在java poi导入Excel通用工具类示例详解

<!-- poi操作excel --> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 
   <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> 
   <version>3.8</version> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 
   <artifactId>poi</artifactId> 
   <version>3.8</version> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 
   <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId> 
   <version>3.8</version> 
  </dependency> 
<!-- beanutils --> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> 
   <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> 
   <version>1.8.3</version> 
  </dependency> 
<!-- commons-lang--> 
  <dependency> 
    <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> 
    <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> 
    <version>2.6</version> 
  </dependency> 

commons-beanutils-1.8.3.jar
commons-lang-2.6.jar
commons-logging-1.1.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
log4j-1.2.13.jar
poi-3.8-20120326.jar
poi-excelant-3.8-20120326.jar
poi-ooxml-3.8-20120326.jar
poi-ooxml-schemas-3.8-20120326.jar
poi-scratchpad-3.8-20120326.jar
stax-api-1.0.1.jar
xmlbeans-2.3.0.jar

package com.dao.chu.excel; 
 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStream; 
import java.lang.reflect.Field; 
import java.math.BigDecimal; 
import java.text.DecimalFormat; 
import java.text.ParseException; 
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.List; 
import java.util.Locale; 
 
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils; 
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; 
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell; 
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; 
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; 
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; 
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; 
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; 
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; 
 
/** 
 * 
 * excel读取工具类 
 * 
 * @author daochuwenziyao 
 * @see [相关类/方法] 
 * @since [产品/模块版本] 
 */ 
public class ImportExeclUtil 
{ 
  
 private static int totalRows = 0;// 总行数 
  
 private static int totalCells = 0;// 总列数 
  
 private static String errorInfo;// 错误信息 
  
 /** 无参构造方法 */ 
 public ImportExeclUtil() 
 { 
 } 
  
 public static int getTotalRows() 
 { 
  return totalRows; 
 } 
  
 public static int getTotalCells() 
 { 
  return totalCells; 
 } 
  
 public static String getErrorInfo() 
 { 
  return errorInfo; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 根据流读取Excel文件 
  * 
  * 
  * @param inputStream 
  * @param isExcel2003 
  * @return 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 public List<List<String>> read(InputStream inputStream,boolean isExcel2003) 
  throws IOException 
 { 
   
  List<List<String>> dataLst = null; 
   
  /** 根据版本选择创建Workbook的方式 */ 
  Workbook wb = null; 
   
  if (isExcel2003) 
  { 
   wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream); 
  } 
  else 
  { 
   wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream); 
  } 
  dataLst = readDate(wb); 
   
  return dataLst; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 读取数据 
  * 
  * @param wb 
  * @return 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 private List<List<String>> readDate(Workbook wb) 
 { 
   
  List<List<String>> dataLst = new ArrayList<List<String>>(); 
   
  /** 得到第一个shell */ 
  Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); 
   
  /** 得到Excel的行数 */ 
  totalRows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); 
   
  /** 得到Excel的列数 */ 
  if (totalRows >= 1 && sheet.getRow(0) != null) 
  { 
   totalCells = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); 
  } 
   
  /** 循环Excel的行 */ 
  for (int r = 0; r < totalRows; r++) 
  { 
   Row row = sheet.getRow(r); 
   if (row == null) 
   { 
    continue; 
   } 
    
   List<String> rowLst = new ArrayList<String>(); 
    
   /** 循环Excel的列 */ 
   for (int c = 0; c < getTotalCells(); c++) 
   { 
     
    Cell cell = row.getCell(c); 
    String cellValue = ""; 
     
    if (null != cell) 
    { 
     // 以下是判断数据的类型 
     switch (cell.getCellType()) 
     { 
      case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: // 数字 
       cellValue = cell.getNumericCellValue() + ""; 
       break; 
       
      case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: // 字符串 
       cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue(); 
       break; 
       
      case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: // Boolean 
       cellValue = cell.getBooleanCellValue() + ""; 
       break; 
       
      case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: // 公式 
       cellValue = cell.getCellFormula() + ""; 
       break; 
       
      case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: // 空值 
       cellValue = ""; 
       break; 
       
      case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障 
       cellValue = "非法字符"; 
       break; 
       
      default: 
       cellValue = "未知类型"; 
       break; 
     } 
    } 
     
    rowLst.add(cellValue); 
   } 
    
   /** 保存第r行的第c列 */ 
   dataLst.add(rowLst); 
  } 
   
  return dataLst; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 按指定坐标读取实体数据 
  * <按顺序放入带有注解的实体成员变量中> 
  * 
  * @param wb 工作簿 
  * @param t 实体 
  * @param in 输入流 
  * @param integers 指定需要解析的坐标 
  * @return T 相应实体 
  * @throws IOException 
  * @throws Exception 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 @SuppressWarnings("unused") 
 public static <T> T readDateT(Workbook wb,T t,InputStream in,Integer[]... integers) 
  throws IOException,Exception 
 { 
  // 获取该工作表中的第一个工作表 
  Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); 
   
