WebService从零到项目开发使用3—技术研究之Axis2 POJO开发Web服

发布时间：2020-12-17 00:10:40 所属栏目：安全来源：网络整理

导读：1.1.??????Axis2 使用POJO开发Web服务如果考虑快速开发一个Web服务，可以创建POJO（普通现有的java对象）然后使用axis2部署到tomcat上，这种方式容易快速开发、便于整合并且易于维护。下面我们会学习到如何从Spring框架中获得一个现有的POJO，然后将其作为A

1.1.??????Axis2 使用POJO开发Web服务

如果考虑快速开发一个Web服务，可以创建POJO（普通现有的java对象）然后使用axis2部署到tomcat上，这种方式容易快速开发、便于整合并且易于维护。下面我们会学习到如何从Spring框架中获得一个现有的POJO，然后将其作为ARR包部署到tomcat上来发布Web服务。下面我们以pojoguidespring为示例说明。

1.1.1.?????????????一个简单的POJO开发Web服务

1.??????打开Eclipse，新建一个工程名为pojospring。

2.??????将axis2.war中的axis2-web和WEB-INF文件夹复制到工程WebContent目录下。

3.??????在工程下创建如下目录结构：

4.??????在src下编写POJO Java类：
Weather POJO：

package sample.pojo.data;

public class Weather{

??? float temperature;

??? String forecast;

??? boolean rain;

??? float howMuchRain;

???

??? public void setTemperature(float temp){

??????? temperature = temp;

??? }

??? public float getTemperature(){

?? ?????return temperature;

??? }

??? public void setForecast(String fore){

??????? forecast = fore;

??? }

??? public String getForecast(){

??????? return forecast;

??? }

???

??? public void setRain(boolean r){

??????? rain = r;

??? }

??? public boolean getRain(){

??????? return rain;

??? }

??? public void setHowMuchRain(float howMuch){

??????? howMuchRain = howMuch;

??? }

??? public float getHowMuchRain(){

??????? return howMuchRain;

??? }

}

???????? WeatherServicePOJO：

package sample.pojo.service;

import sample.pojo.data.Weather;

public class WeatherService{

??? Weather weather;

??? public void setWeather(Weather weather){

??????? this.weather = weather;

??? }

??? public Weather getWeather(){

??????? return this.weather;

??? }

}

5.??????定义services.xml向Axis2描述该服务

??? <description>

??????? Weather POJO Service

??? </description>

??? <messageReceivers>

??????? <messageReceiver

??????????? mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-only"

??? class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCInOnlyMessageReceiver"/>

??????? <messageReceiver

??????????? mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-out"

??? class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver"/>

??? </messageReceivers>

??? <parameter name="ServiceClass">

??????? sample.pojo.service.WeatherService

??? </parameter>

</service>

服务名是WeatherService，服务作用域是application，在POJO WeatherService中有两个方法IN-ONLY和IN-OUT方法，消息接收器类型是RPC。

6.??????打开Ant文件WeatherService.build.xml，进行创建POJO服务任务：

<project?name="pojoguide"?basedir=".."?default="generate.service">

?????????<property?name="service.name"?value="WeatherService"?/>

?????????<property?name="dest.dir"?value="WebContent/WEB-INF/services"?/>

?????????<property?name="dest.dir.classes"?value="${dest.dir}/${service.name}"?/>

?????????<property?name="axis2.home"?value="WebContent/WEB-INF"?/>

?????????<path?id="build.class.path">

???????????????????<fileset?dir="${axis2.home}/lib">

????????????????????????????<includename="*.jar"/>

???????????????????</fileset>

?????????</path>

?????????<!--

???????? <target name="clean">

?????????????????? <delete dir="${dest.dir}" />

?????????????????? <delete dir="src" includes="sample/pojo/stub/**"/>

???????? </target>

???????? -->

?????????<target?name="prepare">

???????????????????<mkdir?dir="${dest.dir}"?/>

???????????????????<mkdir?dir="${dest.dir.classes}"?/>

???????????????????<mkdir?dir="${dest.dir.classes}/META-INF"?/>

?????????</target>

?????????<target?name="generate.service"?depends="prepare">

???????????????????<copy?file="src/META-INF/${service.name}/services.xml"tofile="${dest.dir.classes}/META-INF/services.xml"overwrite="true"/>?

