为什么在Windows 7(x64)上安装用于Python v3.4的matplotlib失败

C:Usersjonc>pip install matplotlib
Downloading/unpacking matplotlib
  Running setup.py (path:C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip_build_Joncmatplotlibsetup.py) egg_info for package matpl
otlib
    ============================================================================
    Edit setup.cfg to change the build options

    BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
                matplotlib: yes [1.3.1]
                    python: yes [3.4.0 (v3.4.0:04f714765c13,Mar 16 2014,19:25:23) [MSC v.1600 64 bit (AMD64)]]
                  platform: yes [win32]

    REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
                     numpy: yes [not found. pip may install it below.]
                  dateutil: yes [dateutil was not found. It is required for date
                            axis support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                   tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the
                            WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                 pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for
                            mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                     pycxx: yes [Official versions of PyCXX are not compatible
                            with Python 3.x.  Using local copy]
                    libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
                            be found. Using local copy.]
                  freetype: yes [Unknown version]
                       png: yes [pkg-config information for 'libpng' could not
                            be found. Using unknown version.]

    OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES
               sample_data: yes [installing]
                  toolkits: yes [installing]
                     tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the
                            matplotlib test suite]

    OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS
                    macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]
                    qt4agg: no  [PyQt4 not found]
                   gtk3agg: no  [gtk3agg backend does not work on Python 3]
                 gtk3cairo: no  [Requires cairo to be installed.]
                    gtkagg: no  [Requires pygtk]
                     tkagg: no  [The C/C++ header for Tk (tk.h) could not be
                            found.  You may need to install the development
                            package.]
                     wxagg: no  [requires wxPython]
                       gtk: no  [Requires pygtk]
                       agg: yes [installing]
                     cairo: no  [cairo not found]
                 windowing: yes [installing,installing]

    OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES
                    dvipng: no
               ghostscript: no
                     latex: no
                   pdftops: no

    non-existing path in 'numpydistutils': 'site.cfg'
    non-existing path in 'numpylib': 'benchmarks'
    Running from numpy source directory.
    C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1521: UserWarning:

        Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting
        the ATLAS environment variable.
      warnings.warn(AtlasNotFoundError.__doc__)
    C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1530: UserWarning:

        Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
        the BLAS environment variable.
      warnings.warn(BlasNotFoundError.__doc__)
    C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1533: UserWarning:

        Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.
        Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
        the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
      warnings.warn(BlasSrcNotFoundError.__doc__)
    C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1427: UserWarning:

        Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting
        the ATLAS environment variable.
      warnings.warn(AtlasNotFoundError.__doc__)
    C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1438: UserWarning:

        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
        the LAPACK environment variable.
      warnings.warn(LapackNotFoundError.__doc__)
    C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1441: UserWarning:

