java – 改善太空外星人的移动
发布时间：2020-12-15 00:40:07 所属栏目：Java 来源：网络整理
导读：我编写了一个受Space Invaders和Moon Patrol启发的迷你Android游戏场景.可以水平拍摄外星人(见上文). 也可以垂直射击外星人(见下文). 但是添加外星人并没有“扩展”,例如15个外星人在所有可能的碰撞中移动将是非常困难的.最初的太空入侵者和月球巡逻队解决了
|
我编写了一个受Space Invaders和Moon Patrol启发的迷你Android游戏场景.可以水平拍摄外星人(见上文). 也可以垂直射击外星人(见下文). 但是添加外星人并没有“扩展”,例如15个外星人在所有可能的碰撞中移动将是非常困难的.最初的太空入侵者和月球巡逻队解决了这个问题,是否有可能制定出与我使用的战略不同的战略？外星人的确切运动并不重要,只是它“有趣”. import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.support.v4.view.MotionEventCompat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ParallaxView extends SurfaceView implements Runnable {
List<Background> backgrounds;
private volatile boolean running;
private Thread gameThread = null;
// For drawing
private Paint paint;
private Canvas canvas;
private SurfaceHolder ourHolder;
// Holds a reference to the Activity
Context context;
// Control the fps
long fps = 60;
// Screen resolution
int screenWidth;
int screenHeight;
private void update() {
// Update all the background positions
for (Background bg : backgrounds) {
bg.update(fps);
}
}
ParallaxView(Context context,int screenWidth,int screenHeight) {
super(context);
this.context = context;
this.screenWidth = screenWidth;
this.screenHeight = screenHeight;
// Initialize our drawing objects
ourHolder = getHolder();
paint = new Paint();
// Initialize our array list
backgrounds = new ArrayList<>();
//load the background data into the Background objects and
// place them in our GameObject arraylist
backgrounds.add(new Background(
this.context,screenWidth,screenHeight,"bg",120,50));
backgrounds.add(new Background(
this.context,"grass",70,110,200));
// Add more backgrounds here
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (running) {
long startFrameTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
update();
if (j > 2000) {
j = -50;
k = 0;
}
if (o > 2000) {
o = -50;
l = 0;
}
draw();
// Calculate the fps this frame
long timeThisFrame = System.currentTimeMillis() - startFrameTime;
if (timeThisFrame >= 1) {
fps = 1000 / timeThisFrame;
}
}
}
int numberOfshots = 1;
int[] i = new int[200];
int j = 0;
int k = 0;
int l = 0;
int m = 0;
int o = 0;
boolean down = true;
long lastTurn = System.currentTimeMillis();
int xbuggy = 0;
int xbuggy2 = 0;
boolean down2 = true;
long lastTurn2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long lastTurn3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
boolean jump = false;
boolean shoot = false;
int ind = 0;
private void draw() {
if (ourHolder.getSurface().isValid()) {
//First we lock the area of memory we will be drawing to
canvas = ourHolder.lockCanvas();
if (jump) {
xbuggy = xbuggy + 4;
}
if (shoot) {
xbuggy2 = xbuggy2 + 4;
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn3 >= 1000) {
// Change direction here
jump = false;
lastTurn3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
xbuggy = 0;
}
//draw a background color
canvas.drawColor(Color.argb(255,0));
// Draw the background parallax
drawBackground(0);
// Draw the rest of the game
paint.setTextSize(60);
paint.setColor(Color.argb(255,255,255));
//canvas.drawText("MOONPATROL3000",350,screenHeight / 100 * 5,paint);
int resID = context.getResources().getIdentifier("vehicle","drawable",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID = context.getResources().getIdentifier("object3_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID2 = context.getResources().getIdentifier("object2_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID3 = context.getResources().getIdentifier("object1_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
// Load the bitmap using the id
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),resID);
Bitmap alienbitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),alienResID);
Bitmap alienbitmap2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),alienResID2);
Bitmap alienbitmap3 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),alienResID3);
//paint.setTextSize(220);