???????????????????<javac?srcdir="src"destdir="${dest.dir.classes}"includes="sample/pojo/service/**,sample/pojo/data/**">

????????????????????????????<classpathrefid="build.class.path"/>

???????????????????</javac>? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??

???????????????????<jar?basedir="${dest.dir.classes}"?destfile="${dest.dir}/${service.name}.aar"/>

???????????????????<!--

?????????????????? <copy file="${dest.dir}/${service.name}.aar" tofile="${repository.path}/services/${service.name}.aar" overwrite="true" />

?????????????????? -->

?????????</target>

</project>

7.??????运行ant文件，在工程目录WebContent/WEB-INF/services下会生成WeatherService目录：

注意：发布服务时WeatherService.aar和WeatherService仅可有一个。

8.??????将pojospring工程部署到Eclipse Tomcat下并启动，访问如下链接查看已发布的服务描述文件WSDL：
http://localhost:8080/pojospring/services/WeatherService?wsdl

9.??????客户端使用RPCServiceClient测试发布的Web服务。编写WeatherRPCClient客户端测试类，由于该客户端没有callback，所以采用阻塞模式：（注意该客户端仅用于测试，如果与服务端分离开发的话可以使用客户端开发技术来开发，比如，动态调用接口-DII）

package sample.pojo.rpcclient;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault;

import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference;

import org.apache.axis2.client.Options;

import org.apache.axis2.rpc.client.RPCServiceClient;

import sample.pojo.data.Weather;

public class WeatherRPCClient {

???????? public static void main(String[] args1) throws AxisFault {

?????????????????? RPCServiceClient serviceClient = new RPCServiceClient();

?????????????????? Options options = serviceClient.getOptions();

?????????????????? EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference(

???????????????????????????????????? "http://localhost:8080/pojospring/services/WeatherService");

?????????????????? options.setTo(targetEPR);

?????????????????? // Setting the weather

?????????????????? QName opSetWeather = new QName("http://service.pojo.sample","setWeather");

?????????????????? Weather w = new Weather();

?????????????????? w.setTemperature((float) 39.3);

?????????????????? w.setForecast("Cloudy with showers");

?????????????????? w.setRain(true);

?????????????????? w.setHowMuchRain((float) 4.5);

?????????????????? Object[] opSetWeatherArgs = new Object[] { w };

?????????????????? serviceClient.invokeRobust(opSetWeather,opSetWeatherArgs);

?????????????????? // Getting the weather

?????????????????? QName opGetWeather = new QName("http://service.pojo.sample","getWeather");

?????????????????? Object[] opGetWeatherArgs = new Object[] {};

?????????????????? Class[] returnTypes = new Class[] { Weather.class };

?????????????????? Object[] response = serviceClient.invokeBlocking(opGetWeather,opGetWeatherArgs,returnTypes);

?????????????????? Weather result = (Weather) response[0];

?????????????????? if (result == null) {

??????????????????????????? System.out.println("Weather didn't initialize!");

??????????????????????????? return;

?????????????????? }

?????????????????? // Displaying the result

?????????????????? System.out.println("Temperature? : " + result.getTemperature());

?????????????????? System.out.println("Forecast : " + result.getForecast());

?????????????????? System.out.println("Rain : " + result.getRain());

?????????????????? System.out.println("How much rain (in inches) : " + result.getHowMuchRain());

???????? }

}

10.??运行以上代码，控制台输出：

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.axis2.context.AbstractContext).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

Temperature : 39.3

Forecast : Cloudy with showers

Rain : true

How much rain (in inches) : 4.5

11.??下面使用Spring整合POJO。

1.1.2.?????????????使用Spring POJO开发Web服务

1.????????以上我们看到创建一个POJO服务很简单，但是这种方式有一定的限制，比如无法对Service进行初始化，这时我们需要在Service可用前手动初始化值。下面我们使用Spring避免这种缺陷。