  // 成员变量的值 
  Object entityMemberValue = ""; 
   
  // 所有成员变量 
  Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); 
  // 列开始下标 
  int startCell = 0; 
   
  /** 循环出需要的成员 */ 
  for (int f = 0; f < fields.length; f++) 
  { 
    
   fields[f].setAccessible(true); 
   String fieldName = fields[f].getName(); 
   boolean fieldHasAnno = fields[f].isAnnotationPresent(IsNeeded.class); 
   // 有注解 
   if (fieldHasAnno) 
   { 
    IsNeeded annotation = fields[f].getAnnotation(IsNeeded.class); 
    boolean isNeeded = annotation.isNeeded(); 
     
    // Excel需要赋值的列 
    if (isNeeded) 
    { 
      
     // 获取行和列 
     int x = integers[startCell][0] - 1; 
     int y = integers[startCell][1] - 1; 
      
     Row row = sheet.getRow(x); 
     Cell cell = row.getCell(y); 
      
     if (row == null) 
     { 
      continue; 
     } 
      
     // Excel中解析的值 
     String cellValue = getCellValue(cell); 
     // 需要赋给成员变量的值 
     entityMemberValue = getEntityMemberValue(entityMemberValue,fields,f,cellValue); 
     // 赋值 
     PropertyUtils.setProperty(t,fieldName,entityMemberValue); 
     // 列的下标加1 
     startCell++; 
    } 
   } 
    
  } 
   
  return t; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 读取列表数据 
  * <按顺序放入带有注解的实体成员变量中> 
  * 
  * @param wb 工作簿 
  * @param t 实体 
  * @param beginLine 开始行数 
  * @param totalcut 结束行数减去相应行数 
  * @return List<T> 实体列表 
  * @throws Exception 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
 public static <T> List<T> readDateListT(Workbook wb,int beginLine,int totalcut) 
  throws Exception 
 { 
  List<T> listt = new ArrayList<T>(); 
   
  /** 得到第一个shell */ 
  Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); 
   
  /** 得到Excel的行数 */ 
  totalRows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); 
   
  /** 得到Excel的列数 */ 
  if (totalRows >= 1 && sheet.getRow(0) != null) 
  { 
   totalCells = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); 
  } 
   
  /** 循环Excel的行 */ 
  for (int r = beginLine - 1; r < totalRows - totalcut; r++) 
  { 
   Object newInstance = t.getClass().newInstance(); 
   Row row = sheet.getRow(r); 
   if (row == null) 
   { 
    continue; 
   } 
    
   // 成员变量的值 
   Object entityMemberValue = ""; 
    
   // 所有成员变量 
   Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); 
   // 列开始下标 
   int startCell = 0; 
    
   for (int f = 0; f < fields.length; f++) 
   { 
     
    fields[f].setAccessible(true); 
    String fieldName = fields[f].getName(); 
    boolean fieldHasAnno = fields[f].isAnnotationPresent(IsNeeded.class); 
    // 有注解 
    if (fieldHasAnno) 
    { 
     IsNeeded annotation = fields[f].getAnnotation(IsNeeded.class); 
     boolean isNeeded = annotation.isNeeded(); 
     // Excel需要赋值的列 
     if (isNeeded) 
     { 
      Cell cell = row.getCell(startCell); 
      String cellValue = getCellValue(cell); 
      entityMemberValue = getEntityMemberValue(entityMemberValue,cellValue); 
      // 赋值 
      PropertyUtils.setProperty(newInstance,entityMemberValue); 
      // 列的下标加1 
      startCell++; 
     } 
    } 
     
   } 
    
   listt.add((T)newInstance); 
  } 
   
  return listt; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 根据Excel表格中的数据判断类型得到值 
  * 
  * @param cell 
  * @return 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 private static String getCellValue(Cell cell) 
 { 
  String cellValue = ""; 
   
  if (null != cell) 
  { 
   // 以下是判断数据的类型 
   switch (cell.getCellType()) 
   { 
    case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: // 数字 
     if (org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) 
     { 
      Date theDate = cell.getDateCellValue(); 
      SimpleDateFormat dff = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); 
      cellValue = dff.format(theDate); 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0"); 
      cellValue = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue()); 
     } 
     break; 
    case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: // 字符串 
     cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue(); 
     break; 
     
    case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: // Boolean 
     cellValue = cell.getBooleanCellValue() + ""; 
     break; 
     
    case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: // 公式 
     cellValue = cell.getCellFormula() + ""; 
     break; 
     
    case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: // 空值 
     cellValue = ""; 
     break; 
     
