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WebService使用实例

发布时间：2020-12-16 22:47:10 所属栏目：安全 来源：网络整理
导读：最近刚刚开始学习使用WebService的方法进行服务器端数据交互，发现网上的资料不是很全， 目前就结合收集到的一些资料做了一个小例子和大家分享一下~ 我们在 PC 机器 java 客户端中，需要一些库，比如 XFire,Axis2,CXF 等等来支持访问 WebService ，但是这些

最近刚刚开始学习使用WebService的方法进行服务器端数据交互，发现网上的资料不是很全，

目前就结合收集到的一些资料做了一个小例子和大家分享一下~

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然已经提供了基于版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

?首先下载包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包 ? ? ?下载地址? ? ? ? ?点击进入代码下载

然后新建项目：并把下载的包放在项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：

?

同时，只添加jar包肯能是不够的，需要添加class folder，即可以再工程的libs文件夹中加入下载的KSOAP包，如图：

??

?

环境配好之后可以用下面七个步骤来调用方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject对象，指定的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间
privatestatic?final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
privatestatic?final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request=new?SoapObject(serviceNameSpace,getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数：

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为协议版本号，与你要调用的中版本号一致)：

//获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new?SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope ?(new?MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明文档URL //请求URL
privatestatic?final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
//Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport=new?AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：对象 transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName,envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
????????????????return?parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
????????????}

这里有个地址提供天气预报的服务网站，在浏览器中输入网站：http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx可以看到该网站提供的

调用方法，点进去之后可以看到调用时需要输入的参数，当然有的不需要参数，例如：getSupportProvince?，而getSupportCity需要输入查找的省份名，getWeatherbyCityName?需要输入查找的城市名。接下来我们就利用这三个接口获得数据，并做出显示：

获得本天气预报Web Service支持的洲，国内外省份和城市信息：

[html]? view plain copy print ?
  1. public?class?MainActivity?extends?Activity?{??
  2. ????//?WSDL文档中的命名空间??
  3. ????private?static?final?String?targetNameSpace?=?"http://WebXml.com.cn/";??
  4. ????//?WSDL文档中的URL??
  5. ????private?static?final?String?WSDL?=?"http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";??
  6. ??
  7. ????//?需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web?Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)??
  8. ????private?static?final?String?getSupportProvince?=?"getSupportProvince";??
  9. ????private?List<Map<String,String>>?listItems;??
  10. ????private?ListView?mListView;??
  11. ??
  12. ????@Override??
  13. ????protected?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??
  14. ????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??
  15. ????????setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);??
  16. ????????listItems?=?new?ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();??
  17. ????????mListView?=?(ListView)?findViewById(R.id.province_list);??
  18. ????????new?NetAsyncTask().execute();??
  19. ????????mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new?AdapterView.OnItemClickListener()?{??
  20. ????????????@Override??
  21. ????????????public?void?onItemClick(AdapterView<?>?parent,?View?view,??
  22. ????????????????????int?position,?long?id)?{??
  23. ????????????????String?mProvinceName?=?listItems.get(position).get("province");??
  24. ????????????????Log.d("ProvinceName",?mProvinceName);??
  25. ????????????????Intent?intent?=?new?Intent();??
  26. ????????????????intent.putExtra("Pname",85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????intent.setClass(MainActivity.this,?CityActivity.class);??
  27. ????????????????startActivity(intent);??
  28. ????????????}??
  29. ??????????????
  30. ????????});??
  31. ????}??
  32. ????class?NetAsyncTask?extends?AsyncTask<Object,?Object,?String>?{??
  33. ????????@Override??
  34. ????????protected?void?onPostExecute(String?result)?{??
  35. ????????????if?(result.equals("success"))?{??
  36. ????????????????//列表适配器??
  37. ????????????????SimpleAdapter?simpleAdapter?=?new?SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this,?listItems,?R.layout.province_item,???
  38. ????????????????????????new?String[]?{"province"},?new?int[]{R.id.province});??
  39. ????????????????mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);??
  40. ????????????super.onPostExecute(result);??
  41. ????????}??
  42. ????????@Override??
  43. ????????protected?String?doInBackground(Object...?params)?{??
  44. ????????????//?根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象??
  45. ????????????SoapObject?soapObject?=?new?SoapObject(targetNameSpace,??
  46. ????????????????????getSupportProvince);??
  47. ????????????//?通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象??
  48. ????????????SoapSerializationEnvelope?envelop?=?new?SoapSerializationEnvelope(??
  49. ????????????????????SoapEnvelope.VER11);??
  50. ????????????//?将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息??
  51. ????????????envelop.dotNet?=?true;??
  52. ????????????envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);??
  53. ????????????//?或者envelop.bodyOut?=?soapObject;??
  54. ????????????HttpTransportSE?httpSE?=?new?HttpTransportSE(WSDL);??
  55. ????????????//?开始调用远程方法??
  56. ????????????try?{??
  57. ????????????????httpSE.call(targetNameSpace?+?getSupportProvince,?envelop);??
  58. ????????????????//?得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象??
  59. ????????????????SoapObject?resultObj?=?(SoapObject)?envelop.getResponse();??
  60. ????????????????//?得到服务器传回的数据??
  61. ????????????????int?count?=?resultObj.getPropertyCount();??
  62. ????????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?count;?i++)?{??
  63. ????????????????????Map<String,String>?listItem?=?new?HashMap<String,?String>();??
  64. ????????????????????listItem.put("province",?resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());??
  65. ????????????????????listItems.add(listItem);??
  66. ????????????????}??
  67. ????????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{??
  68. ????????????????e.printStackTrace();??
  69. ????????????????return?"IOException";??
  70. ????????????}?catch?(XmlPullParserException?e)?{??
  71. ????????????????e.printStackTrace();??
  72. ????????????????return?"XmlPullParserException";??
  73. ????????????return?"success";??
  74. }??

