《Mysql学习从零开始搭建MySQL MMM架构》要点: 本文介绍了Mysql学习从零开始搭建MySQL MMM架构,希望对您有用。如果有疑问,可以联系我们。
云平台是个好东西,MySQL-mmm的典型配置是必要五台机器,一台作为mmm admin,两台master,两台slave.一下子找五台机器真不容易,何况还要安装同样的操作系统.而有了cloud,简单几步就有了完备的实验环境:四台数据库服务器和一台管理服务器(Memory:8G,CPU:2G,Disk:128G,64bit RHEL6).在此,向为付出辛劳搭建云平台的同事们表示由衷的感谢:-)下面言归正传,开始全新的MySQL mmm之旅.MYSQL学习
下面要配置的MySQL Cluster环境包括四台数据库服务器和一台管理服务器,如下:MYSQL学习
|
function |
IP |
Server Name |
server id |
monitor
192.168.84.174
-
-
master
192.168.85.167
db1
1
master
192.168.85.169
db2
2
slave
192.168.85.171
db3
3
slave
192.168.85.168
db4
4
配置完成后,使用下面的虚拟IP拜访MySQL ClusterMYSQL学习
IP |
role |
192.168.85.200
writer
192.168.85.201
reader
192.168.85.202
reader
192.168.85.203
reader
?一、设置装备摆设MySQL RelicationMYSQL学习
1. 安装MySQLMYSQL进修
通过yum敕令直接安装了mysql5.1.52.MYSQL学习
2. 改动配置文件/etc/my.cnfMYSQL学习
要将添加的内容放在配置文件的[mysqld]部门,如下:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
#下面为新添加的内容
default-storage-engine = innodbMYSQL进修
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
binlog-ignore-db??? = mysqlMYSQL进修
server-id?????????? = 1
log-bin???????????? = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
log_bin_index?????? = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log.index
relay_log?????????? = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.relay
relay_log_index???? = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.relay.index
expire_logs_days??? = 10
max_binlog_size???? = 100M
log_slave_updates?? = 1
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?注意:MYSQL进修
1)server-id在每台服务器上的值都是纷歧样,在这里依次为1、2、3、4.
2)因为在这里把log文件配置到了/var/log/mysql下,而mysql默认的目录是在/var/lib/mysql,所以首先要新建mysql文件夹,然后用chown -R mysql.mysql mysql命令将mysql的所有者修改为用户mysql.其次要保证,mysql文件夹的权限755(即-rwxr-xr-x).
如果没有修改权限和所有者,重启服务时就会在错误日志中出现找不到mysql-bin.log或者mysql-bin.log.index的错误(/usr/libexec/mysqld: File '/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log.index' not found (Errcode: 13)).MYSQL学习
3. 重新启动mysql服务MYSQL进修
在完成了对my.cnf的修改后,通过service mysqld restart重新启动mysql服务.在正确启动后,可以通过如下方式反省配置是否正确:MYSQL学习
1)登录mysql,执行show master status,看是否有如下输出:
MYSQL进修
代码如下:
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File???????????? | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |????? 106 |????????????? | mysql??????????? |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
2)到/var/log/mysql目录下,看是否产生了类似mysql-bin.000001和mysql-bin.log.index的文件.
二、新建同步数据库必要的用户MYSQL学习
使用mysql-mmm时一共必要三个用户: replication、mmm_agent和mmm_monitor(管理服务器上用来监控cluster状态的用户,所以可以限定只能从管理服务器登录).使用下面三条命令新建这三个用户并分配相应的权限:MYSQL学习
代码如下:
GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT???????????????? ON *.* TO 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.84.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'monitor';?
GRANT SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS ON *.* TO 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.85.%'?? IDENTIFIED BY 'agent';?
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE????????????????? ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.85.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replication';?
三、同步主从数据库
1. 从主数据库服务器导出当前数据库内容?????
MYSQL进修
代码如下:
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;?
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;?
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+?
| File???????????? | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |?
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+?
| mysql-bin.000001 |????? 106 |????????????? | mysql??????????? |?
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+?
