Linux下PHP+Nginx环境搭建
PHP+Nginx环境搭建
CentOS环境配置CentOS-7网络:CentOS(最小安装)默认是不打开网络的
vi打开:/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 文件 将 “ONBOOT:no”属性修改为:“ONBOOT:yes”
# sudo service network restart
# ip addr Nginx服务:安装依赖包
安装PCRE库选定源码目录 ==> ftp下载PCRE库 ==> 安装PCRE库 # cd /usr/local/src # wget ftp://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.42.tar.gz # tar -zxvf pcre-8.42.tar.gz # cd /pcre-8.42 # ./configure # make && make install 安装zlib源码包下载zlib源码包 ==> 安装zlib包 # cd /usr/local/src # wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz # tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz # cd zlib-1.2.11 # ./configure # make && make install 安装openssl源码包# cd /usr/local/src # wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0k.tar.gz # tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.0k.tar.gz # cd ./openssl-1.1.0k # ./configure # make && make install 安装Nginx# cd /usr/local/src # wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz # tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.16.1 # groupadd -r nginx # useradd -r -g nginx nginx # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.42 --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.1.0k [注:当前所在目录一定要是/usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.1 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.41 指的是pcre-8.42 的源码路径。 --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 指的是zlib-1.2.11 的源码路径。 --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.1.0g 指的是openssl-1.1.0k 的源码路径。] # make && make install nginx编译选项 make是用来编译的,它从Makefile中读取指令,然后编译。 make install是用来安装的,它也从Makefile中读取指令,安装到指定的位置。 configure命令是用来检测你的安装平台的目标特征的。它定义了系统的各个方面,包括nginx的被允许使用的连接处理的方法,比如它会检测你是不是有CC或GCC,并不是需要CC或GCC,它是个shell脚本,执行结束时,它会创建一个Makefile文件。nginx的configure命令支持以下参数:
安装完成后,按照安装的参数,安装的启动目录在/usr/local/nginx [[email?protected] nginx]# ls -l 总用量 76 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 9月 8 09:46 conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1077 9月 8 10:34 fastcgi.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1077 9月 8 10:34 fastcgi.conf.default -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1007 9月 8 10:34 fastcgi_params -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1007 9月 8 10:34 fastcgi_params.default drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 40 9月 8 09:46 html -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2837 9月 8 10:34 koi-utf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2223 9月 8 10:34 koi-win drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 41 9月 8 10:37 logs -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5231 9月 8 10:34 mime.types -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5231 9月 8 10:34 mime.types.default -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2656 9月 8 10:34 nginx.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2656 9月 8 10:34 nginx.conf.default -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6 9月 8 10:37 nginx.pid drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 36 9月 8 10:34 sbin -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 636 9月 8 10:34 scgi_params -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 636 9月 8 10:34 scgi_params.default -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664 9月 8 10:34 uwsgi_params -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664 9月 8 10:34 uwsgi_params.default -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3610 9月 8 10:34 win-utf [[email?protected] nginx]# pwd /usr/local/nginx 启动Nginx服务:由于CentOS-7防火墙不开发端口,所以在本地测试中,可以选择关闭防火墙或者允许开发80端口 CentOS防火墙# systemctl status firewalld ==> 防火墙状态 # systemctl start firewalld ==> 开启防火墙 # systemctl stop firewalld ==> 关闭防火墙 # systemctl restart firewalld ==> 重启防火墙 # firewall-cmd --reload ==> 防火墙重载 # firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp permanent: 永久有效 zone:作用域 --add-port=80/tcp:添加-端口=端口/通信协议 开放端口或关闭防火墙后就可以启动nginx服务 服务启动[[email?protected] nginx]# netstat -ano | grep 80 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN off (0.00/0/0) unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 80900 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 80899 [[email?protected] nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] still could not bind() 通过netstat查看端口网络状态,是否有服务占用80端口;通过调用nginx的启动目录实现nginx服务启动 如图:启动成功 Nginx服务维护为了避免每次开机手动启动,可以使用命令脚本,注册服务,开机自启动等 创建nginx启动命令脚本 `vi /etc/init.d/nginx` 插入以下内容,注意修改PATH和NAME字段,匹配自己的安装路径 (这段是从网上copy的) `#! /bin/bash``# chkconfig: - 85 15``PATH=/usr/local/nginx``DESC=``"nginx daemon"``NAME=nginx``DAEMON=$PATH/sbin/$NAME``CONFIGFILE=$PATH/$NAME.conf``PIDFILE=$PATH/logs/$NAME.pid``SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME``set` `-e``[ -x ``"$DAEMON"` `] || exit 0``do_start() {``$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n ``"nginx already running"``}``do_stop() {``$DAEMON -s stop || echo -n ``"nginx not running"``}``do_reload() {``$DAEMON -s reload || echo -n ``"nginx can't reload"``}``case` `"$1"` `in``start)``echo -n ``"Starting $DESC: $NAME"``do_start``echo ``"."``;;``stop)``echo -n ``"Stopping $DESC: $NAME"``do_stop``echo ``"."``;;``reload|graceful)``echo -n ``"Reloading $DESC configuration..."``do_reload``echo ``"."``;;``restart)``echo -n ``"Restarting $DESC: $NAME"``do_stop``do_start``echo ``"."