2.????????在工程lib下导入spring.jar等jar包。

3.????????编写SpringInit.java，该类用于初始化Spring application Context

package?sample.pojo.service;

import?org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement;

import?org.apache.axis2.context.ConfigurationContext;

import?org.apache.axis2.context.OperationContext;

import?org.apache.axis2.context.ServiceContext;

import?org.apache.axis2.description.AxisService;

import?org.apache.axis2.engine.ServiceLifeCycle;

import?org.apache.commons.logging.Log;

import?org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import?org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public?class?SpringInit?implements?ServiceLifeCycle {

?????????private?static?Log?logger?= LogFactory.getLog(SpringInit.class);

?????????// The web service

?????????public?OMElement springInit(OMElement ignore) {

???????????????????returnnull;

???????? }

?????????void?init(ServiceContext serviceContext) {

???????? }

?????????void?setOperationContext(OperationContext arg0) {

???????? }

?????????void?destroy(ServiceContext arg0) {

???????? }

?????????/**

???????? ?* this will be called during thedeployement?time of the service.

???????? ?* irrespective of the service scope this method will be called

???????? ?*/

?????????void?startUp(ConfigurationContext ignore,AxisService service) {

?????????????????? ClassLoader classLoader = service.getClassLoader();

?????????????????? ClassPathXmlApplicationContext appCtx =?new?ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

?????????????????????????????????????new?String[] {"applicationContext.xml"?},false);

?????????????????? appCtx.setClassLoader(classLoader);

?????????????????? appCtx.refresh();

???????????????????if?(logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

????????????????????????????logger.debug("nnstartUp() set spring classloader via axisService.getClassLoader() ... ");

?????????????????? }

???????? }

?????????void?shutDown(ConfigurationContext ignore,AxisService service) {

???????? }

}

4.????????定义services.xml

??<servicename="SpringInit"class="sample.pojo.service.SpringInit">

????<description>

????? This web service initializes Spring.

????</description>

????<parameter"ServiceClass">sample.pojo.service.SpringInit</parameter>

????<"ServiceTCCL">composite</"load-on-startup">true</operation"springInit">

??????<messageReceiver"org.apache.axis2.receivers.RawXMLINOutMessageReceiver"/>

????</operation>

??</service>

??<"WeatherSpringService">

????<description>

????? Weather Spring POJO Axis2 AAR deployment

????</"ServiceClass">sample.pojo.service.WeatherService</parameter>

<"ServiceObjectSupplier">

org.apache.axis2.extensions.spring.receivers.SpringAppContextAwareObjectSupplier

</"SpringBeanName">weatherSpringService</messageReceivers>

??????<mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-only"

???????????????????????"org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCInOnlyMessageReceiver"/>

??????<"http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-out"

???????????????????????"org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver"/>

????</messageReceivers>

??</service>

</serviceGroup>

Server.xml文件定义了两个service描述，ServiceTCCL属性确保Spring的类加载器能应用到该Service，load-on-startup属性（必须）保证Spring application context启动创建时加载该Service，ServiceObjectSupplier通知Axis该Service由Spring容器负责创建、和初始化。

5.????????在src下创建applicationContext.xml文件并添加如下配置：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPEbeansPUBLIC"-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN""http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

??<beanid="applicationContext"

????"org.apache.axis2.extensions.spring.receivers.ApplicationContextHolder"/>

??<"weatherSpringService""sample.pojo.service.WeatherService">

????<property"weather"ref="weatherBean"/>

??</bean>

??<"weatherBean""sample.pojo.data.Weather">

????<"temperature"value="89.9"/>

????<"forecast""Sunny"/>

????<"rain""false"/>

????<"howMuchRain""0.2"/>

??</bean>

</beans>

6.????????SpringInit.java的startUp方法：

"nnstartUp() set spring classloader via axisService.getClassLoader() ... ");

