python – 用字典中的缩写键替换“全名”键

发布时间：2020-12-20 11:34:21 所属栏目：Python 来源：网络整理

导读：我有2本词典. # {state full name: elevation}elevation = {'Mississippi': 300.0,'Oklahoma': 1300.0,'Wyoming': 6700.0,'Minnesota': 1200.0,'Illinois': 600.0,'Arkansas': 650.0,'New Mexico': 5700.0,'Ohio': 850.0,'Indiana': 700.0,'Maryland': 350.0

我有2本词典.

# {state full name: elevation}
elevation = {'Mississippi': 300.0,'Oklahoma': 1300.0,'Wyoming': 6700.0,'Minnesota': 1200.0,'Illinois': 600.0,'Arkansas': 650.0,'New Mexico': 5700.0,'Ohio': 850.0,'Indiana': 700.0,'Maryland': 350.0,'Louisiana': 100.0,'Texas': 1700.0,'Tennessee': 900.0,'Arizona': 4100.0,'Iowa': 1100.0,'Michigan': 900.0,'Kansas': 2000.0,'Utah': 6100.0,'Virginia': 950.0,'Oregon': 3300.0,'Connecticut': 500.0,'Montana': 3400.0,'California': 2900.0,'Idaho': 5000.0,'West Virginia': 1500.0,'South Carolina': 350.0,'New Hampshire': 1000.0,'Massachusetts': 500.0,'Vermont': 1000.0,'Georgia': 600.0,'North Dakota': 1900.0,'Pennsylvania': 1100.0,'Florida': 100.0,'Hawaii': 3030.0,'Kentucky': 750.0,'Alaska': 1900.0,'Nebraska': 2600.0,'Missouri': 800.0,'Wisconsin': 1050.0,'Alabama': 500.0,'Rhode Island': 200.0,'South Dakota': 2200.0,'Colorado': 6800.0,'New Jersey': 250.0,'Washington': 1700.0,'North Carolina': 700.0,'New York': 1000.0,'Nevada': 5500.0,'Delaware': 60.0,'Maine': 600.0}

# {abbreviation:full name}
postal = {'WA': 'WASHINGTON','VA': 'VIRGINIA','DE': 'DELAWARE','DC': 'DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA','WI': 'WISCONSIN','WV': 'WEST VIRGINIA','HI': 'HAWAII','FL': 'FLORIDA','FM': 'FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA','WY': 'WYOMING','NH': 'NEW HAMPSHIRE','NJ': 'NEW JERSEY','NM': 'NEW MEXICO','TX': 'TEXAS','LA': 'LOUISIANA','NC': 'NORTH CAROLINA','ND': 'NORTH DAKOTA','NE': 'NEBRASKA','TN': 'TENNESSEE','NY': 'NEW YORK','PA': 'PENNSYLVANIA','CA': 'CALIFORNIA','NV': 'NEVADA','PW': 'PALAU','GU': 'GUAM GU','CO': 'COLORADO','VI': 'VIRGIN ISLANDS','AK': 'ALASKA','AL': 'ALABAMA','AS': 'AMERICAN SAMOA','AR': 'ARKANSAS','VT': 'VERMONT','IL': 'ILLINOIS','GA': 'GEORGIA','IN': 'INDIANA','IA': 'IOWA','OK': 'OKLAHOMA','AZ': 'ARIZONA','ID': 'IDAHO','CT': 'CONNECTICUT','ME': 'MAINE','MD': 'MARYLAND','MA': 'MASSACHUSETTS','OH': 'OHIO','UT': 'UTAH','MO': 'MISSOURI','MN': 'MINNESOTA','MI': 'MICHIGAN','MH': 'MARSHALL ISLANDS','RI': 'RHODE ISLAND','KS': 'KANSAS','MT': 'MONTANA','MP': 'NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS','MS': 'MISSISSIPPI','PR': 'PUERTO RICO','SC': 'SOUTH CAROLINA','KY': 'KENTUCKY','OR': 'OREGON','SD': 'SOUTH DAKOTA'}

我想创建一个新的dic,所以它需要{abbreviation：elevation},而新dict中的键必须同时包含“elevation”和“postal”,如：

{'MS': 300.0,'OK': 1300.0,'WY': 6700.0,'MN': 1200.0,....}

我写的功能：

def rekeyDict(dct,mapping):
    newDict = {}
    for key in dct.keys():
        try:
            newDict[mapping[key.upper()]] = dct[key]
        except Exception,error:
            print "failed",error
            pass
    return newDict

elevation = rekeyDict(elevation,postal)
print elevation

然而,它给了我一个空白的词.我该如何修复我的代码？

解决方法

这对你来说很好,只有一行不同.您应该只交换映射字典的键和值.

def rekeyDict(dct,mapping):
    newDict = {}
    # below is different line
    mapping = {v:k for k,v in mapping.items()}
    for key in dct:
        try:
            newDict[mapping[key.upper()]] = dct[key]
        except Exception,postal)
print elevation

（编辑：李大同）

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