Linux 大文件的分割与合并

$ split -l 300 large_file.txt new_file_prefix

$ split -l50000 -d large_file.txt part_ --verbose

$ split -b 10m large_file.log new_file_prefix

$ cat part_* > merge_file.txt

$ split --h
Usage: split [OPTION]... [FILE [PREFIX]]
Output pieces of FILE to PREFIXaa,PREFIXab,...;
default size is 1000 lines,and default PREFIX is ‘x‘.

With no FILE,or when FILE is -,read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a,--suffix-length=N   generate suffixes of length N (default 2)            后缀名称的长度 (默认为2) 
      --additional-suffix=SUFFIX  append an additional SUFFIX to file names
  -b,--bytes=SIZE        put SIZE bytes per output file                       每个输出文件的字节大小
  -C,--line-bytes=SIZE   put at most SIZE bytes of records per output file    每个输出文件每行的最大字节大小
  -d                      use numeric suffixes starting at 0,not alphabetic   使用数字后缀代替字母后缀
      --numeric-suffixes[=FROM]  same as -d,but allow setting the start value
  -e,--elide-empty-files  do not generate empty output files with ‘-n‘        不产生空的输出文件
      --filter=COMMAND    write to shell COMMAND; file name is $FILE           写入到shell命令行
  -l,--lines=NUMBER      put NUMBER lines/records per output file             设定每个输出文件的行数，默认行数是1000行
  -n,--number=CHUNKS     generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below  产生chunks文件
  -t,--separator=SEP     use SEP instead of newline as the record separator;  使用新字符分割
                            ‘‘ (zero) specifies the NUL character
  -u,--unbuffered        immediately copy input to output with ‘-n r/...‘     无需缓存
      --verbose           print a diagnostic just before each                  显示分割进度
                            output file is opened
      --help     display this help and exit                                    显示帮助信息
      --version  output version information and exit                           显示版本信息

The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024).
Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).

CHUNKS may be:
  N       split into N files based on size of input
  K/N     output Kth of N to stdout
  l/N     split into N files without splitting lines/records
  l/K/N   output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines/records
  r/N     like ‘l‘ but use round robin distribution
  r/K/N   likewise but only output Kth of N to stdout

GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/split>
or available locally via: info ‘(coreutils) split invocation‘

$ cat --h
Usage: cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.

With no FILE,read standard input.

  -A,--show-all           equivalent to -vET
  -b,--number-nonblank    number nonempty output lines,overrides -n
  -e                       equivalent to -vE
  -E,--show-ends          display $ at end of each line
  -n,--number             number all output lines
  -s,--squeeze-blank      suppress repeated empty output lines
  -t                       equivalent to -vT
  -T,--show-tabs          display TAB characters as ^I
  -u                       (ignored)
  -v,--show-nonprinting   use ^ and M- notation,except for LFD and TAB
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

Examples:
  cat f - g  Output f‘s contents,then standard input,then g‘s contents.
  cat        Copy standard input to standard output.

GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cat>
or available locally via: info ‘(coreutils) cat invocation‘