Panel1" ?runat ="server" ?GroupingText ="Update?Panel" >

???????????????????????? < asp:Label? ID ="UpdatePanelMessage" ?runat ="server"? />

???????????????????????? < br? />

????????????????????????Last?update:

???????????????????????? <% = ?DateTime.Now.ToString()? %>

????????????????????????.

???????????????????????? < br? />

???????????????????????? < asp:Button? runat ="server" ?ID ="Button1" ?Text ="Submit?Successful?Async?Postback"

????????????????????????????OnClick ="SuccessProcessClick_Handler" ?OnClientClick ="ClearErrorState()"? />

???????????????????????? < asp:Button? runat ="server" ?ID ="Button2" ?Text ="Submit?Async?Postback?With?Error"

????????????????????????????OnClick ="ErrorProcessClick_Handler" ?OnClientClick ="ClearErrorState()"? />

???????????????????????? < br? />

???????????????????? </ asp:Panel >

???????????????? </ ContentTemplate >

???????????? </ asp:UpdatePanel >

???????????? < div? id ="AlertDiv" >

???????????????? < div? id ="AlertMessage" >

???????????????? </ div >

???????????????? < br? />

???????????????? < div? id ="AlertButtons"? >

???????????????????? < input? id ="OKButton" ?type ="button" ?value ="OK" ?

???????????????????????????runat ="server" ?onclick ="ClearErrorState()"? />

???????????????? </ div >

??????????? </ div >

???? </ form >

</ body >

</ html >

运行后时界面：

发生异常信息：

五．Services属性

Services 用来管理对WebService的调用，通过<asp:ServiceReference>标签可以在Services中注册一个WebService，在运行时ScriptManager将为每一个ServiceReference对象生成一个客户端代理，<asp:ServiceReference>标签一个很重要的属性是Path，用来指定WebService的路径，如下所示：

< asp:ScriptManager? ID ="SM1" ?runat ="server" >

???? < Services >

???????? < asp:ServiceReference? Path ="Service.asmx" />

???? </ Services >

</ asp:ScriptManager >

看一个简单的调用WebService的例子：

WebService 如下，注意在WebServiceSample上加ScriptService特性：页面：

[ScriptService]

public? class ?WebServiceSample?:?System.Web.Services.WebService? {

????public?WebServiceSample()

????{

????????//Uncomment?the?following?line?if?using?designed?components?

????????//InitializeComponent();?

????}

????[WebMethod]

????public?string?EchoString(String?s)

????{

????????return?"Hello?"?+?s;

????}

}

ASPX

<% @?Page?Language="C#"?AutoEventWireup="true"?CodeFile="Default3.aspx.cs"?Inherits="Default3"? %>

< html? xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"? >

< head? runat ="server" >

???? < title > Untitled?Page </ title >

</ head >

< script? type ="text/javascript" ?language ="JavaScript" >

????function?OnbuttonGo_click()?

????{

????????requestSimpleService?=?WebServiceSample.EchoString(

????????????document.getElementById('inputName').value,???????//params

????????????OnRequestComplete????//Complete?event

????????????);

????????return?false;

????}

????function?OnRequestComplete(result)?

????{

????????alert(result);

????}

</ script >

< body >

???? < form? id ="form1" ?runat ="server" >

???? < asp:ScriptManager? ID ="ScriptManager1" ?runat ="server" >

???????? < Services >

???????????? < asp:ServiceReference? Path ="WebServiceSample.asmx" />

???????? </ Services >

???? </ asp:ScriptManager >

???? < div >

???????? < input? type ="text" ?id ="inputName" ?size =20 />

???????? < input? id ="button" ?type ="button" ?value ="调?用" ?onclick ="return?OnbuttonGo_click()"? /></ div >

???? </ form >

</ body >

</ html >

运行后效果如下：

当然了也可以在运行时动态的在Services中加入ServiceReference，下面看一个运行时动态加入ServiceReference的例子：

<% @?Page?Language="C#"?AutoEventWireup="true"?CodeFile="Default3.aspx.cs"?Inherits="Default3"? %>

< script? runat ="server" >

????void?Page_Load(object?sender,?EventArgs?e)

????{

????????ServiceReference?sr?=?new?ServiceReference();

????????sr.Path?=?"WebServiceSample.asmx";

????????ScriptManager1.Services.Add(sr);

????}

</ script >

< html? xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"? >

< head? runat ="server" >

???? < title > Untitled?Page </ title >

</ head >

< script? type ="text/javascript" ?language ="JavaScript" >

????function?OnbuttonGo_click()?

????{

????????requestSimpleService?=?WebServiceSample.EchoString(

????????????document.getElementById('inputName').value,???????//params

????????????OnRequestComplete????//Complete?event

????????????);

????????return?false;

????}

????function?OnRequestComplete(result)?

????{

????????alert(result);

????}

</ script >

< body >

????

???? < form? id ="form1" ?runat ="server" >

???? < asp:ScriptManager? ID ="ScriptManager1" ?runat ="server" >

???? </ asp:ScriptManager >

???? < div >

???????? < input? type ="text" ?id ="inputName" ?size =20 />

???????? < input? id ="button" ?type ="button" ?value ="调?用" ?onclick ="return?OnbuttonGo_click()"? /></ div >

???? </ form >

</ body >

</ html >

可以看到运行后和在ScriptManager中直接加入的效果是一样的。

六．Scripts属性

关于Scripts属性到后面具体再说吧，最主要的属性有Path指定脚本的路径，ScriptMode指定客户端脚本的模式，它会覆盖ScriptManager中的ScriptMode属性，还有一个属性是IgnoreScriptPath，指定是否忽略掉ScriptManager中的ScriptPath属性。

关于ScriptManager控件就学习到这里了，至于AuthenticationService属性和ProfileService属性都很简单。
?作者： TerryLee
出处： http://terrylee.cnblogs.com

弹出窗口的方法：

ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this.UpdatePanel1,this.GetType(),"updateScript","alert('保存成功')",true);

Trackback: http://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=2141919

（编辑：李大同）

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