注意保存上述信息,后面还会用到.另外,不要结束当前mysql控制台,重新打开一个窗口,导出数据库.
代码如下:
# mysqldump -uroot -proot --all-databases > db01_20111005.sql
释放锁
代码如下:
mysql> UNLOCK TABLES;?
2. 将导出的sql文件导入到其他几台数据库服务器上.首先通过scp复制过去:
代码如下:
# scp db01_20111005.sql root@192.168.85.167:/root/?
在其他几台服务其上导入改SQL文件:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# mysql -uroot -proot < db01_20111005.sql?
3. 启动从数据库SLAVE过程.
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO master_host='192.168.85.167',master_port=3306,master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=106;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.07 sec)MYSQL进修
mysql> start slave;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MYSQL进修
mysql> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
?????????????? Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
????????????????? Master_Host: 192.168.85.180
????????????????? Master_User: replication
????????????????? Master_Port: 3306
??????????????? Connect_Retry: 60
????????????? Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
????????? Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
?????????????? Relay_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
??????????????? Relay_Log_Pos: 251
??????? Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
???????????? Slave_IO_Running: Yes
??????????? Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
????????????? Replicate_Do_DB:
????????? Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
?????????? Replicate_Do_Table:
?????? Replicate_Ignore_Table:
????? Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
? Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
?????????????????? Last_Errno: 0
?????????????????? Last_Error:
???????????????? Skip_Counter: 0
????????? Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
????????????? Relay_Log_Space: 400
????????????? Until_Condition: None
?????????????? Until_Log_File:
??????????????? Until_Log_Pos: 0
?????????? Master_SSL_Allowed: No
?????????? Master_SSL_CA_File:
?????????? Master_SSL_CA_Path:
????????????? Master_SSL_Cert:
??????????? Master_SSL_Cipher:
?????????????? Master_SSL_Key:
??????? Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
??????????????? Last_IO_Errno: 0
??????????????? Last_IO_Error:
?????????????? Last_SQL_Errno: 0
?????????????? Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MYSQL进修
4. 将db02作为master,db01作为slave,反复1-3.MYSQL学习
四、安装MMMMYSQL进修
在管理服务器和数据库服务器上分别要运行mysql-mmm monitor和agent法式.下面分别安装:
?1. 安装监控法式
在管理服务器(192.168.84.174)上,执行下面命令:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# yum -y install mysql-mmm-monitor*?
与monitor依赖的所有文件也会随之安装,但是有一个例外perl-Time-HiRes,所以还必要执行下面的命令:
代码如下:
# yum -y install perl-Time-HiRes*
2. 安装代理程序MYSQL学习
在数据库服务器上执行下面的敕令:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# yum -y install mysql-mmm-agent*?
五、设置装备摆设MMMMYSQL学习
1. 编纂mmm_common.confMYSQL学习
完成安装后,所有的配置文件都放到了/etc/mysql-mmm/下面.管理服务器和数据库服务器上都要包括一个共同的文件mmm_common.conf,内容如下:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
active_master_role????? writer
<host default>
??? cluster_interface?????? eth0MYSQL进修
??? pid_path??????????????? /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid
??? bin_path??????????????? /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/MYSQL进修
??? replication_user??????? replication
??? replication_password??? replicationMYSQL进修
??? agent_user????????????? mmm_agent
??? agent_password????????? agent
</host>MYSQL进修
<host db1>
??? ip????? 192.168.85.167
??? mode??? master
??? peer??? db2
</host>MYSQL进修
<host db2>
??? ip????? 192.168.85.169
??? mode??? master
??? peer??? db1
</host>MYSQL进修
<host db3>
??? ip????? 192.168.85.171
??? mode??? slave
</host>MYSQL进修
<host db4>
??? ip????? 192.168.85.168
??? mode??? slave
</host>MYSQL进修
<role writer>
??? hosts?? db1,db2
??? ips???? 192.168.85.200
??? mode??? exclusive
</role>MYSQL进修
<role reader>
??? hosts?? db2,db3,db4
??? ips???? 192.168.85.201,192.168.85.202,192.168.85.203
??? mode??? balanced
</role>
MYSQL进修
可以在db1上编纂该文件后,通过scp命令分别复制到monitor、db2、db3和db4上.MYSQL学习
2. 编辑mmm_agent.conf.在数据库服务器上,还有一个mmm_agent.conf必要修改,其内容是:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