显示省份列表的activity_main.xml文件：

?
    <LinearLayout?xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??
  1. ????android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
  2. ????android:layout_height="match_parent"?>??
  3. ????<ListView???
  4. ????????android:id="@+id/province_list"??
  5. ????????android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
  6. ????????android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>??
  7. </LinearLayout>??


列表中选项显示的province_item.xml文件：

?
    <?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="utf-8"?>??
  1. <LinearLayout?xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??
  2. ????android:layout_width="match_parent"??
  3. ????android:layout_height="match_parent"??
  4. ????android:orientation="vertical"?>??
  5. ??????
  6. ????<TextView???
  7. ????????android:id="@+id/province"??
  8. ????????android:layout_height="match_parent"??
  9. ????????android:textSize="20sp"/>??
  10. </LinearLayout>??


效果图，如图：

?

查询本天气预报Web Services支持的国内外城市或地区信息：

[java]? ?
    public?class?CityActivity?extends?Activity?{??
  1. ????//?WSDL文档中的命名空间??
  2. ????private?static?final?String?targetNameSpace?=?"http://WebXml.com.cn/";??
  3. //?WSDL文档中的URL??
  4. ????private?static?final?String?WSDL?=?"http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";??
  5. ????//?需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web?Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)??
  6. ????private?static?final?String?getSupportCity?=?"getSupportCity";??
  7. ????private?List<Map<String,String>>?listItems;??
  8. ????private?ListView?mListView;??
  9. ????@Override??
  10. ????protected?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??
  11. ????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??
  12. ????????listItems?=?new?ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();??
  13. ????????mListView?=?(ListView)?findViewById(R.id.province_list);??
  14. ????????new?NetAsyncTask().execute();??
  15. ????????//列表单击事件监听??
  16. ????????mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new?AdapterView.OnItemClickListener()?{??
  17. ???????????? ????????????public?void?onItemClick(AdapterView<?>?parent,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????????int?position,?long?id)?{??
  18. ????????????????String?mCityName?=?listItems.get(position).get("city");??
  19. ????????????????String?cityName?=?getCityName(mCityName);??
  20. ????????????????Log.d("CityName",?cityName);??
  21. ????????????????Intent?intent?=?new?Intent();??
  22. ????????????????//存储选择的城市名??
  23. ????????????????intent.putExtra("Cname",?cityName);??
  24. ????????????????intent.setClass(CityActivity.this,?WeatherActivity.class);??
  25. ????????????????startActivity(intent);??
  26. ????????????}??
  27. ??????????????
  28. ????????});??
  29. ????}??
  30. /**?
  31. ?????*?拆分“城市?（代码）”字符串，将“城市”字符串分离?
  32. ?????*?@param?name?
  33. ?????*?@return?
  34. ?????*/??
  35. ????public?String?getCityName(String?name)?{??
  36. ????????String?city?=?"";??
  37. ????????int?position?=?name.indexOf('?');??
  38. ????????city?=?name.substring(0,?position);??
  39. ????????return?city;??
  40. ????class?NetAsyncTask?extends?AsyncTask<Object,?String>?{??
  41. ????????@Override??
  42. ????????protected?void?onPostExecute(String?result)?{??
  43. ????????????if?(result.equals("success"))?{??
  44. ????????????????//列表适配器??
  45. ????????????????SimpleAdapter?simpleAdapter?=?new?SimpleAdapter(CityActivity.this,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????????????new?String[]?{"city"},?new?int[]{R.id.province});??
  46. ????????????super.onPostExecute(result);??
  47. ???????? ????????protected?String?doInBackground(Object...?params)?{??
  48. ????????????//?根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象??
  49. ????????????SoapObject?soapObject?=?new?SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);??
  50. //参数输入??
  51. ????????????String?name?=?getIntent().getExtras().getString("Pname");??
  52. ????????????soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName",?name);??
  53. ????????????//?通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象??
  54. ????????????SoapSerializationEnvelope?envelop?=?new?SoapSerializationEnvelope(??
  55. //?将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息??
  56. ????????????envelop.dotNet?=?true;??
  57. ????????????envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);??
  58. ????????????HttpTransportSE?httpSE?=?new?HttpTransportSE(WSDL);??
  59. //?开始调用远程方法??
  60. ????????????try?{??
  61. ????????????????httpSE.call(targetNameSpace?+?getSupportCity,0); background-color:inherit">//?得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象??
  62. ????????????????SoapObject?resultObj?=?(SoapObject)?envelop.getResponse();??
  63. //?得到服务器传回的数据??
  64. ????????????????int?count?=?resultObj.getPropertyCount();??
  65. ????????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?count;?i++)?{??
  66. ????????????????????Map<String,String>?listItem?=?new?HashMap<String,?String>();??
  67. ????????????????????listItem.put("city",?resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());??
  68. ????????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{??
  69. ????????????????return?"IOException";??
  70. ????????????}?catch?(XmlPullParserException?e)?{??
  71. ????????????????return?"XmlPullParserException";??
  72. ????????????return?"success";??
  73. }??


