使用Axis编写WebService

发布时间：2020-12-17 00:57:47 所属栏目：安全来源：网络整理

导读：使用Axis编写WebService比较简单，就我的理解，WebService的实现代码和编写Java代码其实没有什么区别，主要是将哪些Java类发布为WebService。下面是一个从编写测试例子到发布WebService，以及编写测试代码的过程介绍。 ? ??? 本例子的WebService提供了两个方

使用Axis编写WebService比较简单，就我的理解，WebService的实现代码和编写Java代码其实没有什么区别，主要是将哪些Java类发布为WebService。下面是一个从编写测试例子到发布WebService，以及编写测试代码的过程介绍。

? ??? 本例子的WebService提供了两个方法，分别是sayHello和sayHelloToPerson，第一个只是返回一个"Hello"字符串，没有参数，第二个函数接受一个字符串作为参数，返回"Hello 参数值"，该例子比较简单，但是清楚的说明了从编写代码到发布为WebService以及测试编写好的WebService全过程。

编写服务代码

????? 服务代码提供了两个函数，分别为sayHello和sayHelloToPerson，源代码如下：

Java代码 ?

收藏代码

/*?
?*?File?name:?HelloService.java?
?*??
?*?Version:?v1.0?
?*??
?*?Created?on?Aug?2,?2008?9:40:20?AM?
?*??
?*?Designed?by?Stephen?
?*??
?*?(c)Copyright?2008?
?*/??
package?com.sinosoft.webservice;??
??
/**?*//**?
?*?@author?Stephen?
?*??
?*?Test?web?service?
?*/??
public?class?HelloService?{??
????/**?*//**?
?????*?不带参数的函数?
?????*??
?????*?@return?返回Hello字符串?
?????*/??
????public?String?sayHello()?{??
????????return?"Hello";??
????}??
??
????/**?*//**?
?????*?带参数的函数?
?????*??
?????*?@param?name?
?????*????????????名称?
?????*?@return?返回加上名称的欢迎词?
?????*/??
????public?String?sayHelloToPerson(String?name)?{??
????????if?(name?==?null?||?name.equals(""))?{??
????????????name?=?"nobody";??
????????}??
????????return?"Hello?"?+?name;??
????}??
}??

发布WebService

????? 要将上边写的HelloService类发布为WebService，需要先搭建Web应用。下面是在Tomcat下使用Axis（http://ws.apache.org/axis/）创建WebService服务的例子。

在Tomcat下创建Web应用

在该例子中，在Tomcat下创建了一个context path为ws的WEB应用。

?????1.?在myeclipse中创建WebServiceTest的webproject

?????2. 在WEB-INF文件夹下web.xml文件，该文件的内容如下：

Xml代码 ?

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<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>??
??
<!DOCTYPE?web-app?PUBLIC?"-//Sun?Microsystems,?Inc.//DTD?Web??
Application?2.3//EN"?"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">??
??
<web-app>??
??<display-name>Apache-Axis</display-name>??
??????
????<listener>??
????????<listener-class>org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisHTTPSessionListener</listener-class>??
????</listener>??
??????
??<servlet>??
????<servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>??
????<display-name>Apache-Axis?Servlet</display-name>??
????<servlet-class>??
????????org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisServlet??
????</servlet-class>??
??</servlet>??
??
??<servlet>??
????<servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>??
????<display-name>Axis?Admin?Servlet</display-name>??
????<servlet-class>??
????????org.apache.axis.transport.http.AdminServlet??
????</servlet-class>??
????<load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>??
??</servlet>??
??
??<servlet>??
????<servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>??
????<display-name>SOAPMonitorService</display-name>??
????<servlet-class>??
????????org.apache.axis.monitor.SOAPMonitorService??
????</servlet-class>??
????<init-param>??
??????<param-name>SOAPMonitorPort</param-name>??
??????<param-value>5001</param-value>??
????</init-param>??
????<load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>??
??</servlet>??
??
??<servlet-mapping>??
????<servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>??
????<url-pattern>/servlet/AxisServlet</url-pattern>??
??</servlet-mapping>??
??
??<servlet-mapping>??
????<servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>??
????<url-pattern>*.jws</url-pattern>??
??</servlet-mapping>??
??
??<servlet-mapping>??
????<servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>??
????<url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>??
??</servlet-mapping>??
??
??<servlet-mapping>??
????<servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>??
????<url-pattern>/SOAPMonitor</url-pattern>??
??</servlet-mapping>??
??
???
?<!--??
??<servlet-mapping>??
????<servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>??
????<url-pattern>/servlet/AdminServlet</url-pattern>??
??</servlet-mapping>??
?-->??
??
????<session-config>??
??????????
????????<session-timeout>5</session-timeout>??
????</session-config>??
??
????<!--?currently?the?W3C?havent?settled?on?a?media?type?for?WSDL;??
????http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-wsdl12-20030303/#ietf-draft??
????for?now?we?go?with?the?basic?'it's?XML'?response?-->??
??<mime-mapping>??
????<extension>wsdl</extension>??
?????<mime-type>text/xml</mime-type>??
??</mime-mapping>??
????
??
??<mime-mapping>??
????<extension>xsd</extension>??
????<mime-type>text/xml</mime-type>??
??</mime-mapping>??
??
??<welcome-file-list?id="WelcomeFileList">??
????<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>??
????<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>??
????<welcome-file>index.jws</welcome-file>??
??</welcome-file-list>??
??
</web-app>??