        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
        Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
        the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
      warnings.warn(LapackSrcNotFoundError.__doc__)
    C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py:260: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>",line 17,in <module>
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip_build_Joncmatplotlibsetup.py",line 268,in <module>
        **extra_args
      File "C:Python34libdistutilscore.py",line 109,in setup
        _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolsdist.py",line 239,in __init__
        self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs.pop('setup_requires'))
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolsdist.py",line 263,in fetch_build_eggs
        parse_requirements(requires),installer=self.fetch_build_egg
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagespkg_resources.py",line 564,in resolve
        dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req,self,installer)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagespkg_resources.py",line 802,in best_match
        return self.obtain(req,installer) # try and download/install
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagespkg_resources.py",line 814,in obtain
        return installer(requirement)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolsdist.py",line 313,in fetch_build_egg
        return cmd.easy_install(req)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",line 593,in easy_install
        return self.install_item(spec,dist.location,tmpdir,deps)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",line 623,in install_item
        dists = self.install_eggs(spec,download,tmpdir)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",line 809,in install_eggs
        return self.build_and_install(setup_script,setup_base)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",line 1015,in build_and_install
        self.run_setup(setup_script,setup_base,args)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",line 1000,in run_setup
        run_setup(setup_script,args)
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolssandbox.py",line 50,in run_setup
        lambda: execfile(
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolssandbox.py",line 100,in run
        return func()
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolssandbox.py",line 52,in <lambda>
        {'__file__':setup_script,'__name__':'__main__'}
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscompat.py",line 78,in execfile
        exec(compile(source,fn,'exec'),globs,locs)
      File "setup.py",in <module>
        author_email="mdroe@stsci.edu",File "setup.py",line 231,in setup_package
        setup_requires = []
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscore.py",line 169,in se
tup
      File "C:Python34libdistutilscore.py",line 149,in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py",line 955,in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py",line 974,in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandbdist_egg.py",line 177,in run
        self.run_command("egg_info")
      File "C:Python34libdistutilscmd.py",in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py",in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandegg_info.py",lin
e 10,in run
      File "C:Python34libdistutilscmd.py",in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",li
ne 153,in run
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",li
ne 164,in build_sources
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",li
ne 299,in build_library_sources
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",li
ne 386,in generate_sources
      File "numpycoresetup.py",line 680,in get_mathlib_info
      File "C:Python34libdistutilscommandconfig.py",line 243,in try_link
        self._check_compiler()
      File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandconfig.py",line
57,in _check_compiler
      File "C:Python34libdistutilsmsvc9compiler.py",line 371,in initialize
        vc_env = query_vcvarsall(VERSION,plat_spec)
      File "C:Python34libdistutilsmsvc9compiler.py",line 287,in query_vcvarsall
        raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))
    ValueError: ['path']
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    ============================================================================

Edit setup.cfg to change the build options



BUILDING MATPLOTLIB

            matplotlib: yes [1.3.1]

                python: yes [3.4.0 (v3.4.0:04f714765c13,19:25:23) [MSC v.1600 64 bit (AMD64)]]

              platform: yes [win32]



REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS

                 numpy: yes [not found. pip may install it below.]

              dateutil: yes [dateutil was not found. It is required for date

                        axis support. pip/easy_install may attempt to

                        install it after matplotlib.]

               tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the

                        WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to

                        install it after matplotlib.]

             pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for

                        mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to

                        install it after matplotlib.]

                 pycxx: yes [Official versions of PyCXX are not compatible

                        with Python 3.x.  Using local copy]

                libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not

                        be found. Using local copy.]

              freetype: yes [Unknown version]

                   png: yes [pkg-config information for 'libpng' could not

                        be found. Using unknown version.]



OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES

           sample_data: yes [installing]

              toolkits: yes [installing]

                 tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the

                        matplotlib test suite]



OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS

                macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]

                qt4agg: no  [PyQt4 not found]

               gtk3agg: no  [gtk3agg backend does not work on Python 3]

             gtk3cairo: no  [Requires cairo to be installed.]

                gtkagg: no  [Requires pygtk]

                 tkagg: no  [The C/C++ header for Tk (tk.h) could not be

                        found.  You may need to install the development

                        package.]

                 wxagg: no  [requires wxPython]

                   gtk: no  [Requires pygtk]

                   agg: yes [installing]

                 cairo: no  [cairo not found]

             windowing: yes [installing,installing]



OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES

                dvipng: no

           ghostscript: no

                 latex: no

               pdftops: no



non-existing path in 'numpydistutils': 'site.cfg'

non-existing path in 'numpylib': 'benchmarks'

Running from numpy source directory.

C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1521: UserWarning:

    Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.

    Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the

    numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting

    the ATLAS environment variable.

  warnings.warn(AtlasNotFoundError.__doc__)

C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1530: UserWarning:

    Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.

    Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the

    numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting

    the BLAS environment variable.

  warnings.warn(BlasNotFoundError.__doc__)

C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1533: UserWarning:

    Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.

    Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the

    numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting

    the BLAS_SRC environment variable.

  warnings.warn(BlasSrcNotFoundError.__doc__)

C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1427: UserWarning:

    Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.

    Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the

    numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting

    the ATLAS environment variable.

  warnings.warn(AtlasNotFoundError.__doc__)

C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1438: UserWarning:

    Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.

    Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the

    numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting

    the LAPACK environment variable.

  warnings.warn(LapackNotFoundError.__doc__)

C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilssystem_info.py:1441: UserWarning:

    Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.

    Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the

    numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting

    the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.

  warnings.warn(LapackSrcNotFoundError.__doc__)

C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py:260: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'

  warnings.warn(msg)

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<string>",in <module>

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip_build_Joncmatplotlibsetup.py",in <module>

    **extra_args

  File "C:Python34libdistutilscore.py",in setup

    _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolsdist.py",in __init__

    self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs.pop('setup_requires'))

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolsdist.py",in fetch_build_eggs

    parse_requirements(requires),installer=self.fetch_build_egg

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagespkg_resources.py",in resolve

    dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req,installer)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagespkg_resources.py",in best_match

    return self.obtain(req,installer) # try and download/install

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagespkg_resources.py",in obtain

    return installer(requirement)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolsdist.py",in fetch_build_egg

    return cmd.easy_install(req)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",in easy_install

    return self.install_item(spec,deps)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",in install_item

    dists = self.install_eggs(spec,tmpdir)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",in install_eggs

    return self.build_and_install(setup_script,setup_base)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",in build_and_install

    self.run_setup(setup_script,args)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py",in run_setup

    run_setup(setup_script,args)

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolssandbox.py",in run_setup

    lambda: execfile(

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolssandbox.py",in run

    return func()

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolssandbox.py",in <lambda>

    {'__file__':setup_script,'__name__':'__main__'}

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscompat.py",in execfile

    exec(compile(source,locs)

  File "setup.py",in <module>

    author_email="mdroe@stsci.edu",in setup_package

    setup_requires = []

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscore.py",in setup

  File "C:Python34libdistutilscore.py",in setup

    dist.run_commands()

  File "C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py",in run_commands

    self.run_command(cmd)

  File "C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py",in run_command

    cmd_obj.run()

  File "C:Python34libsite-packagessetuptoolscommandbdist_egg.py",in run

    self.run_command("egg_info")

  File "C:Python34libdistutilscmd.py",in run_command

    self.distribution.run_command(command)

  File "C:Python34libdistutilsdist.py",in run_command

    cmd_obj.run()

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandegg_info.py",line 10,in run

  File "C:Python34libdistutilscmd.py",in run_command

    cmd_obj.run()

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",line 1
53,in run

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",line 1
64,in build_sources

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",line 2
99,in build_library_sources

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandbuild_src.py",line 3
86,in generate_sources

  File "numpycoresetup.py",in get_mathlib_info

  File "C:Python34libdistutilscommandconfig.py",in try_link

    self._check_compiler()

  File "C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTempeasy_install-jzy7ozifnumpy-1.8.1numpydistutilscommandconfig.py",line 57,in _check_compiler

  File "C:Python34libdistutilsmsvc9compiler.py",in initialize

    vc_env = query_vcvarsall(VERSION,plat_spec)

  File "C:Python34libdistutilsmsvc9compiler.py",in query_vcvarsall

    raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))

ValueError: ['path']

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip_build_Joncmatplotlib
Storing debug log for failure in C:Usersjoncpippip.log

在the matplotlib docs中有一些提到在Windows下安装,表明可能需要先安装numpy,但似乎也失败了：

C:Usersjonc>pip install numpy

……跳过一点……

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command C:Python34python.exe -c "import setuptools,tokenize;__file__='C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip_buil
d_Joncnumpysetup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize,'open',open)(__file__).read().replace('rn','n'),__file__,'exec'))" install --record C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip-mjhk9pan-recordinstall-record.txt --single-version-exte
rnally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in C:UsersjoncAppDataLocalTemppip_build_Joncnumpy
Storing debug log for failure in C:Usersjoncpippip.log

我在这里错过了什么？我的Python非常生疏,但我的印象是pip安装依赖本身？

我希望我们过去曾经试图在Windows下安装Python的噩梦,但似乎不是……