用于列表显示的xml重复使用，这里就不再重复写一次了，效果图，如图：


最后，根据选择的城市或地区名称获得天气情况：

?
    public?class?WeatherActivity?extends?Activity?{??
  1. //WSDL文档中的命名空间??
  2. ????private?static?final?String?targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";??
  3. //WSDL文档中的URL??
  4. ????private?static?final?String?WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";??
  5. //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数??
  6. ????private?static?final?String?getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";??
  7. ????WeatherBean?mWBean;??
  8. ????private?ImageView?mImageView;??
  9. ????private?EditText?mCityName;??
  10. ????private?EditText?mTemp;??
  11. ????private?EditText?mWeather;??
  12. ????private?TextView?mToday;??
  13. ????private?TextView?mDetail;??
  14. ????private?int?Image[];??
  15. ???? ????protected?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??
  16. ????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??
  17. ????????setContentView(R.layout.weather);??
  18. ????????Image?=?new?int[]{R.drawable.image0,R.drawable.image1,R.drawable.image2,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image3,R.drawable.image4,R.drawable.image5,??
  19. ????????????????R.drawable.image6,R.drawable.image7,R.drawable.image8,??
  20. ????????????????R.drawable.image9,R.drawable.image10,R.drawable.image11,226); color:inherit; line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image12,R.drawable.image13,R.drawable.image14,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image15,R.drawable.image16,R.drawable.image17,226); color:inherit; line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image18,R.drawable.image19,R.drawable.image20,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image21,R.drawable.image22,R.drawable.image23,226); color:inherit; line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image24,R.drawable.image25,R.drawable.image26,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????R.drawable.image27};??
  21. ????????mWBean?=?new?WeatherBean();??
  22. ????????mImageView?=?(ImageView)?findViewById(R.id.picture);??
  23. ????????mCityName?=?(EditText)?findViewById(R.id.city_name);??
  24. ????????mTemp?=?(EditText)?findViewById(R.id.temp);??
  25. ????????mWeather?=?(EditText)?findViewById(R.id.weather);??
  26. ????????mToday?=?(TextView)?findViewById(R.id.today_weather);??
  27. ????????mDetail?=?(TextView)?findViewById(R.id.city_detail);??
  28. ??????????
  29. ??????
  30. ????class?NetAsyncTask?extends?AsyncTask<Object,?String>?{??
  31. ????????protected?void?onPostExecute(String?result)?{??
  32. ????????????String?image?=?mWBean.getWeatherPicture();??
  33. ????????????int?position?=?getImageId(image);??
  34. ????????????Log.d("image",?Image[position]+"");??
  35. ????????????mImageView.setImageResource(Image[position]);??
  36. ????????????mCityName.setText(mWBean.getCityName());??
  37. ????????????mTemp.setText(mWBean.getTemp());??
  38. ????????????mWeather.setText(mWBean.getWeather());??
  39. ????????????mToday.setText(mWBean.getLiveWeather());??
  40. ????????????mDetail.setText(mWBean.getCityDetail());??
  41. ????????public?int?getImageId(String?picture)?{??
  42. ????????????int?id?=?0;??
  43. ????????????int?tempId?=?picture.indexOf('.');??
  44. ????????????String?sub?=?picture.substring( ????????????id?=?Integer.parseInt(sub);??
  45. ????????????return?id;??
  46. ????????????String?city?=?getIntent().getExtras().getString("Cname");??
  47. ????????????soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）??
  48. //?通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象??
  49. ????????????SoapSerializationEnvelope?envelop?=?new?SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);??
  50. ????????????envelop.dotNet?=?true;??
  51. //?或者envelop.bodyOut?=?soapObject;??
  52. ????????????????httpSE.call(targetNameSpace?+?getWeatherbyCityName,85); line-height:18px"> ????????????????mWBean.setCityName(resultObj.getProperty(1).toString());??
  53. ????????????????mWBean.setTemp(resultObj.getProperty(5).toString());??
  54. ????????????????mWBean.setWeather(resultObj.getProperty(6).toString());??
  55. ????????????????mWBean.setWeatherPicture(resultObj.getProperty(8).toString());??
  56. ????????????????mWBean.setLiveWeather(resultObj.getProperty(10).toString());??
  57. ????????????????mWBean.setCityDetail(resultObj.getProperty(22).toString());??
  58. ??????????????????
  59. ????????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{??
  60. ????????????????return?"IOException";??
  61. ????????????}?catch?(XmlPullParserException?e)?{??
  62. ????????????????return?"XmlPullParserException";??
  63. ????????????return?"success";??
  64. ????????}??
  65. }??