    case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障 
     cellValue = "非法字符"; 
     break; 
     
    default: 
     cellValue = "未知类型"; 
     break; 
   } 
    
  } 
  return cellValue; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 根据实体成员变量的类型得到成员变量的值 
  * 
  * @param realValue 
  * @param fields 
  * @param f 
  * @param cellValue 
  * @return 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 private static Object getEntityMemberValue(Object realValue,Field[] fields,int f,String cellValue) 
 { 
  String type = fields[f].getType().getName(); 
  switch (type) 
  { 
   case "char": 
   case "java.lang.Character": 
   case "java.lang.String": 
    realValue = cellValue; 
    break; 
   case "java.util.Date": 
    realValue = StringUtils.isBlank(cellValue) ? null : DateUtil.strToDate(cellValue,DateUtil.YYYY_MM_DD); 
    break; 
   case "java.lang.Integer": 
    realValue = StringUtils.isBlank(cellValue) ? null : Integer.valueOf(cellValue); 
    break; 
   case "int": 
   case "float": 
   case "double": 
   case "java.lang.Double": 
   case "java.lang.Float": 
   case "java.lang.Long": 
   case "java.lang.Short": 
   case "java.math.BigDecimal": 
    realValue = StringUtils.isBlank(cellValue) ? null : new BigDecimal(cellValue); 
    break; 
   default: 
    break; 
  } 
  return realValue; 
 } 
  
 /** 
  * 
  * 根据路径或文件名选择Excel版本 
  * 
  * 
  * @param filePathOrName 
  * @param in 
  * @return 
  * @throws IOException 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 public static Workbook chooseWorkbook(String filePathOrName,InputStream in) 
  throws IOException 
 { 
  /** 根据版本选择创建Workbook的方式 */ 
  Workbook wb = null; 
  boolean isExcel2003 = ExcelVersionUtil.isExcel2003(filePathOrName); 
   
  if (isExcel2003) 
  { 
   wb = new HSSFWorkbook(in); 
  } 
  else 
  { 
   wb = new XSSFWorkbook(in); 
  } 
   
  return wb; 
 } 
  
 static class ExcelVersionUtil 
 { 
   
  /** 
   * 
   * 是否是2003的excel，返回true是2003 
   * 
   * 
   * @param filePath 
   * @return 
   * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
   */ 
  public static boolean isExcel2003(String filePath) 
  { 
   return filePath.matches("^.+.(?i)(xls)$"); 
    
  } 
   
  /** 
   * 
   * 是否是2007的excel，返回true是2007 
   * 
   * 
   * @param filePath 
   * @return 
   * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
   */ 
  public static boolean isExcel2007(String filePath) 
  { 
   return filePath.matches("^.+.(?i)(xlsx)$"); 
    
  } 
   
 } 
  
 public static class DateUtil 
 { 
   
  // ======================日期格式化常量=====================// 
   
  public static final String YYYY_MM_DDHHMMSS = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; 
   
  public static final String YYYY_MM_DD = "yyyy-MM-dd"; 
   
  public static final String YYYY_MM = "yyyy-MM"; 
   
  public static final String YYYY = "yyyy"; 
   
  public static final String YYYYMMDDHHMMSS = "yyyyMMddHHmmss"; 
   
  public static final String YYYYMMDD = "yyyyMMdd"; 
   
  public static final String YYYYMM = "yyyyMM"; 
   
  public static final String YYYYMMDDHHMMSS_1 = "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"; 
   
  public static final String YYYY_MM_DD_1 = "yyyy/MM/dd"; 
   
  public static final String YYYY_MM_1 = "yyyy/MM"; 
   
  /** 
   * 
   * 自定义取值，Date类型转为String类型 
   * 
   * @param date 日期 
   * @param pattern 格式化常量 
   * @return 
   * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
   */ 
  public static String dateToStr(Date date,String pattern) 
  { 
   SimpleDateFormat format = null; 
    
   if (null == date) 
    return null; 
   format = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern,Locale.getDefault()); 
    
   return format.format(date); 
  } 
   
  /** 
   * 将字符串转换成Date类型的时间 
   * <hr> 
   * 
   * @param s 日期类型的字符串<br> 
   *   datePattern :YYYY_MM_DD<br> 
   * @return java.util.Date 
   */ 
  public static Date strToDate(String s,String pattern) 
  { 
   if (s == null) 
   { 
    return null; 
   } 
   Date date = null; 
   SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern); 
   try 
   { 
    date = sdf.parse(s); 
   } 
   catch (ParseException e) 
   { 
    e.printStackTrace(); 
   } 
   return date; 
  } 
 } 
  
} 

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; 
import java.lang.annotation.Retention; 
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; 
import java.lang.annotation.Target; 
 
