Django 如何获取前端发送的头文件详解（推荐）

发布时间：2020-12-17 08:10:55 所属栏目：Python 来源：网络整理

导读：Django里面，我们知道可以在函数里面里面通过参数获取前端发来的数据。比如可以通过request获取各种form的值啊，cookie啊等等。 def index(reqeust): # 获取当前已经登录的用户 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111') return render(reqeust,'index.html'

Django里面，我们知道可以在函数里面里面通过参数获取前端发来的数据。
比如可以通过request获取各种form的值啊，cookie啊等等。

def index(reqeust):
 # 获取当前已经登录的用户
 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
 return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})

这些方法是Django把一些常用的数据已经替我们封装好了，因此可以直接使用。但是这些方法并不全，比如我刷新一个页面，这个请求的头文件里面，包含了一堆关于客户端的信息，如何获取所有的信息呢？

我们可以通过request.environ来获取

首先需要导入一个类，如果忘记了这个类的名字，可以直接print(type(request))来获取。

<class 'django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIRequest'>

environ本质是个字典格式，因此可以直接print(k,v)获取所有的key和value，也可以通过对应的key来输出value

def tpl1(request):
 
 from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
 print(type(request))
 print(request.environ)
 for k,v in request.environ.items():
 print(k,v)
 print(request.environ['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])
 user_list = [1,2,3,43]
 return render(request,'tpl1.html',{'u': user_list})

