如何从多个GUI类集成多页Java桌面应用程序

… The application has about 15 GUI pages. I can use Layered Panes and Tabbed Panes to put all the GUI components in one class. But that class will be huge.

不必要. GUI可以非常简单,并且可以有一个允许其他类添加页面的方法,比如说一个名为registerPage(…)的东西：

public void registerPage(JComponent page,String name) {
  pageHolder.add(page,name);
  nameComboModel.addElement(name);
}

然后给出类方法,以允许一个方法转到下一页或上一页或随机页面.例如,像这样小的类可以工作：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class LotsOfPagesPanel extends JPanel {
   private CardLayout cardlayout = new CardLayout();
   private JPanel pageHolder = new JPanel(cardlayout);
   private DefaultComboBoxModel<String> nameComboModel = new DefaultComboBoxModel<String>();
   private JComboBox<String> nameCombo = new JComboBox<String>(nameComboModel);

   public LotsOfPagesPanel() {
      JPanel btnPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,5,0));
      btnPanel.add(new JButton(new PrevAction(this,"Previous",KeyEvent.VK_P)));
      btnPanel.add(new JButton(new NextAction(this,"Next",KeyEvent.VK_N)));
      JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel();
      bottomPanel.add(btnPanel);
      bottomPanel.add(nameCombo);

      nameCombo.addActionListener(new NameComboListener());
      pageHolder.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder());

      setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(5,5));
      setLayout(new BorderLayout(5,5));
      add(pageHolder,BorderLayout.CENTER);
      add(bottomPanel,BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
   }

   public void previousPage() {
      cardlayout.previous(pageHolder);
   }

   public void nextPage() {
      cardlayout.next(pageHolder);
   }

   public void show(String name) {
      cardlayout.show(pageHolder,name);
   }

   public void registerPage(JComponent page,String name) {
      pageHolder.add(page,name);
      nameComboModel.addElement(name);
   }

   private class NameComboListener implements ActionListener {
      @Override
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
         String selection = nameCombo.getSelectedItem().toString();
         show(selection);
      }
   }
}

所有这一类真正做的就是作为你的“页面”的存储库,并且具有允许连续或随机翻页的逻辑,而不是其他,但这就是它真正需要做的全部,并且通过限制它,我们限制班级的规模.如果需要其他功能,请为这些功能创建其他类

…比如我们的Action类,包括PrevAction类：

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;

public class PrevAction extends AbstractAction {
   private LotsOfPagesPanel lotsOfPages;

   public PrevAction(LotsOfPagesPanel lotsOfPages,String name,Integer keyCode) {
      super(name);
      this.lotsOfPages = lotsOfPages;
      putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY,keyCode);
   }

   @Override
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
      lotsOfPages.previousPage();
   }
}

和NextAction.java

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;

public class NextAction extends AbstractAction {
   private LotsOfPagesPanel lotsOfPages;

   public NextAction(LotsOfPagesPanel lotsOfPages,keyCode);
   }

   @Override
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
      lotsOfPages.nextPage();
   }
}

当然,你需要一个主要的方法：

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class LotsOfPagesMain {
   private static final String[] LABELS = { "One","Two","Three","Four","Five","Six","Seven","Eight","Nine","Ten","Eleven","Twelve","Thirteen","Fourteen","Fifteen" };
   private static final Dimension LABEL_SIZE = new Dimension(400,300);

   private static void createAndShowGui() {
      LotsOfPagesPanel lotsOfPages = new LotsOfPagesPanel();
      Random random = new Random();

      // I'm using JLabels as a simple substitute for your complex JPanel GUI "pages"
      for (String labelText : LABELS) {
         JLabel label = new JLabel(labelText,SwingConstants.CENTER);
         label.setPreferredSize(LABEL_SIZE);
         label.setOpaque(true);
         label.setBackground(new Color(random.nextInt(170) + 85,random
               .nextInt(170) + 85,random.nextInt(170) + 85));
         lotsOfPages.registerPage(label,labelText);
      }

      JFrame frame = new JFrame("LotsOfPages");
      frame.setDefaultCloSEOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      frame.getContentPane().add(lotsOfPages);
      frame.pack();
      frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
      frame.setVisible(true);
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
         public void run() {
            createAndShowGui();
         }
      });
   }
}

但它绝不会是一个庞大的类,你不必担心在用户处翻转多个JFrame.