这里没有显示全部的信息，提供了一个存储部分天气信息的类：

?
    public?class?WeatherBean?{??
  1. ????private?String?CityName;??
  2. ????private?String?Temp;??
  3. ????private?String?Weather;??
  4. ????private?String?WeatherPicture;??
  5. ????private?String?LiveWeather;??
  6. ????private?String?CityDetail;??
  7. ????public?String?getCityName()?{??
  8. ????????return?CityName;??
  9. ????public?void?setCityName(String?cityName)?{??
  10. ????????CityName?=?cityName;??
  11. ????public?String?getLiveWeather()?{??
  12. ????????return?LiveWeather;??
  13. ????public?void?setLiveWeather(String?liveWeather)?{??
  14. ????????LiveWeather?=?liveWeather;??
  15. ????public?String?getTemp()?{??
  16. ????????return?Temp;??
  17. ????public?void?setTemp(String?temp)?{??
  18. ????????Temp?=?temp;??
  19. ????public?String?getWeather()?{??
  20. ????????return?Weather;??
  21. ????public?void?setWeather(String?weather)?{??
  22. ????????Weather?=?weather;??
  23. ????public?String?getWeatherPicture()?{??
  24. ????????return?WeatherPicture;??
  25. ????public?void?setWeatherPicture(String?weatherPicture)?{??
  26. ????????WeatherPicture?=?weatherPicture;??
  27. ????public?String?getCityDetail()?{??
  28. ????????return?CityDetail;??
  29. ????public?void?setCityDetail(String?cityDetail)?{??
  30. ????????CityDetail?=?cityDetail;??
  31. }??

?

显示天气状况的weather.xml文件：

?
    <ScrollView?xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??
  1. ????<LinearLayout??
  2. ????????android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
  3. ????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"??
  4. ????????android:orientation="vertical"?>??
  5. ????????<TableLayout??
  6. ????????????android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
  7. ????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?>??
  8. ????????????<TableRow>??
  9. ????????????????<TextView??
  10. ????????????????????android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
  11. ????????????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"??
  12. ????????????????????android:text="天气实况："??
  13. ????????????????????android:textSize="16sp"?/>??
  14. ????????????????<ImageView??
  15. ????????????????????android:id="@+id/picture"??
  16. ????????????????????android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
  17. ????????????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?/>??
  18. ????????????</TableRow>??
  19. ????????????????????android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
  20. ????????????????????android:layout_weight="1"??
  21. ????????????????????android:text="城市:"??
  22. ????????????????????android:textSize="16sp"?/>??
  23. ????????????????<EditText??
  24. ????????????????????android:id="@+id/city_name"??
  25. ????????????????????android:layout_weight="2"??
  26. ????????????????????android:hint="城市名称"??
  27. ????????????????????android:editable="false"?/>??
  28. ????????????????????android:text="温度:"??
  29. ????????????????????android:id="@+id/temp"??
  30. ????????????????????android:hint="今日气温"??
  31. ????????????????????android:text="天气:"??
  32. ????????????????????android:id="@+id/weather"??
  33. ????????????????????android:hint="今日天气"??
  34. ????????</TableLayout>??
  35. ????????<TextView??
  36. ????????????android:id="@+id/today_weather"??
  37. ????????????android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
  38. ????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"??
  39. ????????????android:textSize="16sp"?/>??
  40. ????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"??
  41. ????????????android:text="城市简介："??
  42. ????????????android:id="@+id/city_detail"??
  43. ????</LinearLayout>??
  44. </ScrollView>??


效果图如图：

这里许多功能做得不是很完善，大家可以根据自己的需要进行设计~


点击进入代码下载

（编辑：李大同）

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