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < numberOfshots; i1++) {
// if horizontal missile hits alien 0
if (java.lang.Math.abs(j - i[i1]) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(k +150+ screenHeight / 100 * 45 - (float) (screenHeight * 0.61)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
//y1[i2] = -random.nextInt(1000); // reset to new vertical position
//score += 1;
//onScoreListener.onScore(score);
Log.d("missile","missile hit! ");
j=-200;
}
// if vertical missile hits alien 0
if (java.lang.Math.abs(j - 185) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(j + 150 + screenHeight / 100 * 45 - (screenHeight / 100 * 95 - i[i1] - xbuggy2)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
//y1[i2] = -random.nextInt(1000); // reset to new vertical position
//score += 1;
//onScoreListener.onScore(score);
Log.d("missile","missile hit! ");
j=-200;
}
// if horizontal missile hits alien 1,right now this won't happen
if (java.lang.Math.abs(j - i[i1]) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(k +150+ screenHeight / 100 * 45 - (float) (screenHeight * 0.61)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
//y1[i2] = -random.nextInt(1000); // reset to new vertical position
//score += 1;
//onScoreListener.onScore(score);
Log.d("missile","missile hit! ");
j=-200;
}
// if vertical missile hits alien 1
if (java.lang.Math.abs(o + 10 - 185) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(l + screenHeight / 100 * 25 - (screenHeight / 100 * 95 - i[i1] - xbuggy2)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
//y1[i2] = -random.nextInt(1000); // reset to new vertical position
//score += 1;
//onScoreListener.onScore(score);
Log.d("missile","missile hit! ");
o=-200;
}
canvas.drawText("o",i[i1],(float) (screenHeight * 0.61),paint);
canvas.drawText("o",185,screenHeight / 100 * 95 - i[i1] - xbuggy2,paint);
if (i1 == numberOfshots - 1 && i[i1] > screenWidth) {
if (numberOfshots > 0) numberOfshots--;
if (ind > 0) ind--;
}
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn >= 2000) {
// Change direction here
down = !down;
lastTurn = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn2 >= 7000) {
// Change direction here
down2 = !down2;
lastTurn2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
canvas.drawBitmap(alienbitmap,j,k +150+ screenHeight / 100 * 45,paint);
canvas.drawBitmap(alienbitmap2,o + 10,l + screenHeight / 100 * 25,paint);
//canvas.drawBitmap(alienbitmap3,j+20,k+screenHeight / 100 * 5,paint);
drawBackground(1);
canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap,50,(float) (screenHeight * 0.5) - xbuggy,paint);
// Draw the foreground parallax
for (int n = 0; n < numberOfshots; n++)
i[n] = i[n] + 20;
j = j + 10;
o = o + 7;
if (!down)
k=k+2;
else
k=k-2;
if (!down2)
l++;
else
l--;
// Unlock and draw the scene
ourHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
}
}
// Clean up our thread if the game is stopped
public void pause() {
running = false;
try {
gameThread.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// Error
}
}
// Make a new thread and start it
// Execution moves to our run method
public void resume() {
running = true;
gameThread = new Thread(this);
gameThread.start();
}
private void drawBackground(int position) {
// Make a copy of the relevant background
Background bg = backgrounds.get(position);
// define what portion of images to capture and
// what coordinates of screen to draw them at
// For the regular bitmap
Rect fromRect1 = new Rect(0,bg.width - bg.xClip,bg.height);
Rect toRect1 = new Rect(bg.xClip,bg.startY,bg.width,bg.endY);
// For the reversed background
Rect fromRect2 = new Rect(bg.width - bg.xClip,bg.height);
Rect toRect2 = new Rect(0,bg.xClip,bg.endY);
//draw the two background bitmaps
if (!bg.reversedFirst) {
canvas.drawBitmap(bg.bitmap,fromRect1,toRect1,paint);
canvas.drawBitmap(bg.bitmapReversed,fromRect2,toRect2,paint);
} else {
canvas.drawBitmap(bg.bitmap,paint);
}
}
// Because we call this from onTouchEvent,this code will be executed for both
