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?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? Nginx做负载均衡和TOMCAT简单集群
?? ??? ??? ??? ?1.下载安装nginx及其依赖包
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?安装nginx准备工作必须先安装依赖包：wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?解压：tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?进入目录：cd pcre-8.35
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?配置： ./configure
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?编译安装：??? make && make install
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?下载：wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
?? ??? ??? ??? ?解压：tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?进入目录：cd nginx-1.6.2
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?? ??? ??? ??? ?配置：/configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre-8.35
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?编译：make
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?安装: make install
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?查看版本:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?创建ngingx运行时使用的用户:? /usr/sbin/groupadd nginx
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? /usr/sbin/useradd -g nginx nginx
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ???? 配置nginx.conf:
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?user www www;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致
?? ??? ??? ??? ?error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
?? ??? ??? ??? ?pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
?? ??? ??? ??? ?worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?events
?? ??? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?use epoll;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?worker_connections 65535;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ?http
?? ??? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?include mime.types;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?default_type application/octet-stream;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?log_format main? '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#charset gb2312;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?client_header_buffer_size 32k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?client_max_body_size 8m;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?sendfile on;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?tcp_nopush on;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?keepalive_timeout 60;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?tcp_nodelay on;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip on;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip_min_length 1k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip_buffers 4 16k;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip_http_version 1.0;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip_comp_level 2;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?gzip_vary on;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#下面是server虚拟主机的配置
?? ??? ??? ??? ?server
?? ??? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?listen 80;#监听端口
?? ??? ??? ??? ?server_name localhost;#域名
?? ??? ??? ??? ?index index.html index.htm index.php;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html;#站点目录
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
?? ??? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? fastcgi_index index.php;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? include fastcgi.conf;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ?location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
?? ??? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? expires 30d;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?# access_log off;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ?location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
?? ??? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? expires 15d;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?# access_log off;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ?access_log off;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?检查nginx配置文件nginx.conf正确命令:
?? ??? ??? ??? ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?启动nginx:
?? ??? ??? ??? ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?打开浏览器输入ip地址进入到nginx欢迎页说明配置成功，
?? ??? ??? ??? ?启动过程中会报错，解决办法进入/etc/sysconf/iptable配置其他端口或通过lsof -i:80端口看那个在占80端口，然后将其杀死即可解决。
?? ??? ??? ??? ?改配置文件记得重启。
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload??????????? # 重新载入配置文件
?? ??? ??? ??? ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen??????????? # 重启 Nginx
?? ??? ??? ??? ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop????????????? # 停止 Nginx
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?2.下载安装tomcat
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?此命令一步安装:wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.82/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.82.tar.gz
?? ??? ??? ??? ?(记得配置先要下载好jdk才行)
?? ??? ??? ??? ?//补充说明，为了辨别是否是不同tomcat可以进入tomcat目录下webapps中的ROOT修改index.jsp即可达到目的
?? ??? ??? ???? 3.修改nginx配置文件
?? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#user? nobody; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?worker_processes? 1; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#error_log? logs/error.log; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#error_log? logs/error.log? notice; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#error_log? logs/error.log? info; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?#pid??????? logs/nginx.pid; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?events { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?use epoll; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?worker_connections? 1024; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?http { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?include?????? mime.types; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?default_type? application/octet-stream; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#log_format? main? '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#????????????????? '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#????????????????? '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#access_log? logs/access.log? main; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?sendfile??????? on; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#tcp_nopush???? on; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#keepalive_timeout? 0; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?keepalive_timeout? 65; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#说明:端口必须保持一致
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?upstream servers{ ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?server 120.25.56.93:8080; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?server 120.25.58.50:8080;?? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#gzip? on; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?server { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?listen?????? 8084; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?server_name? 120.76.112.207; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#charset koi8-r; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#access_log? logs/host.access.log? main; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?location / { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? proxy_pass? http://servers; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? proxy_set_header Host $host; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#error_page? 404????????????? /404.html; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?error_page?? 500 502 503 504? /50x.html; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?location = /50x.html { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?root?? html; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#location ~ .php$ { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? proxy_pass?? http://127.0.0.1; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#location ~ .php$ { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? root?????????? html; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? fastcgi_pass?? 127.0.0.1:9000; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? fastcgi_index? index.php; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? fastcgi_param? SCRIPT_FILENAME? /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? include??????? fastcgi_params; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# deny access to .htaccess files,if Apache's document root ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# concurs with nginx's one ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#location ~ /.ht { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? deny? all; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# another virtual host using mix of IP-,name-,and port-based configuration ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#server { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? listen?????? 8000; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? listen?????? somename:8080; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? server_name? somename? alias? another.alias; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? location / { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??????? root?? html; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??????? index? index.html index.htm; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? } ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# HTTPS server ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?# ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#server { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? listen?????? 443 ssl; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? server_name? localhost; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? ssl_certificate????? cert.pem; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? ssl_certificate_key? cert.key; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? ssl_session_cache??? shared:SSL:1m; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? ssl_session_timeout? 5m; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? ssl_ciphers? HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? ssl_prefer_server_ciphers? on; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? location / { ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??????? root?? html; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??????? index? index.html index.htm; ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#??? } ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?#} ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?4.重新启动nginx
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?[root@iZ94phz01rnZ sbin]# ./nginx -s reload ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?[root@iZ94phz01rnZ sbin]# ./nginx -s reopen
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? （编辑：李大同）
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