Linux上安装MySQL

1.1.?准备工作

??Linux 使用的版本是centos 7,为方便起见，先把防火墙关闭，配置好网络，在安装部分，会分成两部分讲，首先讲单实例安装，也就是一台服务器上就装一个mysql，接下来就多实例安装，在一个服务器上安装2个甚至多个mysql.

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1.2.?单实例安装

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cp /soft/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz ?/usr/local/

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解压mysql到/usr/local目录

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解压：

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

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安装需要的依赖

yum install?-y?libaio

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具体安装

shell> groupadd mysql

shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql

shell> cd /usr/local

shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz

shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql

shell> cd mysql

shell> mkdir mysql-files

shell> chmod 770 mysql-files

shell> chown -R mysql .

shell> chgrp -R mysql .

shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql ????# MySQL 5.7.6 and up

shell> bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup ?????????????# MySQL 5.7.6 and up

shell> chown -R root .

shell> chown -R mysql data mysql-files

shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

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配置环境变量：

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

配置开启启动

chkconfig mysql.server on

chkconfig --list

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登陆，修改密码

set password = ‘root1234%‘;

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允许远程登陆

?GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root1234%‘

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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root1234%‘ WITH GRANT ?OPTION;

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flush privileges;??

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启动的时候可能会报错

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这是因为mysql启动的时候需要配置文件，而在安装centos的时候，哪怕是mini版本都会有个默认的配置在/etc目录中

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --verbose --help |grep -A 1 ‘Default options‘

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:

/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

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Mysql启动的时候会以上面所述的顺序加载配置文件

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如果报错，先重命名my.cnf文件

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1.3.?多实例安装

以前一些很low的方法是，解压两个mysql，分别放到不同文件夹，其实在mysql中已经考虑到了多实例安装的情况。也有相应的脚本命令的支持。

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现在要求装两个mysql 一个3307，3308

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新建 /etc/my.cnf 配置如下

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[mysqld]

sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"

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[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

log = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log

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[mysqld1]

server-id = 11

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1

port = 3307

datadir = /data1

user = mysql

performance_schema = off

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M

skip_name_resolve = 1

log_error = error.log

pid-file = /data1/mysql.pid1

[mysqld2]

server-id = 12

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2

port = 3308

datadir = /data2

user = mysql

performance_schema = off

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M

skip_name_resolve = 1

log_error = error.log

pid-file = /data2/mysql.pid2

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创建2个数据目录

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mkdir /data1

mkdir /data2

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chown mysql.mysql /data{1..2}

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mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data1

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data2

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cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multid

配置开机启动

chkconfig mysqld_multid on

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查看状态

mysqld_multi report

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这个时候发现还需要perl的环境，安装

yum -y install perl perl-devel

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在运行，发现已经有实例了

mysqld_multi report

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mysqld_multi start

启动，分别修改密码，允许远程连接

?mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock1 -p -P3307

?mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock2 -p -P3308

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set password = ‘root1234%‘;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root1234%‘;

flush privileges;??