输出结果：

{'ASL.LOG': 'Destination=file','PYTHONIOENCODING': 'UTF-8','wsgi.run_once': False,'FPS_BROWSER_APP_PROFILE_STRING': 'Internet Explorer','REMOTE_ADDR': '127.0.0.1','PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER': 'Intel64 Family 6 Model 69 Stepping 1,GenuineIntel','TEMP': 'C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocalTemp','USERPROFILE': 'C:Usersyuan.li','SERVER_PORT': '8000','WINDIR': 'C:WINDOWS','SYSTEMDRIVE': 'C:','FP_NO_HOST_CHECK': 'NO','COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86)': 'C:Program Files (x86)Common Files','USERDNSDOMAIN': 'OMNICOM.COM.AU','HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS': '1','PROGRAMFILES': 'C:Program Files (x86)','USERDOMAIN_ROAMINGPROFILE': 'OMNICOM','wsgi.url_scheme': 'http','wsgi.input': <_io.BufferedReader name=760>,'APPDATA': 'C:Usersyuan.liAppDataRoaming','TMP': 'C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocalTemp','HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip,deflate,br','GATEWAY_INTERFACE': 'CGI/1.1','PATH_INFO': '/tpl1/','PUBLIC': 'C:UsersPublic','HTTP_COOKIE': 'csrftoken=eIEjNdtcPYmGD2jGDfEwxb0MwePMQTuLWchxG85P7zH7wHN2BZmERsppA4PHGd6D','PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432': 'AMD64','COMPUTERNAME': 'YLI-PC','wsgi.version': (1,0),'ONEDRIVE': 'C:Usersyuan.liOneDrive','CONTENT_TYPE': 'text/plain','PROGRAMW6432': 'C:Program Files','PYTHONUNBUFFERED': '1','wsgi.errors': <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stderr>' mode='w' encoding='UTF-8'>,'RUN_MAIN': 'true','PSMODULEPATH': 'C:WINDOWSsystem32WindowsPowerShellv1.0Modules;C:Program Files (x86)VMwareInfrastructurevSphere PowerCLIModules','wsgi.file_wrapper': <class 'wsgiref.util.FileWrapper'>,'HOMEPATH': 'Usersyuan.li','COMSPEC': 'C:WINDOWSsystem32cmd.exe','USERNAME': 'yuan.li','PATHEXT': '.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC;.PY;.PYW','SERVER_NAME': 'vmware-localhost','USERDOMAIN': 'OMNICOM','SCRIPT_NAME': '','PYCHARM_HOSTED': '1','QUERY_STRING': '','PROGRAMDATA': 'C:ProgramData','NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS': '4','FPS_BROWSER_USER_PROFILE_STRING': 'Default','SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.1','HTTP_CONNECTION': 'keep-alive','REMOTE_HOST': '','HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE': 'en-GB,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.6','HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL': 'max-age=0','HTTP_ACCEPT': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8','wsgi.multiprocess': False,'ALLUSERSPROFILE': 'C:ProgramData','SYSTEMROOT': 'C:WINDOWS','SERVER_SOFTWARE': 'WSGIServer/0.2','PROCESSOR_REVISION': '4501','SESSIONNAME': 'Console','HTTP_HOST': '127.0.0.1:8000','CONTENT_LENGTH': '','PATH': 'C:Program Files (x86)Business ObjectsCommon3.5binNOTES;C:Program Files (x86)Business ObjectsCommon3.5binNOTESDATA;C:Python35-32Scripts;C:Python35-32;C:ProgramDataOracleJavajavapath;C:WINDOWSsystem32;C:WINDOWS;C:WINDOWSSystem32Wbem;C:WINDOWSSystem32WindowsPowerShellv1.0;C:Program Files (x86)SennheiserSoftphoneSDK;C:Python35-32Scripts;C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsApps;C:Program Files (x86)Nmap;','OS': 'Windows_NT','PYTHONPATH': 'C:s14day21','HOMEDRIVE': 'C:','COMMONPROGRAMW6432': 'C:Program FilesCommon Files','DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE': 's14day21.settings','PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE': 'x86','REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET','LOCALAPPDATA': 'C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocal','PROCESSOR_LEVEL': '6','HTTP_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36','PROGRAMFILES(X86)': 'C:Program Files (x86)','LOGONSERVER': '\MELDC01','wsgi.multithread': True,'COMMONPROGRAMFILES': 'C:Program Files (x86)Common Files'}
ASL.LOG Destination=file
PYTHONIOENCODING UTF-8
wsgi.run_once False
FPS_BROWSER_APP_PROFILE_STRING Internet Explorer
REMOTE_ADDR 127.0.0.1
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER Intel64 Family 6 Model 69 Stepping 1,GenuineIntel
TEMP C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocalTemp
USERPROFILE C:Usersyuan.li
SERVER_PORT 8000
WINDIR C:WINDOWS
SYSTEMDRIVE C:
FP_NO_HOST_CHECK NO
COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86) C:Program Files (x86)Common Files
USERDNSDOMAIN OMNICOM.COM.AU
HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS 1
PROGRAMFILES C:Program Files (x86)
USERDOMAIN_ROAMINGPROFILE OMNICOM
wsgi.url_scheme http
wsgi.input <_io.BufferedReader name=760>
APPDATA C:Usersyuan.liAppDataRoaming
TMP C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocalTemp
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING gzip,br
GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1
PATH_INFO /tpl1/
PUBLIC C:UsersPublic
HTTP_COOKIE csrftoken=eIEjNdtcPYmGD2jGDfEwxb0MwePMQTuLWchxG85P7zH7wHN2BZmERsppA4PHGd6D
PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432 AMD64
COMPUTERNAME YLI-PC
wsgi.version (1,0)
ONEDRIVE C:Usersyuan.liOneDrive
CONTENT_TYPE text/plain
PROGRAMW6432 C:Program Files
PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
wsgi.errors <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stderr>' mode='w' encoding='UTF-8'>
RUN_MAIN true
PSMODULEPATH C:WINDOWSsystem32WindowsPowerShellv1.0Modules;C:Program Files (x86)VMwareInfrastructurevSphere PowerCLIModules
wsgi.file_wrapper <class 'wsgiref.util.FileWrapper'>
HOMEPATH Usersyuan.li
COMSPEC C:WINDOWSsystem32cmd.exe
USERNAME yuan.li
PATHEXT .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC;.PY;.PYW
SERVER_NAME vmware-localhost
USERDOMAIN OMNICOM
SCRIPT_NAME 
PYCHARM_HOSTED 1
QUERY_STRING 
PROGRAMDATA C:ProgramData
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS 4
FPS_BROWSER_USER_PROFILE_STRING Default
SERVER_PROTOCOL HTTP/1.1
HTTP_CONNECTION keep-alive
REMOTE_HOST 
HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE en-GB,en;q=0.6
HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL max-age=0
HTTP_ACCEPT text/html,*/*;q=0.8
wsgi.multiprocess False
ALLUSERSPROFILE C:ProgramData
SYSTEMROOT C:WINDOWS
SERVER_SOFTWARE WSGIServer/0.2
PROCESSOR_REVISION 4501
SESSIONNAME Console
HTTP_HOST 127.0.0.1:8000
CONTENT_LENGTH 
PATH C:Program Files (x86)Business ObjectsCommon3.5binNOTES;C:Program Files (x86)Business ObjectsCommon3.5binNOTESDATA;C:Python35-32Scripts;C:Python35-32;C:ProgramDataOracleJavajavapath;C:WINDOWSsystem32;C:WINDOWS;C:WINDOWSSystem32Wbem;C:WINDOWSSystem32WindowsPowerShellv1.0;C:Program Files (x86)SennheiserSoftphoneSDK;C:Python35-32Scripts;C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsApps;C:Program Files (x86)Nmap;
OS Windows_NT
PYTHONPATH C:s14day21
HOMEDRIVE C:
COMMONPROGRAMW6432 C:Program FilesCommon Files
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE s14day21.settings
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE x86
REQUEST_METHOD GET
LOCALAPPDATA C:Usersyuan.liAppDataLocal
PROCESSOR_LEVEL 6
HTTP_USER_AGENT Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36
PROGRAMFILES(X86) C:Program Files (x86)
LOGONSERVER MELDC01
wsgi.multithread True
COMMONPROGRAMFILES C:Program Files (x86)Common Files
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36

注意最后的那个输出结果HTTP_USER_AGENT,这个是客户端的信息，我们可以根据这个做判断，然后返回不同的结果，比如手机版和PC版返回的显示排版不同。

以上就是Django 获取前端发送的头文件全部内容啦，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家继续支持编程小技巧~~

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