/** 
 * 
 * 是否需要从解析excel赋值 
 * @author daochuwenziyao 
 * @see [相关类/方法] 
 * @since [产品/模块版本] 
 */ 
@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) 
@Target(value = {ElementType.FIELD}) 
public @interface IsNeeded 
{ 
  
 /** 
  * 是否需要从解析excel赋值 
  * @return 
  *   true:需要 false:不需要 
  * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员] 
  */ 
 boolean isNeeded() default true; 
} 

import java.math.BigDecimal; 
 
/** 
 * 
 * 学生基本信息 
 * @author daochuwenziyao 
 * @see [相关类/方法] 
 * @since [产品/模块版本] 
 */ 
public class StudentBaseInfo 
{ 
 private Integer id; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private String no; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private String name; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private String idnum; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private String sex; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private BigDecimal grade; 
  
  
 @Override 
 public String toString() 
 { 
  return "StudentBaseInfo [id=" + id + ",no=" + no + ",name=" + name + ",idnum=" + idnum + ",sex=" + sex 
   + ",grade=" + grade + "]"; 
 } 
 public Integer getId() 
 { 
  return id; 
 } 
 public void setId(Integer id) 
 { 
  this.id = id; 
 } 
 public String getNo() 
 { 
  return no; 
 } 
 public void setNo(String no) 
 { 
  this.no = no; 
 } 
 public String getName() 
 { 
  return name; 
 } 
 public void setName(String name) 
 { 
  this.name = name; 
 } 
 public String getSex() 
 { 
  return sex; 
 } 
 public void setSex(String sex) 
 { 
  this.sex = sex; 
 } 
 public String getIdnum() 
 { 
  return idnum; 
 } 
 public void setIdnum(String idnum) 
 { 
  this.idnum = idnum; 
 } 
 public BigDecimal getGrade() 
 { 
  return grade; 
 } 
 public void setGrade(BigDecimal grade) 
 { 
  this.grade = grade; 
 } 
  
} 

/** 
 * 
 * 学生统计信息 
 * @author daochuwenziyao 
 * @see [相关类/方法] 
 * @since [产品/模块版本] 
 */ 
public class StudentStatistics 
{ 
 private Integer id; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private BigDecimal totalGrade; 
 @IsNeeded 
 private BigDecimal avgGrade; 
  
 @Override 
 public String toString() 
 { 
  return "StudentStatistics [id=" + id + ",totalGrade=" + totalGrade + ",avgGrade=" + avgGrade + "]"; 
 } 
 public Integer getId() 
 { 
  return id; 
 } 
 public void setId(Integer id) 
 { 
  this.id = id; 
 } 
 public BigDecimal getTotalGrade() 
 { 
  return totalGrade; 
 } 
 public void setTotalGrade(BigDecimal totalGrade) 
 { 
  this.totalGrade = totalGrade; 
 } 
 public BigDecimal getAvgGrade() 
 { 
  return avgGrade; 
 } 
 public void setAvgGrade(BigDecimal avgGrade) 
 { 
  this.avgGrade = avgGrade; 
 } 
  
} 

package com.dao.chu.excel; 
 
 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStream; 
import java.util.List; 
 
 
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; 
 
 
public class TestImportExcel 
{ 
  
 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException,Exception 
 { 
   
  String fileName="student.xlsx"; 
  InputStream in = new FileInputStream(new File("excelfilestudent.xlsx")); 
  Workbook wb = ImportExeclUtil.chooseWorkbook(fileName,in); 
  StudentStatistics studentStatistics = new StudentStatistics(); 
   
  //读取一个对象的信息 
  StudentStatistics readDateT = 
   ImportExeclUtil.readDateT(wb,studentStatistics,in,new Integer[] {12,5},new Integer[] {13,5}); 
  System.out.println(readDateT); 
   
  //读取对象列表的信息 
  StudentBaseInfo studentBaseInfo = new StudentBaseInfo(); 
  //第二行开始，到倒数第三行结束（总数减去两行） 
  List<StudentBaseInfo> readDateListT = ImportExeclUtil.readDateListT(wb,studentBaseInfo,2,2); 
  System.out.println(readDateListT); 
   
 } 
} 

StudentStatistics [id=null,totalGrade=845,avgGrade=84]
[StudentBaseInfo [id=null,no=2012240001,name=张三1,idnum=233314199009062304,sex=男,grade=80],StudentBaseInfo [id=null,no=2012240002,name=张三2,grade=81],no=2012240003,name=张三3,grade=82],no=2012240004,name=张三4,grade=83],no=2012240005,name=张三5,grade=84],no=2012240006,name=张三6,grade=85],no=2012240007,name=张三7,grade=86],no=2012240008,name=张三8,grade=87],no=2012240009,name=张三9,grade=88],no=2012240010,name=张三10,grade=89]]