// normal touch events and for when the system calls this using Accessibility
@Override
public boolean performClick() {
super.performClick();
launchMissile();
return true;
}
private void launchMissile() {
i[ind] = 350;
ind++;
xbuggy2 = 0;
shoot = true;
}
// event listener for when the user touches the screen
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
boolean gameOver = false;
//if (paused) {
// paused = false;
//}
int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);
int coordX = (int) event.getX();
int coordY = (int) event.getY();
Log.d("coordY","coordY " + coordY);
if (coordX < 220 && xbuggy == 0 && action == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) {
jump = true;
shoot = false;
lastTurn3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
return true; // do nothing
}
if (coordX > 219 && action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
numberOfshots++;
performClick();
return true;
}
return true;
}
}
更新 我已经开始根据以下内容封装外星人的逻辑. import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
public class Alien {
public Alien(){}
public Alien(Context context,String name) {
setAlienResID(context.getResources().getIdentifier("object3_hdpi",context.getPackageName()));
setAlienbitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),this.getAlienResID()));
}
public int getAlienResID() {
return alienResID;
}
public void setAlienResID(int alienResID) {
this.alienResID = alienResID;
}
public Bitmap getAlienbitmap() {
return alienbitmap;
}
public void setAlienbitmap(Bitmap alienbitmap) {
this.alienbitmap = alienbitmap;
}
public int getWidth() {
return width;
}
public void setWidth(int width) {
this.width = width;
}
public int getHeight() {
return height;
}
public void setHeight(int height) {
this.height = height;
}
int alienResID;
Bitmap alienbitmap;
int width;
int height;
}
public class AttackingAlien extends Alien {
public AttackingAlien(Context context,String name) {
super(context,name);
}
}
更新2 我改变了策略.现在我正在画一艘宇宙飞船,它将轰炸月球车. 相关代码是 import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.support.v4.view.MotionEventCompat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ParallaxView extends SurfaceView implements Runnable {
List<Background> backgrounds;
private volatile boolean running;
private Thread gameThread = null;
// For drawing
private Paint paint;
private Canvas canvas;
private SurfaceHolder ourHolder;
// Holds a reference to the Activity
Context context;
// Control the fps
long fps = 60;
// Screen resolution
int screenWidth;
int screenHeight;
private void update() {
// Update all the background positions
for (Background bg : backgrounds) {
bg.update(fps);
}
}
ParallaxView(Context context,200));
// Add more backgrounds here
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (running) {
long startFrameTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
update();
if (j > 2000) {
j = -50;
k = 0;
}
if (o > 2000) {
o = -50;
l = 0;
}
draw();
// Calculate the fps this frame
long timeThisFrame = System.currentTimeMillis() - startFrameTime;
if (timeThisFrame >= 1) {
fps = 1000 / timeThisFrame;
}
}
}
int numberOfshots = 1;
int[] i = new int[200];
int j = 0;
int k = 0;
int l = 0;
int m = 0;
int o = 0;
boolean down = true;
long lastTurn = System.currentTimeMillis();
int xbuggy = 0;
int xbuggy2 = 0;
boolean down2 = true;
long lastTurn2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long lastTurn3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long lastTurn4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
boolean jump = false;
boolean shoot = false;
int ind = 0;
int numberOfAlienshots = 1;
int missileOffSetY = 0;
private void draw() {
if (ourHolder.getSurface().isValid()) {
//First we lock the area of memory we will be drawing to
canvas = ourHolder.lockCanvas();
if (jump) {
xbuggy = xbuggy + 4;
}
if (shoot) {
xbuggy2 = xbuggy2 + 4;
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn4 >= 2000) {
// Change direction here
//jump = false;
