yum 安装 MySQL

1 查看Linux发行版本

[root@typecodes~]#cat/etc/redhat-release
CentOSLinuxrelease7.2.1511(Core)

2 下载MySQL官方的Yum Repository

根据Linux发行版本（CentOS、Fedora都属于红帽系），从mysql官方（http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/）获取Yum Repository。

[root@typecodes~]#wget-ihttp://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
--2016-02-0318:36:02--http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
Resolvingdev.mysql.com(dev.mysql.com)...137.254.60.11
Connectingtodev.mysql.com(dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80...connected.
HTTPrequestsent,awaitingresponse...302Found
Location:http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm[following]
--2016-02-0318:36:04--http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
Resolvingrepo.mysql.com(repo.mysql.com)...104.102.164.25
Connectingtorepo.mysql.com(repo.mysql.com)|104.102.164.25|:80...connected.
HTTPrequestsent,awaitingresponse...200OK
Length:8984(8.8K)[application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Savingto:‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm’

100%[=============================================================================================================================>]8,984--.-K/sin0s

2016-02-0318:36:07(68.4MB/s)-‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm’saved[8984/8984]

3 安装MySQL的Yum Repository

安装完MySQL的Yum Repository，每次执行yum update都会检查MySQL是否更新。

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yinstallmysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
Loadedplugins:axelget,fastestmirror,langpacks
Examiningmysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm:mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch
Markingmysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpmtobeinstalled
ResolvingDependencies
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql57-community-release.noarch0:el7-7willbeinstalled
-->FinishedDependencyResolution

DependenciesResolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================
PackageArchVersionRepositorySize
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql57-community-releasenoarchel7-7/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch7.8k

TransactionSummary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Install1Package

Totalsize:7.8k
Installedsize:7.8k
Downloadingpackages:
Runningtransactioncheck
Runningtransactiontest
Transactiontestsucceeded
Runningtransaction
Installing:mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch1/1
Verifying:mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch1/1

Installed:
mysql57-community-release.noarch0:el7-7

Complete!

3 安装MySQL数据库的服务器版本

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yinstallmysql-community-server
Loadedplugins:axelget,langpacks
Nometadataavailableforbase
Nometadataavailableforepel
Nometadataavailableforextras
repomd.xml|2.5kB00:00:00
updatemysql-connectors-communitymetadatasuccessfully
repomd.xml|2.5kB00:00:00
updatemysql-tools-communitymetadatasuccessfully
repomd.xml|2.5kB00:00:00
updatemysql57-communitymetadatasuccessfully
Nometadataavailableforupdates
mysql-connectors-community|2.5kB00:00:00
mysql-tools-community|2.5kB00:00:00
mysql57-community|2.5kB00:00:00
(1/3):mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db|24kB00:00:01
(2/3):mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db|28kB00:00:01
(3/3):mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db|8.6kB00:00:02
Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile
*base:mirrors.aliyun.com
*epel:mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
*extras:mirrors.163.com
*updates:mirrors.163.com
ResolvingDependencies
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql-community-server.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-community-common(x86-64)=5.7.10-1.el7forpackage:mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-community-client(x86-64)=5.7.10-1.el7forpackage:mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql-community-client.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->ProcessingDependency:mysql-community-libs(x86-64)=5.7.10-1.el7forpackage:mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
--->Packagemysql-community-common.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeinstalled
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centoswillbeobsoleted
-->ProcessingDependency:libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
-->ProcessingDependency:libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--->Packagemysql-community-libs.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeobsoleting
-->Runningtransactioncheck
--->Packagemysql-community-libs-compat.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7willbeobsoleting
-->FinishedDependencyResolution

DependenciesResolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================
PackageArchVersionRepositorySize
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-libsx86_645.7.10-1.el7mysql57-community2.2M
replacingmariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
mysql-community-libs-compatx86_645.7.10-1.el7mysql57-community2.0M
replacingmariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
mysql-community-serverx86_645.7.10-1.el7mysql57-community142M
Installingfordependencies:
mysql-community-clientx86_645.7.10-1.el7mysql57-community24M
mysql-community-commonx86_645.7.10-1.el7mysql57-community269k

TransactionSummary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Install3Packages(+2Dependentpackages)

