我想编写一个脚本来自动设置一个全新的ubuntu安装并安装一个基于django的应用程序.由于脚本将在新服务器上运行,因此Python脚本需要自动安装一些必需的模块.
这是脚本.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
import os
import sys
def pip_install(mod):
print subprocess.check_output("pip install %s" % mod,shell=True)
if __name__ == "__main__":
if os.getuid() != 0:
print "Sorry,you need to run the script as root."
sys.exit()
try:
import pexpect
except:
pip_install('pexpect')
import pexpect
# More code here...
pexpect的安装是成功的,但下一行导入pexpect失败了.我认为这是因为在运行时代码不知道新安装的pexpect.
如何在运行时安装和导入Python模块？我对其他方法持开放态度.
您可以导入pip而不是使用子进程：
import pip
def install(package):
pip.main(['install',package])
# Example
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
import pexpect
except ImportError:
install('pexpect')
import pexpect
另一个需要：
import pip
def import_with_auto_install(package):
try:
return __import__(package)
except ImportError:
pip.main(['install',package])
return __import__(package)
# Example
if __name__ == '__main__':
pexpect = import_with_auto_install('pexpect')
print(pexpect)
[编辑]
您应该考虑使用requirements.txt和pip.好像你正试图自动化部署(这很好！),在我的工具带中我还有virtualenvwrapper,vagrant和ansible.
这是我的输出：
(test)root@vagrant:~/test# pip uninstall pexpect
Uninstalling pexpect:
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ANSI.py
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ANSI.pyc
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/FSM.py
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/FSM.pyc
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/fdpexpect.py
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/fdpexpect.pyc
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pexpect-2.4-py2.6.egg-info
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pexpect.py
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pexpect.pyc
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pxssh.py
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pxssh.pyc
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/screen.py
/usr/lib/python-environments/test/lib/python2.6/site-packages/screen.pyc
Proceed (y/n)? y
Successfully uninstalled pexpect
(test)root@vagrant:~/test# python test.py
Downloading/unpacking pexpect
Downloading pexpect-2.4.tar.gz (113Kb): 113Kb downloaded
Running setup.py egg_info for package pexpect
Installing collected packages: pexpect
Running setup.py install for pexpect
Successfully installed pexpect
Cleaning up...