?????????????????? }

}

当Service发布时会先执行该方法。该方法首先获得service和Spring的类加载器，然后使用applicationContext.xml创建applicationContext，将Spring的类加载器设置为service的加载器，刷新applicationContext，现在我们的Spring开始为service服务了。

7.????????打开Ant文件SpringWeatherService.build.xml，进行创建POJO服务任务：

<project?name="pojoguide"?basedir=".."?default="generate.service">

?????????<property?name="service.name"?value="SpringWeatherService"?/>

?????????<property?name="dest.dir"?value="WebContent/WEB-INF/services"?/>

?????????<property?name="dest.dir.classes"?value="${dest.dir}/${service.name}"?/>

?????????<property?name="axis2.home"?value="WebContent/WEB-INF"?/>

?????????<path?id="build.class.path">

???????????????????<fileset?dir="${axis2.home}/lib">

????????????????????????????<includename="*.jar"/>

???????????????????</fileset>

?????????</path>???

?????????<target?name="prepare">

???????????????????<mkdir?dir="${dest.dir}"?/>

???????????????????<mkdir?dir="${dest.dir.classes}"?/>

???????????????????<mkdir?dir="${dest.dir.classes}/META-INF"?/>

?????????</target>

?????????<target?name="generate.service"?depends="prepare">

???????????????????<copy?file="src/META-INF/${service.name}/services.xml"tofile="${dest.dir.classes}/META-INF/services.xml"overwrite="true"/>

???????????????????<copy?file="src/applicationContext.xml"tofile="${dest.dir.classes}/applicationContext.xml"overwrite="true"/>

???????????????????<javac?srcdir="src"destdir="${dest.dir.classes}"includes="sample/pojo/service/**,sample/pojo/data/**">

????????????????????????????<classpathrefid="build.class.path"/>

???????????????????</javac>? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

???????????????????<jar?basedir="${dest.dir.classes}"?destfile="${dest.dir}/${service.name}.aar"/>

???????????????????<!--

?????????????????? <copy file="${dest.dir}/${service.name}.aar" tofile="${repository.path}/services/${service.name}.aar" overwrite="true" />

?????????????????? -->

?????????</target>

</project>

8.????????编写WeatherSpringRPCClient客户端测试类：

package sample.pojo.rpcclient;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault;

import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference;

import org.apache.axis2.client.Options;

import org.apache.axis2.rpc.client.RPCServiceClient;

import sample.pojo.data.Weather;

public class WeatherSpringRPCClient {

???????? public static void main(String[] args1) throws AxisFault {

?????????????????? RPCServiceClient serviceClient = new RPCServiceClient();

?????????????????? Options options = serviceClient.getOptions();

?????????????????? EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference(

???????????????????????????????????? "http://localhost:8080/pojospring/services/WeatherSpringService");

?????????????????? options.setTo(targetEPR);

?????????????????? // Get the weather (no setting,the Spring Framework has already

?????????????????? // initialized it for us)

?????????????????? QName opGetWeather = new QName("http://service.pojo.sample",returnTypes);

?????????????????? Weather result = (Weather) response[0];

?????????????????? // display results

?????????????????? if (result == null) {

??????????????????????????? System.out.println("Weather didn't initialize!");

?????????????????? } else {

??????????????????????????? System.out.println("Temperature? : " + result.getTemperature());

??????????????????????????? System.out.println("Forecast : " + result.getForecast());

??????????????????????????? System.out.println("Rain : " + result.getRain());

??????????????????????????? System.out.println("How much rain (in inches) : " + result.getHowMuchRain());

?????????????????? }

???????? }

}

9.????????运行以上代码，控制台输出：

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.axis2.context.AbstractContext).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

Temperature? : 89.9

Forecast : Sunny

Rain : false

How much rain (in inches) : 0.2

???????? 可见，Weather对象的初始化已经由Spring框架在启动时为我们做完了。

?资源

以上代码在工程pojospring.rar

（编辑：李大同）

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