Totaldownloadsize:171M
Downloadingpackages:
mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|142MB00:03:42
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|2.0MB00:00:03
mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|2.2MB00:00:05
mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|24MB00:00:41
warning:/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSA/SHA1Signature,keyID5072e1f5:NOKEY00ETA
Publickeyformysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpmisnotinstalled
mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm|269kB00:00:01
Retrievingkeyfromfile:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
ImportingGPGkey0x5072E1F5:
Userid:"MySQLReleaseEngineering<mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
Fingerprint:a4a9406876fcbd3c456770c88c718d3b5072e1f5
Package:mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch(@/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch)
From:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Runningtransactioncheck
Runningtransactiontest
Transactiontestsucceeded
Runningtransaction
Installing:mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_641/6
Installing:mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_642/6
Installing:mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_643/6
Installing:mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_644/6
Installing:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_645/6
Erasing:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_646/6
Verifying:mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_641/6
Verifying:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_642/6
Verifying:mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_643/6
Verifying:mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_644/6
Verifying:mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_645/6
Verifying:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_646/6

Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7mysql-community-server.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7

DependencyInstalled:
mysql-community-client.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7mysql-community-common.x86_640:5.7.10-1.el7

Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.44-2.el7.centos

Complete!
[root@typecodes~]#clear

最后的截图：

4 启动数据库：

[root@typecodes~]#systemctlstartmysqld.service

然后使用命令systemctl status mysqld.service查看MySQL数据库启动后的服务状态：

5 获取初始密码

使用YUM安装并启动MySQL服务后，MySQL进程会自动在进程日志中打印root用户的初始密码：

#######从mysql进程日志中获取root用户的初始密码：ra%yk7urCBIh
[root@typecodes~]#grep"password"/var/log/mysqld.log
2016-02-03T10:42:17.272166Z1[Note]Atemporarypasswordisgeneratedforroot@localhost:ra%yk7urCBIh
2016-02-03T10:42:36.776875Z2[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:42:52.063138Z3[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:42:57.564373Z4[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:43:01.477007Z5[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:46:03.642008Z6[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:46:11.217889Z7[Note]Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(usingpassword:NO)
2016-02-03T10:47:44.755199Z0[Note]Shuttingdownplugin'validate_password'
2016-02-03T10:47:46.505844Z0[Note]Shuttingdownplugin'sha256_password'
2016-02-03T10:47:46.505851Z0[Note]Shuttingdownplugin'mysql_native_password'

6 修改root用户密码

使用小节5中获取的root用户的初始密码，然后进行修改：

[root@typecodes~]#mysql-uroot-p
Enterpassword:#######输入默认的root密码后回车
WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;org.
YourMySQLconnectionidis2
Serverversion:5.7.10

Copyright(c)2000,2015,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.

OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits
affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective
owners.

Type'help;'or'h'forhelp.Type'c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.

mysql>ALTERUSER'root'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'newpassword';
QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec)

mysql>exit
Bye

7 安装完毕

至此，使用在CentOS7中使用YUM方法安装MySQL5.7.10数据库完毕。如下所示，可以使用新的root密码登陆MySQL了。

[root@typecodes~]#mysql-uroot-ppassword
mysql:[Warning]Usingapasswordonthecommandlineinterfacecanbeinsecure.
WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;org.
YourMySQLconnectionidis3
Serverversion:5.7.10MySQLCommunityServer(GPL)

Copyright(c)2000,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.

OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits
affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective
owners.

Type'help;'or'h'forhelp.Type'c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement.

mysql>usemysql;
Readingtableinformationforcompletionoftableandcolumnnames
Youcanturnoffthisfeaturetogetaquickerstartupwith-A

Databasechanged
mysql>showdatabases;
+--------------------+
|Database|
+--------------------+
|information_schema|
|mysql|
|performance_schema|
|sys|
+--------------------+
4rowsinset(0.00sec)

mysql>clear
mysql>exit
Bye
[root@typecodes~]#clear

附录1：查看MySQL数据库的配置信息

MySQL的配置文件依然是/etc/my.cnf，其它安装信息可以通过mysql_config命令查看。其中，动态库文件存放在/usr/lib64/mysql目录下。

附录2：对于C/C++等开发者

由于需要用到类似mysql.h等头文件，需要执行下面的命令安装mysql开发版本即可。

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yinstallmysql-community-devel

附录3：删除MySQL的Repository

因为小节3中安装了MySQL的Yum Repository，所以以后每次执行yum操作时，都会去检查更新。如果想要去掉这种自动检查操作的话，可以使用如下命令卸载MySQL的Repository即可。

[root@typecodes~]#yum-yremovemysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch

update 2017.04.10 11:10

使用上面的yum方法也可以安装目前mysql官网上最新的版本mysql5.7.18。只要替换小节2中rmp包的版本即可，后续操作步骤不变。

wget-i-chttp://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

（编辑：李大同）

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