Bash正则表达式匹配不起作用 – 转义所有特殊字符

发布时间：2020-12-15 21:34:22 所属栏目：安全来源：网络整理

导读：我遇到了与bash正则表达式匹配的问题.我有这样的正则表达式： re="fatal: file not found: .+/tmp_dir_1234/([^ ]*) (No such file or directory)"test="fatal: file not found: /some/path/irrelevant/something/tmp_dir_1234/somefile.txt (No such fil

我遇到了与bash正则表达式匹配的问题.我有这样的正则表达式：

re="fatal: file not found: .+/tmp_dir_1234/([^ ]*) (No such file or directory)"
test="fatal: file not found: /some/path/irrelevant/something/tmp_dir_1234/somefile.txt (No such file or directory)"
if [[ "$test" =~ "$re" ]]; then
    echo "match!"
fi

对我来说,这里的一切看起来都不错,但出于某种原因,在调试bash脚本时我可以看到它与字符串不匹配：

+ [[ fatal: file not found: /some/path/irrelevant/something/tmp_dir_1234/somefile.txt (No such file or directory) =~ fatal: file not found: .+/tmp_dir_1234/([^ ]*) (No such file or directory) ]]

出于某种原因,正则表达式模式被转义.

解决方法

从匹配中的正则表达式中删除双引号：

if [[ "$test" =~ $re ]]; then
    echo "match!"
fi

在双方括号中,不需要引用变量,因为它们是以特殊方式解析的.有关详细信息,请参阅man bash：

Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the words between the [[ and ]]; tilde expansion,parameter and variable expansion,arithmetic expansion,command substitution,process substitution,and quote removal are performed.

（编辑：李大同）

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