lastTurn4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
missileOffSetY = 0;
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn3 >= 1000) {
// Change direction here
jump = false;
lastTurn3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
xbuggy = 0;
}
//draw a background color
canvas.drawColor(Color.argb(255,context.getPackageName());
Alien alien1 = new AttackingAlien(context,"right_side_hdpi");
Alien alien2 = new AttackingAlien(context,"object2_hdpi");
Alien alien3 = new AttackingAlien(context,"object1_hdpi");
int alienResID = context.getResources().getIdentifier("right_side_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID2 = context.getResources().getIdentifier("right_side_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID3 = context.getResources().getIdentifier("right_side_hdpi",alienResID3);
//paint.setTextSize(220);
//for (int i1 = 0; i1 < numberOfAlienshots; i1++) {
if (missileOffSetY < 300) {
canvas.drawText("|",o + 10 + alienbitmap2.getWidth() / 2,l + screenHeight / 100 * 25 + 75 + missileOffSetY,paint);
missileOffSetY = missileOffSetY + 10;
}
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < numberOfshots; i1++) {
// if horizontal missile hits alien 0
if (java.lang.Math.abs(j - i[i1]) * 2 < (alien1.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(k +150+ screenHeight / 100 * 45 - (float) (screenHeight * 0.61)) * 2 < (alien1.getHeight() + 60)) {
//y1[i2] = -random.nextInt(1000); // reset to new vertical position
//score += 1;
//onScoreListener.onScore(score);
Log.d("missile","missile hit! ");
j=-200;
}
// if vertical missile hits alien 0
if (java.lang.Math.abs(j - 185) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(j + 150 + screenHeight / 100 * 45 - (screenHeight / 100 * 95 - i[i1] - xbuggy2)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
j=-200;
}
// if horizontal missile hits alien 1,right now this won't happen
if (java.lang.Math.abs(j - i[i1]) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(k +150+ screenHeight / 100 * 45 - (float) (screenHeight * 0.61)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
j=-200;
}
// if vertical missile hits alien 1
if (java.lang.Math.abs(o + 10 - 185) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getWidth() + 60) && java.lang.Math.abs(l + screenHeight / 100 * 25 - (screenHeight / 100 * 95 - i[i1] - xbuggy2)) * 2 < (alienbitmap.getHeight() + 60)) {
o=-200;
}
canvas.drawText("o",paint);
if (i1 == numberOfshots - 1 && i[i1] > screenWidth) {
if (numberOfshots > 0) numberOfshots--;
if (ind > 0) ind--;
}
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn >= 2000) {
// Change direction here
down = !down;
lastTurn = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastTurn2 >= 7000) {
// Change direction here
down2 = !down2;
lastTurn2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
// canvas.drawBitmap(alien1.getAlienbitmap(),this code will be executed for both
// normal touch events and for when the system calls this using Accessibility
@Override
public boolean performClick() {
super.performClick();
launchMissile();
return true;
}
private void launchMissile() {
i[ind] = 350; // what does it do?
ind++;
xbuggy2 = 0;
shoot = true;
}
// event listener for when the user touches the screen
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
boolean gameOver = false;
//if (paused) {
// paused = false;
//}
int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);
int coordX = (int) event.getX();
int coordY = (int) event.getY();
Log.d("coordY","coordY " + coordY);
if (coordX < 220 && xbuggy == 0 && action == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) {
jump = true;
shoot = false;
lastTurn3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
return true; // do nothing
}
if (coordX > 219 && action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
numberOfshots++;
performClick();
return true;
}
return true;
}
}
解决方法
您最大的错误似乎是在绘制例程中分配4位图.在onCreate中分配这些位图,并简单地调用您在onCreate()上初始化的全局位图.这将解决您的问题.您可以在他们的位置绘制它们.