在上面的web.xml中主要是配置了axis的相关配置。

axis的相关配置

在上述的web.xml文件中已经对axis进行了配置，但是还需要进行额外的配置。

?????复制axis相关的jar文件

?????将axis的相关jar文件复制到WEB-INFlib文件夹下。这些文件包括：

activation.jar
axis.jar
axis-ant.jar
commons-discovery-0.2.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
jaxrpc.jar
log4j-1.2.8.jar
saaj.jar
wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar

测试发布的Web应用

启动Tomcat服务，打开IE浏览器，访问地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services，如果看到如下界面就说明AXIS部署成功了。

发布WebService

?????发布WebService需要使用现有的AdminService来实现，这里我写了一个批处理文件来发布WebService，以后如果需要发布其他文件，只需要修改相应的参数就可以了。

创建deploy.wsdd文件

文件deploy.wsdd内容如下所示：

Xml代码 ?

收藏代码

<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>??
<deployment?xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"?xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">??
????<service?name="HelloServices"?provider="java:RPC">??
????????<parameter?name="className"?value="com.sinosoft.webservice.HelloService"/>??
????????<parameter?name="allowedMethods"?value="*"/>??
????</service>??
</deployment>??

创建发布WebService服务的批处理文件

批处理文件deploywebservice.bat内容如下：

Xml代码 ?

收藏代码

java?-cp?axis-ant.jar;axis-schema.jar;axis.jar;commons-discovery-0.2.jar;commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;jaxrpc.jar;log4j-1.2.8.jar;saaj.jar;wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar;xmlsec-1.3.0.jar?org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient?-lhttp://localhost:8080/WebServiceTest/services/AdminService?deploy.wsdd??
??
pause??

??其中上面的jar包我都拷到和bat文件在同一个目录，现在将所有的jar文件都加入到classpath中进行执行。

?????-l后的参数是本地要发布WebService的AdminService对应的访问地址。

?????最后deploy.wsdd是对应的配置文件名称。

发布WebService服务

将deploy.wsdd文件和deploywebservice.bat文件复制到同一个文件夹下，执行deploywebservice.bat批处理文件，就可以将deploy.wsdd中描述的Java类发布为WebService。发布完成之后在访问http://host:port/ws/services如下图所示：

从上图可以看出，发布成功后，多了一个HelloServices的服务。这样就说明HelloService发布成功了。

查看HelloServices的wsdl

?????访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices?wsdl可以看到如下wsdl的内容：

Xml代码 ?

收藏代码

<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>??
<wsdl:definitions?targetNamespace="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"?xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap"?xmlns:impl="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"?xmlns:intf="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"?xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"?xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"?xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"?xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">??
<!--WSDL?created?by?Apache?Axis?version:?1.4??
Built?on?Apr?22,?2006?(06:55:48?PDT)-->??
??
???<wsdl:message?name="sayHelloToPersonRequest">??
??
??????<wsdl:part?name="name"?type="soapenc:string"/>??
??
???</wsdl:message>??
??
???<wsdl:message?name="sayHelloRequest">??
??
???</wsdl:message>??
??
???<wsdl:message?name="sayHelloToPersonResponse">??
??
??????<wsdl:part?name="sayHelloToPersonReturn"?type="soapenc:string"/>??
??
???</wsdl:message>??
??
???<wsdl:message?name="sayHelloResponse">??
??
??????<wsdl:part?name="sayHelloReturn"?type="soapenc:string"/>??
??
???</wsdl:message>??
??
???<wsdl:portType?name="HelloService">??
??
??????<wsdl:operation?name="sayHello">??
??
?????????<wsdl:input?message="impl:sayHelloRequest"?name="sayHelloRequest"/>??
??
?????????<wsdl:output?message="impl:sayHelloResponse"?name="sayHelloResponse"/>??
??
??????</wsdl:operation>??
??
??????<wsdl:operation?name="sayHelloToPerson"?parameterOrder="name">??
??
?????????<wsdl:input?message="impl:sayHelloToPersonRequest"?name="sayHelloToPersonRequest"/>??
??
?????????<wsdl:output?message="impl:sayHelloToPersonResponse"?name="sayHelloToPersonResponse"/>??
??
??????</wsdl:operation>??
??
???</wsdl:portType>??
??
???<wsdl:binding?name="HelloServicesSoapBinding"?type="impl:HelloService">??
??
??????<wsdlsoap:binding?style="rpc"?transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>??
??
??????<wsdl:operation?name="sayHello">??
??
?????????<wsdlsoap:operation?soapAction=""/>??
??
?????????<wsdl:input?name="sayHelloRequest">??
??
????????????<wsdlsoap:body?encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"?namespace="http://webservice.sinosoft.com"?use="encoded"/>??
??
?????????</wsdl:input>??
??
?????????<wsdl:output?name="sayHelloResponse">??
??
????????????<wsdlsoap:body?encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"?namespace="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"?use="encoded"/>??
??
?????????</wsdl:output>??
??
??????</wsdl:operation>??
??
??????<wsdl:operation?name="sayHelloToPerson">??
??
?????????<wsdlsoap:operation?soapAction=""/>??
??
?????????<wsdl:input?name="sayHelloToPersonRequest">??
??
????????????<wsdlsoap:body?encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"?namespace="http://webservice.sinosoft.com"?use="encoded"/>??
??
?????????</wsdl:input>??
??
?????????<wsdl:output?name="sayHelloToPersonResponse">??
??
????????????<wsdlsoap:body?encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"?namespace="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"?use="encoded"/>??
??
?????????</wsdl:output>??
??
??????</wsdl:operation>??
??
???</wsdl:binding>??
??
???<wsdl:service?name="HelloServiceService">??
??
??????<wsdl:port?binding="impl:HelloServicesSoapBinding"?name="HelloServices">??
??
?????????<wsdlsoap:address?location="http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices"/>??
??
??????</wsdl:port>??
??
???</wsdl:service>??
??
</wsdl:definitions>??

用Java调用WebService实例

?????下面是用Java调用刚发布的WebService例子。

Java代码 ?

收藏代码

/*?
?*?File?name:?TestHelloService.java?
?*??
?*?Version:?v1.0?
?*??
?*?Created?on?Aug?2,?2008?9:54:10?AM?
?*??
?*?Designed?by?Stephen?
?*??
?*/??
package?test.com.sinosoft.webservice;??
??
import?java.io.IOException;??
import?java.net.MalformedURLException;??
??
import?javax.xml.namespace.QName;??
import?javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;??
??
import?org.apache.axis.client.Call;??
import?org.apache.axis.client.Service;??
import?org.apache.commons.logging.Log;??
import?org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;??
??
/**?
?*?@author?Stephen?
?*??
?*?测试调用WebService?
?*/??
public?class?TestHelloService?{??
????private?static?final?Log?log?=?LogFactory.getLog(TestHelloService.class);??
????private?static?final?String?HELLO_SERVICE_ENDPOINT?=?"http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices?wsdl";??
??
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{??
????????TestHelloService?tester?=?new?TestHelloService();??
????????//?tester.callSayHello();??
????????tester.callSayHelloToPerson();??
????}??
??
????public?void?callSayHello()?{??
????????try?{??
????????????Service?service?=?new?Service();??
????????????Call?call?=?(Call)?service.createCall();??
????????????call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new?java.net.URL(??
????????????????????HELLO_SERVICE_ENDPOINT));??
????????????//下面名字查询的http://127.0.0.1:8080/WebServiceTest/services/HelloServices?wsdl文件里有??
????????????call.setOperationName(new?QName("http://webservice.sinosoft.com/",??
????????????????????"sayHello"));??
????????????call.setReturnType(org.apache.axis.Constants.XSD_STRING);??
????????????try?{??
????????????????//远程调用发布的方法??
????????????????String?ret?=?(String)?call.invoke(new?Object[]?{});??
????????????????System.out.println("The?return?value?is:"?+?ret);??
????????????????return;??
????????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{??
????????????????e.printStackTrace();??
????????????}??
????????}?catch?(MalformedURLException?e)?{??
????????????e.printStackTrace();??
????????}?catch?(ServiceException?e)?{??
????????????e.printStackTrace();??
????????}??
????????log.error("call?sayHello?service?error!");??
????}??
??
????public?void?callSayHelloToPerson()?{??
????????try?{??
????????????Service?service?=?new?Service();??
????????????Call?call?=?(Call)?service.createCall();??
????????????call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new?java.net.URL(HELLO_SERVICE_ENDPOINT));??
????????????call.setOperationName(new?QName("http://webservice.sinosoft.com/",??
????????????????????"sayHelloToPerson"));??
????????????call.addParameter("name",?org.apache.axis.Constants.XSD_STRING,??
????????????????????javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode.IN);??
????????????call.setReturnType(org.apache.axis.Constants.XSD_STRING);??
????????????try?{??
????????????????String?ret?=?(String)?call.invoke(new?Object[]?{?"Stephen"?});??
????????????????System.out.println("The?return?value?is:"?+?ret);??
????????????????return;??
????????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{??
????????????????e.printStackTrace();??
????????????}??
????????}?catch?(MalformedURLException?e)?{??
????????????e.printStackTrace();??
????????}?catch?(ServiceException?e)?{??
????????????e.printStackTrace();??
????????}??
????????log.error("call?sayHello?service?error!");??
????}??
}?

（编辑：李大同）

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