``;;``*)``echo ``"Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}"` `>&2``exit 3``;;``esac``exit 0` 设置执行权限 `chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx` 注册成服务 `chkconfig --add nginx` 设置开机启动 `chkconfig nginx ``on` 重启,查看nginx服务是否自动启动 `shutdown -h 0 -r``ss -apn|grep nginx` 对nginx服务执行停止/启动/重新读取配置文件操作 `#启动nginx服务``systemctl start nginx.service``#停止nginx服务``systemctl stop nginx.service``#重启nginx服务``systemctl restart nginx.service``#重新读取nginx配置(这个最常用,不用停止nginx服务就能使修改的配置生效)``systemctl reload nginx.service` MySQL安装:Linux yum-rpm[[email?protected] src]# rpm -qa |grep mysql [[email?protected] src]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [[email?protected] src]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [[email?protected] src]# yum dpdate [[email?protected] src]# yum install mysql-server [[email?protected] src]# chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql 设置权限 [[email?protected] src]# mysqld --initialize 初始化mysql [[email?protected] src]# systemctl start mysqld 启动mysql PHP环境:编译安装php-fpmPHP-FPM是一个PHP FastCGI管理器,是只用于PHP的
# yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-dvevl freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel # yum -y install libzip # wget http://103.40.19.56/lnmp/libzip-1.3.2.tar.gz # tar -zxvf libzip-1.3.2.tar.gz cd libzip-1.3.2 # ./configure # make && make install # wget ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/attic/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz # tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz # cd libmcrypt-2.5.7 # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local # make && make install
# cd /usr/local/src # wget http://php.net/get/php-5.6.27.tar.gz/from/a/mirror # tar -zxvf php-5.6.27.tar.gz # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-curl --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization --with-bz2 --with-zlib --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-mhash --enable-zip --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql --with-mysqli --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --enable-calendar# make && make install
执行libzip的安装: # wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.5.2.tar.gz # tar -zxf libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz # cd libzip-1.2.0 # ./configure # make && make install
configure: error: off_t undefined; check your library configuration
vim /etc/ld.so.conf #添加如下几行 /usr/local/lib64 /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib64 #保存退出 :wq ldconfig -v # 执行命令,使之生效
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-curl --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization --with-bz2 --with-zlib --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-mhash --enable-zip --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql --with-mysqli --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --enable-calendar 其它错误可以参考百度/Google解决(常见php安装的方案)! 至此!PHP-fpm安装的基本流程结束了,下一步就需要配置文件 用户配置文件
# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# cd /usr/local/php # cp etc/php.fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf # vi etc/php-fpm.conf vi打开php-fpm.conf文件: 将文件的尾部的索引;修改成实际的目录 include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf 添加用户和组: useradd mirror groupadd -g mirror mirror 默认情况下,etc/php-fpm.d/目录下有一个“www .conf.defalut”用户配置文件 # cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf # vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 修改“www.conf"文件中的user和group的value;添加用户和组 user = mirror group = mirror
# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm # ps aux | grep php-fpm [验证服务启动] # netstat -tln | grep 9000 [验证网络端口是否使用] [[email?protected] /]# ps aux | grep php-fpm root 41831 0.0 0.3 221264 6220 ? Ss 08:54 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf) mirror 41832 0.0 0.2 221264 5748 ? S 08:54 0:00 php-fpm: pool www mirror 41833 0.0 0.2 221264 5748 ? S 08:54 0:00 php-fpm: pool www root 41835 0.0 0.0 110292 916 pts/0 R+ 08:54 0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm [[email?protected] /]# netstat -tln | grep 9000 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 至此!php-fpm服务启动成功! Nginx+PHP环境配置
[[email?protected] nginx]# vi ./nginx.conf #user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ .php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ .php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files,if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-,name-,and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} } 修改server配置块中的location和php后端请求配置块 server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm index.php } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ .php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ .php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files,if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /.ht { # deny all; #} } 在location配置块中添加index.php首页 php请求和后端php-fpm模块进行通信,需要配置location ~?.php$配置块 ? root:配置php程序文件的根目录 *** 修改配置文件的第一行:”user“属性为我们之前配置的用户**,表示nginx的权限 至此!我们的Nginx和php的环境完成简单的配置! 大功告成启动步骤:
phpinfo():在Nginx的目录html中添加一个php文件:”index.php“ <?php phpinfo(); ?> 测试数据库连接:编写一个连接数据库行为的php文件:”mysql.php“ php和mysql之间的连接操作依靠的是”mysqli“ <?php $conn = mysqli_connect("127.0.0.1","root","926498"); if(! $conn ) { echo "连接失败".mysqli_connect_error(); } else { echo "连接成功"; } ?> 至此!PHP+Nginx+MySQL环境完成了基本的搭建! (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |