webService学习笔记

面向服务的架构 异构系统间的远程调用 远程调用 ?面向过程 ?c语言 ?面向对象 ?c++ java ?面向组件 ?DCOM ?EJB (相同语言之间) ?面向标准组件 web service ?面向服务 soa ?webService 简单实现 ? 需要注意的是服务器端的包名，要和客户端的包名相同(命名空间必须相同) ? 示例代码如下： ? ? ? ?接口类: ? ?package cn.yue.servicetest; import javax.jws.WebService; /** ?* 定义webService接口 ?*? ?* @time 5:50:58 PM ?* @author retacn yue ?* @Email zhenhuayue@sina.com ?*/ @WebService public interface MyService { public String seyHello(String name); } ? 实现类: ?package cn.yue.servicetest.impl; import cn.yue.servicetest.MyService; /** ?* webService实现类 ?*? ?* @time 5:52:55 PM ?* @author retacn yue ?* @Email zhenhuayue@sina.com ?*/ public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService { public String seyHello(String name) { return "你好" + name; } } ? ?web Service ?发布到tomcat服务器上 ? ?需要spring来集成 ? ?spring 的配置文件 ? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd"> <!-- cxf内部使用的一些bean的定义 --> <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" /> <!-- 指定跟哪种协议进行绑定 http,soap --> <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" /> <!-- servlet的bean定义 --> <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" /> <bean id="myService" class="cn.yue.servicetest.impl.MyServiceImpl" /> <!-- 服务端 --> <jaxws:server address="/myService"> <jaxws:serviceBean> <ref bean="myService" /> </jaxws:serviceBean> </jaxws:server> </beans> ? web.xml配置文件 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee? http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- =============== Spring 设置 =============== --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- =============== CXF 设置 =============== --> <servlet> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <!-- 定义所有以services打头的路径是要访问web服务 --> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app> ?? 使用自带工具生成java类型 ?bin目录下的wsdl2java -d 目标目录 路径(格式如下) http://localhost:8080/webServiceDemo/services/myService?wsdl ? webservice ?工作原理 ? 向服务器端发送一段xml文件，报务器端向客户端返回一个xml文件,尊守soap协议(简单对象访问协议) ? 依赖http协议，不受访火墙影响 复杂返加类型 ? jaxb定义了xml与java对象之间的转换 ? 在实体bean上添加注解@XmlRootElement xml 与java对象之间的转换(java ---- schema ) ? schema 的一般格式 ? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="http://www.example.org/myservice" xmlns:tns="http://www.example.org/myservice" elementFormDefault="qualified"> <element name="customer" type="tns:customerType"> </element> <!-- ?定义customer 类型 ?--> <complexType name="customerType" > <sequence> <element name="id" type="int"/> <element name="name" type="string"/>? </sequence> </complexType> </schema> ? 使用jdk自带的xjc生成java类文件 ? ?命令如下： ? ? xjc -d 目标目录 源文件目录 ?? ? ?在生成的java类中,内个常用的注解 ? ?@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) ? ?PROPERTY 公有的get set 方法 ? ?FIELD ? ?私有属性映射 ? ?PUBLIC_MEMBER 根据公有属性和公有的get set方法进行映射 ? ?java转xml实现代码如下： ? ?public static void main(String[] args) throws JAXBException { CustomerType type = new CustomerType(); type.setId(4); type.setName("赵六"); JAXBElement<CustomerType> element = new ObjectFactory().createCustomer(type); // 转换工厂 JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(CustomerType.class); // java转xml Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller(); //中文乱码问题（控制台默认输出编码为gbk） marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING,"gbk"); marshaller.marshal(element,System.out); } ? ?xml转java