private void draw() {
Alien alien1 = new AttackingAlien(context,"right_side_hdpi");
Alien alien2 = new AttackingAlien(context,"object2_hdpi");
Alien alien3 = new AttackingAlien(context,"object1_hdpi");
你分配了一堆内存对象来调用上下文并扩展drawable和一堆其他工作.你可能刚刚使用了同一个外星人. int alienResID = context.getResources().getIdentifier("right_side_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID2 = context.getResources().getIdentifier("right_side_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
int alienResID3 = context.getResources().getIdentifier("right_side_hdpi",context.getPackageName());
外星人ID与之前的勾号没有变化. // Load the bitmap using the id
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),resID);
Bitmap alienbitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),alienResID);
Bitmap alienbitmap2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),alienResID2);
Bitmap alienbitmap3 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),alienResID3);
这些是与最后一个滴答相同的位图,位图是巨型的,从资源获取它们很慢,而且你正在做这个每一个滴答. } } 大多数其他的东西都会在这里和那里刮掉半个小时,但这里可能会让你到达正确的FPS棒球场. 不要担心,尽管你有其他人. 通过使例程更快来解决您的大部分问题.现在是时候说,你做错了.这样做的典型和正确方法是每17ms左右循环一次.其余时间暂停了.有些错误很明显. 您最大的错误似乎是在绘制例程中分配4位图. 但是,抽奖程序只会绘制.你绘制了画布上需要发生的东西,就是这样.你没有分配任何你不夸大任何东西的东西,你拿出你所拥有的数字,并把你已经加载的东西绘制在那个位置的内存中. 你正在勾选并在绘图程序中进行碰撞检测,并且当它们必须在一瞬间被扔在木刻器中时为它分配一堆对象. 您不应在初始化之外或在存在新外星人的特殊情况下创建任何对象.你不应该在绘图程序中的任何地方使用“新”.永远. 你正在使用蛮力进行碰撞检测,最终没有.找到你喜欢的漂亮加速结构并使用它.对于1个对象,它无关紧要. 不要打电话给一些外星人,虽然它看起来更漂亮,你想要外星人的边界框的原始数字.然后,您希望将它们保留在某种允许非常快速地引用它们的结构中(您需要在不到17ms的时间内使用该帧).调用一堆宽度命令并不是很有用,即使它们改变了大小只是更改了hitbox的数量.这些方法允许您为数据提供一些不错的结构,例如具有已排序的命中箱数组,您可以对其进行二进制搜索,并查找移动的对象是否在log(n)时间内通过对结构进行log(n)更新来命中对象,或者一些用于遍历轴对齐边界框树的方法.这是你最终需要的东西,但只要你保持简单就可以没有这个.但是,实际上只是你的位图在那里做了大部分的减速. 还有很多其他基本问题,比如将边界框放在if语句中,而不是另外制作两个矩形.但还有其他问题,比如制作矩形！你用实际的位置调用绘图而不是一些用一个大的ass对象来调用一个函数.只需使用数字调用该函数即可. 你应该有一个例程,根据东西的位置为你做绘图.它应该能够在不到17ms的时间内绘制所需的一切.如果它不能,你将不会达到你需要击中的60fps.因此,在这种情况下,减少一些东西并做得更好.那个空间背景需要是位图吗？你能不能为天空绘制一堆点,并相应地调整图形.你的绘制程序从不分配任何东西.期.如果你需要分配它应该在init期间的东西.分配是你生存的祸根. 你的触摸更新了东西的位置. AI / Physics勾选还会更新事物的位置并检查串通.平局只根据记忆中的位置和内容绘制内容. 在自己的线程中运行更新位置标记.您只需要处理读取和写入相同数据的并发位.它只需要同步绘制数据的变化数据读取,因此在具有相同对象的同步块中抛出这些部分(触摸位置更新,勾选位置更新,以及获取绘图例程本身的位置). （编辑：李大同） 【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |