Rsync服务常见问题汇总讲解:
- rsync服务端开启的iptables防火墙
【客户端的错误】
No route to host
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
rsync: failed to connect to 172.16.1.41: No route to host (113)
rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at clientserver.c(124) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
关闭rsync服务端的防火墙服务(iptables)
[[email?protected] mnt]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
- rsync客户端执行rsync命令错误
【客户端的错误】
The remote path must start with a module name not a /
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::/backup
ERROR: The remote path must start with a module name not a /
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
rsync命令语法理解错误,::/backup是错误的语法,应该为::backup(rsync模块)
- rsync服务认证用户失败*****
【客户端的错误】
auth failed on module oldboy
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
Password:
@ERROR: auth failed on module backup
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
- 密码真的输入错误,用户名真的错误
- secrets file = /etc/rsync.password指定的密码文件和实际密码文件名称不一致
- /etc/rsync.password文件权限不是600
- rsync_backup:123456密码配置文件后面注意不要有空格
- rsync客户端密码文件中只输入密码信息即可,不要输入虚拟认证用户名称
- rsync服务位置模块错误
【客户端的错误】
Unknown module ‘backup‘
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
@ERROR: Unknown module ‘backup‘
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
- /etc/rsyncd.conf配置文件模块名称书写错误
- rsync服务权限阻止问题
【客户端的错误】
Permission denied
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
Password:
sending incremental file list
hosts
rsync: mkstemp ".hosts.5z3AOA" (in backup) failed: Permission denied (13)
sent 196 bytes received 27 bytes 63.71 bytes/sec
total size is 349 speedup is 1.57
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
- 备份目录的属主和属组不正确,不是rsync
- 备份目录的权限不正确,不是755
- rsync服务备份目录异常
【客户端的错误】
chdir failed
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
Password:
@ERROR: chdir failed
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
- 备份存储目录没有建立
- 建立的备份存储目录和配置文件定义不一致
说明:如果没有备份存储目录
- rsync服务无效用户信息
【客户端的错误】
invalid uid rsync
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
Password:
@ERROR: invalid uid rsync
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
rsync服务对应rsync虚拟用户不存在了
- 客户端已经配置了密码文件,但免秘钥登录方式,依旧需要输入密码
【客户端的错误】
password file must not be other-accessible
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
password file must not be other-accessible
continuing without password file
Password:
sending incremental file list
sent 26 bytes received 8 bytes 5.23 bytes/sec
total size is 349 speedup is 10.26
【异常问题解决】
rsync客户端的秘钥文件也必须是600权限
-
rsync客户端连接慢问题
IP === 域名 反向DNS解析
【错误日志信息】
错误日志输出
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] name lookup failed for 172.16.1.31: Name or service not known
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] connect from UNKNOWN (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] rsync to backup/ from [email?protected] (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] receiving file list
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] sent 76 bytes received 83 bytes total size 349
正确日志输出
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] connect from nfs02 (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] rsync to backup/ from [email?protected] (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] receiving file list
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] sent 76 bytes received 83 bytes total size 349
【异常问题解决】
查看日志进行分析,编写rsync服务端hosts解析文件
10 rsync服务没有正确启动
【错误日志信息】
Connection refused (111)
【错误演示过程】
[[email?protected] ~]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
rsync: failed to connect to 172.16.1.41: Connection refused (111)
rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at clientserver.c(124) [sender=3.0.6]
【异常问题解决】
[[email?protected] ~]# rsync --daemon
[[email?protected] ~]# ss -lntup |grep rsync
tcp LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::* users:(("rsync",1434,5))
tcp LISTEN 0 5 :873 :* users:(("rsync",4))
[[email?protected] ~]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email?protected]::backup
Password:
sending incremental file list
hosts
sent 196 bytes received 27 bytes 49.56 bytes/sec
total size is 349 speedup is 1.57
扩展说明:rsync启动服务扩展参数
--port 指定rsync服务端口号信息,默认是873
--config=xxx 指定识别的rsync服务配置文件信息
rsync服务扩展应用
① 守护进程多模块功能配置
第一步:修改配置文件
vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
[backup01]
comment = "backup dir by oldboy"
path = /backup
[backup02]
comment = "backup dir by oldboy"
path = /backup02
第二步:创建多模块目录
mkdir /backup02
chown -R rsync.rsync /backup02
第三步:重启服务程序
killall rsync
rsync --daemon
第四步:进行测试检查
② 守护进程的排除功能实践
第一种数据备份排除方式:--exclude
rsync -avz /test_dir/ --exclude=b --exclude=d [email?protected]::backup01 --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
rsync -avz /test_dir/ --exclude={b,d} [email?protected]::backup01 --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
rsync -avz /test_dir/ --exclude={b..d} [email?protected]::backup01 --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
第二种数据备份排除方式:--exclude-from=file
rsync -avz /test_dir/ --exclude-from=./exclude_file.txt [email?protected]::backup01 --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
每行一个目录/文件名称;
要保护本身文件名称;
③ 守护进程来创建备份目录
rsync -avz /etc/hosts --exclude-from=./exclude_file.txt [email?protected]::backup01/sa/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password #sa运维目录
rsync -avz /etc/hosts --exclude-from=./exclude_file.txt [email?protected]::backup01/dev/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password #dev开发目录
rsync -avz /etc/hosts --exclude-from=./exclude_file.txt [email?protected]::backup01/dba/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password #dba数据库管理目录
④ 守护进程的访问控制配置
三种情况:
- 只有白名单,白名单网段或主机信息允许。其余阻止
- 只有黑名单,黑名单网段或主机信息阻止,其余允许
- 有黑名单也要白名单,白名单网段或主机信息允许,黑名单网段或主机信息阻止,其余允许
建议只选择前两种方式配置
hosts allow = 172.16.1.0/24
hosts deny = 0.0.0./32
⑤ 守护进程无差异同步配置
我有的,你也有;我没有的,你也不能有
rsync -avz /test_dir/ --delete [email?protected]::backup01 --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
说明:一定要谨慎使用,否则可能会清空备份目录;
如果要快速清空目录数据,也可以使用无差异同步清空
rsync -avz /dev/null --delete [email?protected]::backup01 --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
⑥ 守护进程的列表功能配置
list = false
说明:表示是否列表显示rsync服务端所有模块信息
[[email?protected] test_dir]# rsync [email?protected]:: backup01 "backup dir by oldboy" backup02 "backup dir by oldboy"