Shell脚本处理JSON数据工具jq

当我们在LInux下需要处理json数据时,第一反应是用脚本编写一个工具,这样即耗时又不通用. 本文将介绍专门的命令行json处理工具jq.

1、安装：

1）Ubuntu用户可以直接使用下列命令安装:

$ sudo apt-get install jq

https://github.com/stedolan/jq
3）直接下载可执行文件：

https://stedolan.github.io/jq/

2、使用：

{
    "name": "中国","province": [{
        "name": "黑龙江","cities": {
            "city": ["哈尔滨","大庆"]
        }
    },{
        "name": "广东","cities": {
            "city": ["广州","深圳","珠海"]
        }
    },{
        "name": "台湾","cities": {
            "city": ["台北","高雄"]
        }
    },{
        "name": "新疆","cities": {
            "city": ["乌鲁木齐"]
        }
    }]
}

1）解析json：

$ cat test.json | jq '.name'
"中国"
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[0].name'
"黑龙江"
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[].name'
"黑龙江"
"广东"
"台湾"
"新疆"

$ cat test.json | jq '.province[0]'
{
  "cities": {
    "city": [
      "哈尔滨","大庆"
    ]
  },"name": "黑龙江"
}
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[]'
{
  "cities": {
    "city": [
      "哈尔滨","name": "黑龙江"
}
{
  "cities": {
    "city": [
      "广州","珠海"
    ]
  },"name": "广东"
}
{
  "cities": {
    "city": [
      "台北","高雄"
    ]
  },"name": "台湾"
}
{
  "cities": {
    "city": [
      "乌鲁木齐"
    ]
  },"name": "新疆"
}
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[0] | {name,cities}'
{
  "cities": {
    "city": [
      "哈尔滨","name": "黑龙江"
}
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[0] | {name}'
{
  "name": "黑龙江"
}

$ cat test.json | jq 'keys'
[
  "name","province"
]
$ cat test.json | jq '.|keys'
[
  "name","province"
]
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[0]|keys'
[
  "cities","name"
]
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[]|keys'
[
  "cities","name"
]
[
  "cities","name"
]

$ cat test.json | jq 'has("name")'
true
$ cat test.json | jq '.province[0] | has("name")'
true
$ cat test.json | jq 'has("noname")'
false

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1612_chengg_jq/index.html

（编辑：李大同）

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