include mmm_common.conf
# The 'this' variable refers to this server.? Proper operation requires
# that 'this' server (db1 by default),as well as all other servers,have the
# proper IP addresses set in mmm_common.conf.
this db1
MYSQL进修
最后一行的db1,在不同的数据库服务器上要分别改为db2、db3和db4,不然代理就会无法启动.MYSQL学习
3. 编纂mmm_mon.confg.在管理服务器上,修改mmm_mon.conf文件,修改后内容为:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
include mmm_common.conf
<monitor>
??? ip????????????????? 192.168.84.174
??? pid_path??????????? /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.pid
??? bin_path??????????? /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm
??? status_path???????? /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status
??? ping_ips??????????? 192.168.85.167,192.168.85.169,192.168.85.171,192.168.85.168
??? auto_set_online???? 60MYSQL进修
??? # The kill_host_bin does not exist by default,though the monitor will
??? # throw a warning about it missing.? See the section 5.10 "Kill Host
??? # Functionality" in the PDF documentation.
??? #
??? # kill_host_bin???? /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/monitor/kill_host
??? #
</monitor>MYSQL进修
<host default>
??? monitor_user??????? mmm_monitor
??? monitor_password??? monitor
</host>MYSQL进修
debug 0
MYSQL进修
六、启动MMMMYSQL进修
1. 在数据库服务器上启动代理法式
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# cd /etc/init.d/
# chkconfig mysql-mmm-agent on
# service mysql-mmm-agent start
2. 在管理服务器上启动监控法式
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# cd /etc/init.d/
# chkconfig mysql-mmm-monitor on
# service mysql-mmm-monitor start
启动后,稍等几秒,可以通过mmm_control法式查看状态:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# mmm_control show
? db1(192.168.85.167) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.85.200)
? db2(192.168.85.169) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.85.202)
? db3(192.168.85.171) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.85.203)
? db4(192.168.85.168) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.85.201)
七、遇到两个问题MYSQL进修
1. 监控法式服务器无法启动MYSQL学习
在管理服务器上,一切都完成后,通过mmm_control查看状态,得到下面的错误信息:ERROR: Can't connect to monitor daemon! 通过编辑/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf文件将debug 0改为debug 1,打开监控程序的debug状态.重新启动监控程序(service mysql-mmm-monitor restart),就会看到详细的错误信息,找不到Perl Time HiRes库.执行yum -y install perl-Time-HiRes*就可以办理.MYSQL学习
2. 防火墙问题导致Warning: agent on host db1 is not reachable.
控制台法式正确启动后,再次执行mmm_control show,却看到下面的输出:MYSQL学习
代码如下:
# Warning: agent on host db1 is not reachable
# Warning: agent on host db2 is not reachable
# Warning: agent on host db3 is not reachable
# Warning: agent on host db4 is not reachable
? db1(192.168.85.167) master/ONLINE. Roles:
? db2(192.168.85.169) master/ONLINE. Roles:
? db3(192.168.85.171) slave/ONLINE. Roles:
? db4(192.168.85.168) slave/ONLINE. Roles:
再次打开debug,发现了下面的差错信息:
MYSQL学习
代码如下:
2011/10/07 13:38:45 DEBUG Sending command 'GET_AGENT_STATUS()' to db4 (192.168.85.167:9989)
2011/10/07 13:38:45 ERROR The status of the agent on host 'db4' could not be determined (answer was: 0).
通过telnet 192.168.85.167 9989下面检查网络连接,得到了No route to host的差错信息.登录db1,通过setup程序里的Firewall configuration关闭Firewall(这不是一个好主意).同样,关闭db2、db3和db4上的防火墙,再次重启监控程序,一切回到正常状态!MYSQL学习
参考文章:MYSQL进修
MySQL MMM 官方安装文档 http://mysql-mmm.org/mmm2:guide
MMM Manual http://mysql-mmm.org/mysql-mmm.htmlMYSQL进修
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