CXF发布restful WebService的入门例子(服务器端)

研究了两天CXF对restful的支持。?
? 现在，想实现一个以?
http://localhost:9999/roomservice 为入口，?
http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room为房间列表,?
http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/001/ 为001号房间的信息，?
http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/001/person 为在001号房间主的人的列表?

实现用HTTP请求对以上资源的CRUD。?

首先建立room,person的POJO，这里只有一点需要注意：

package?com.DAO;??
??
import?javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;??
??
@XmlRootElement(name="Person")??
public?class?Person?{??
????private?String?name;??
????private?String?sex;??
????public?String?getName()?{??
????????return?name;??
????}??
????public?void?setName(String?name)?{??
????????this.name?=?name;??
????}??
????public?String?getSex()?{??
????????return?sex;??
????}??
????public?void?setSex(String?sex)?{??
????????this.sex?=?sex;??
????}??
??????
}

一定要在类的前边加上annotation ，这样才能让这个person的信息在POJO和XML之间转换。Room同理:?

import?java.util.Map;??
??
import?javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;??
??
@XmlRootElement(name="Room")??
public?class?Room?{??
????public?Room()??
????{??
????????persons=new?HashMap<String,Person>();??
????}??
????String?id;??
????Map<String,Person>?persons;??
??????
????public?String?getId()?{??
????????return?id;??
????}??
????public?void?setId(String?id)?{??
????????this.id?=?id;??
????}??
????public?Map<String,?Person>?getPersons()?{??
????????return?persons;??
????}??
????public?void?setPersons(Map<String,?Person>?persons)?{??
????????this.persons?=?persons;??
????}??
}

POJO有了，接下来要写DAO，由于主要是为了学习restful，为了方便，不必要将数据持久化到数据库，而是存在一个静态的HashMap中：?

package?com.DAO;??
??
import?java.util.HashMap;??
import?java.util.Map;??
??
public?class?RoomDAO?{??
????private?static?Map<String,?Room>?rooms;??
????static?{??
????????rooms?=?new?HashMap<String,?Room>();??
??????????
????????Person?p1=new?Person();??
????????p1.setName("Boris");??
????????p1.setSex("male");??
??????????
??????????
??????????
????????Room?r=new?Room();??
????????r.setId("001");??
????????r.getPersons().put(p1.getName(),?p1);??
????????rooms.put("001",?r);??
????}??
??
????public?static?void?addRoom(Room?room)?{??
????????rooms.put(room.getId(),?room);??
????}??
??
????public?static?void?deleteRoom(String?id)?{??
????????if?(rooms.containsKey(id))?{??
????????????rooms.remove(id);??
????????}??
??
????}??
??
????public?static?void?updateRoom(String?id,Room?room)?{??
????????rooms.remove(id);??
????????rooms.put(room.getId(),?room);??
????}??
??
????public?static?Room?getRoom(String?id)?{??
????????if?(rooms.containsKey(id))?{??
????????????return?rooms.get(id);??
????????}?else?{??
????????????return?null;??
????????}??
????}??
????/*operations?to?persons*/??
????public?static?void?addPerson(String?id_room,Person?person)?{??
????????if(rooms.containsKey(id_room))??
????????{??
????????????Room?room=rooms.get(id_room);??
????????????room.getPersons().put(person.getName(),?person);??
????????}??
????}??
??????
????public?static?Rooms?getRooms()??
????{??
????????return?new?Rooms();??
????}??
??????
????public?static?void?deletePerson(String?id_room,String?name)??
????{??
????????if(rooms.containsKey(id_room))??
????????{??
????????????Room?room=rooms.get(id_room);??
????????????room.getPersons().remove(name);??
????????}??
????}??
??????
????public?static?Map<String,?Room>?getMapOfRooms()??
????{??
????????return?rooms;??
????}??
}

接下来是重点，如果想发布restful webservice，要通过一个叫JAXRSServerFactoryBean的类来发布。这个类有几个方法是要了解的：?

public void setResourceClasses(Class... classes);?
那一系列的Class类型的参数，是告诉这个类，发布服务时，会用到的POJO（就像上边写的Room,Person）。?

public void setAddress(String address)；?
这个方法是告诉这个类，服务的地址，比如"http://localhost:9999"?

public void setServiceBeans(Object... beans)?
这里是重点，这个方法，要给这个用来发布服务的类一个Service bean.这个Bean是我们要手动编写的，作用是告诉服务，收到什么样的请求，应该怎么样处理。?

