Python的string模块中的Template类字符串模板用法
string.Template() 代码: # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import string template_text = ''''' Delimiter : %% Replaced : %with_underscore Ingored : %notunderscored ''' d = {'with_underscore' : 'replaced','notunderscored' : 'not replaced'} class MyTemplate(string.Template): delimiter = '%' idpattern = '[a-z]+_[a-z]+' t = MyTemplate(template_text) print('Modified ID pattern: ') print(t.safe_substitute(d)) 输出: Modified ID pattern: Delimiter : % Replaced : replaced Ingored : %notunderscored 注意: 定界符(delimiter)为"%",替换模式(idpattern)必须包含下划线,所以第2个没有进行替换. 正则替换 string.Template的pattern是一个正则表达式,可以通过覆盖pattern属性,定义新的正则表达式. 代码: import string t = string.Template('$var') print(t.pattern.pattern) class MyTemplate(string.Template): delimiter = '{{' pattern = r''''' {{(?: (?P<escaped>{{) | # Escape sequence of two delimiters (?P<named>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*)}} | # delimiter and a Python identifier {(?P<braced>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*)}}} | # delimiter and a braced identifier (?P<invalid>) # Other ill-formed delimiter exprs ) ''' t2 = MyTemplate(''''' {{{{ {{var}} ''') print('MATCHES: ',t2.pattern.findall(t2.template)) print('SUBSTITUTED: ',t2.safe_substitute(var='replacement')) 输出: $(?: (?P<escaped>$) | # Escape sequence of two delimiters (?P<named>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*) | # delimiter and a Python identifier {(?P<braced>[_a-z][_a-z0-9]*)} | # delimiter and a braced identifier (?P<invalid>) # Other ill-formed delimiter exprs ) MATCHES: [('{{','',''),('','var','')] SUBSTITUTED: {{ replacement 字符串模板的安全替换(safe_substitute) 代码: import string values = {'var' : 'foo'} t = string.Template('''''$var is here but $ missing is not provided! ''') try: print 'substitute() : ',t.substitute(values) except ValueError as err: print 'Error:',str(err) print 'safe_substitude() : ',t.safe_substitute(values) 输出: substitute() : Error: Invalid placeholder in string: line 1,col 18 safe_substitude() : foo is here but $ missing is not provided!
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