python中Switch/Case实现的示例代码

def foo(var):
  return {
      'a': 1，
      'b': 2,'c': 3,}.get(var,'error')  #'error'为默认返回值，可自设置

def foo(var,x):
  return {
      'a': lambda x: x+1,'b': lambda x: x+2,'c': lambda x: x+3,}[var](x)

# This class provides the functionality we want. You only need to look at
# this if you want to know how this works. It only needs to be defined
# once,no need to muck around with its internals.
class switch(object):
  def __init__(self,value):
    self.value = value
    self.fall = False

  def __iter__(self):
    """Return the match method once,then stop"""
    yield self.match
    raise StopIteration

  def match(self,*args):
    """Indicate whether or not to enter a case suite"""
    if self.fall or not args:
      return True
    elif self.value in args: # changed for v1.5,see below
      self.fall = True
      return True
    else:
      return False


# The following example is pretty much the exact use-case of a dictionary,# but is included for its simplicity. Note that you can include statements
# in each suite.
v = 'ten'
for case in switch(v):
  if case('one'):
    print 1
    break
  if case('two'):
    print 2
    break
  if case('ten'):
    print 10
    break
  if case('eleven'):
    print 11
    break
  if case(): # default,could also just omit condition or 'if True'
    print "something else!"
    # No need to break here,it'll stop anyway

# break is used here to look as much like the real thing as possible,but
# elif is generally just as good and more concise.

# Empty suites are considered syntax errors,so intentional fall-throughs
# should contain 'pass'
c = 'z'
for case in switch(c):
  if case('a'): pass # only necessary if the rest of the suite is empty
  if case('b'): pass
  # ...
  if case('y'): pass
  if case('z'):
    print "c is lowercase!"
    break
  if case('A'): pass
  # ...
  if case('Z'):
    print "c is uppercase!"
    break
  if case(): # default
    print "I dunno what c was!"

# As suggested by Pierre Quentel,you can even expand upon the
# functionality of the classic 'case' statement by matching multiple
# cases in a single shot. This greatly benefits operations such as the
# uppercase/lowercase example above:
import string
c = 'A'
for case in switch(c):
  if case(*string.lowercase): # note the * for unpacking as arguments
    print "c is lowercase!"
    break
  if case(*string.uppercase):
    print "c is uppercase!"
    break
  if case('!','?','.'): # normal argument passing style also applies
    print "c is a sentence terminator!"
    break
  if case(): # default
    print "I dunno what c was!"

# Since Pierre's suggestion is backward-compatible with the original recipe,# I have made the necessary modification to allow for the above usage.