现在，先来编写这个Service bean：?

package?com.server;??
??
import?javax.ws.rs.Consumes;??
import?javax.ws.rs.DELETE;??
import?javax.ws.rs.GET;??
import?javax.ws.rs.POST;??
import?javax.ws.rs.PUT;??
import?javax.ws.rs.Path;??
import?javax.ws.rs.PathParam;??
import?javax.ws.rs.Produces;??
??
import?com.DAO.Person;??
import?com.DAO.Room;??
import?com.DAO.RoomDAO;??
import?com.DAO.Rooms;??
??
@Path("/roomservice")??
@Produces("application/xml")??
public?class?RoomService?{??
??????
????@GET??
????@Path("/room/{id}")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?Room?getRoom(@PathParam("id")String?id?)??
????{??
????????System.out.println("get?room?by?id=?"+id);??
????????Room?room=RoomDAO.getRoom(id);??
????????return?room;??
????}??
????@GET??
????@Path("/room")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?Rooms?getAllRoom()??
????{??
????????System.out.println("get?all?room");??
????????Rooms?rooms=RoomDAO.getRooms();??
????????return?rooms;??
????}??
??????
????@POST??
????@Path("/room")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?void?addRoom(Room?room)??
????{??
????????System.out.println("add?room?which?id?is:"+room.getId());??
????????RoomDAO.addRoom(room);??
????}??
????@PUT??
????@Path("/room/{id}")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?void?updateRoom(@PathParam("id")String?id,Room?room)??
????{??
????????System.out.println("update?room?which?original?id?is:"+room.getId());??
????????RoomDAO.updateRoom(id,room);??
????}??
????@DELETE??
????@Path("/room/{id}")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?void?deleteRoom(@PathParam("id")String?id)??
????{??
????????System.out.println("remove?room?by?id=?"+id);??
????????RoomDAO.deleteRoom(id);??
????}??
????@POST??
????@Path("/room/{id}")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?void?addPerson(@PathParam("id")?String?id,Person?person)??
????{??
????????System.out.println("add?person?who's?name?is:"+person.getName());??
????????RoomDAO.addPerson(id,?person);??
????}??
????@DELETE??
????@Path("/room/{id}/{name}")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?void?deletePerson(@PathParam("id")String?id,@PathParam("name")String?name)??
????{??
????????System.out.println("remove?person?who's?name?is:?"+name);??
????????RoomDAO.deletePerson(id,?name);??
????}??
}

需要注意：每个方法之前，要用annotation声明http请求的method类型，比如GET,DELETE,POST,PUT.?
@Produces("application/xml")我还没弄清楚到底是声明的接受格式还是返回格式，还是其他。?

@Path("/room/{id}")中的id是一个参数，应该在方法的参数列表中声明：?
public void deletePerson(@PathParam("id")String id,@PathParam("name")String name)?
这样就能得到URL中的id了。?

现在，这些房间被资源化了，id为001的房间被资源化为一个URL，那地址应该是?
http:{服务器地址}:{端口}/roomservice/rrom/001???

现在，创建一个Server：?

package?com.server;??
??
import?org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSServerFactoryBean;??
??
import?com.DAO.Person;??
import?com.DAO.Room;??
import?com.DAO.Rooms;??
??
public?class?Server?{??
??
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{??
????????RoomService?service?=?new?RoomService();??
??
????????//?Service?instance??
????????JAXRSServerFactoryBean?restServer?=?new?JAXRSServerFactoryBean();??
????????restServer.setResourceClasses(Room.class,Person.class,Rooms.class);??
????????restServer.setServiceBeans(service);??
????????restServer.setAddress("http://localhost:9999/");??
????????restServer.create();??
????}??
}

现在，服务已经发布成功了，在浏览器输入http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/001? 得到结果：?

<room>??<id>001</id>????
<persons>????
<entry>??<key>Boris</key>????
<value>??<name>Boris</name>??<sex>male</sex>??</value>??</entry>??</persons>??</room>

如果用浏览器去访问，发送的http请求只能所GET,因此如果想对数据进行操作，必须写一个客户端。?
在写客户端之前，有一个问题：?
在浏览器输入http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/?
什 么都看不到，可是，我想要得到房间列表。但是，cxf发布restful只认你给他的类的class。所以你想让服务器返回一个room的列表给客户端， 是不行的。所以，必须想别的办法，我是又写了一个POJO，这个POJO里只有一个属性，就是一个存放所有room的Map：?
package com.DAO;?

import?java.util.Map;??
??
import?javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;??
@XmlRootElement(name="rooms")??
public?class?Rooms?{??
????Map<String,Room>?rooms;??
????public?Rooms()??
????{??
????????rooms=RoomDAO.getMapOfRooms();??
????}??
????public?Map<String,?Room>?getRooms()?{??
????????return?rooms;??
????}??
????public?void?setRooms(Map<String,?Room>?rooms)?{??
????????this.rooms?=?rooms;??
????}??
}

这样，然后再把DAO的方法加上：?

@GET??
????@Path("/room")??
????@Consumes("application/xml")??
????public?Rooms?getAllRoom()??
????{??
????????System.out.println("get?all?room");??
????????Rooms?rooms=RoomDAO.getRooms();??
????????return?rooms;??
????}

这样就能以list的形式显示出所有room了。?
访问http://localhost:9999/roomservice/room/?
结果如下：?

<rooms>????
<rooms>????
<entry>??<key>006</key>????
<value>??<id>006</id>??<persons/>??</value>??</entry>????
<entry>??<key>001</key>????
<value>??<id>001</id>????
<persons>????
<entry>??<key>Boris</key>????
<value>??<name>Boris</name>??<sex>male</sex>??</value>??</entry>??</persons>??</value>??</entry>??</rooms>??</rooms>