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MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置)

发布时间:2020-12-12 02:32:15 所属栏目:MySql教程 来源:网络整理
导读:《MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置)》要点: 本文介绍了MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置),希望对您有用。如果有疑问,可以联系我们。 规划 MYSQL教程 master 192.168.56.2 MYSQL教程 slave ?192.168.56.5 MYSQL教程 1、在主库上,

《MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置)》要点:
本文介绍了MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置),希望对您有用。如果有疑问,可以联系我们。

规划MYSQL教程

master 192.168.56.2MYSQL教程

slave ?192.168.56.5MYSQL教程

1、在主库上,设置一个复制使用的账户rep1,并授予REPLICATION SLAVE权限.MYSQL教程

mysql>?grant?replication?slave?on?*.*?to?'rep1'@'192.168.56.2'?identified?by?'123456';
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.01?sec)

2、修改主数据库服务器的配置文件my.cnf,开启BINLOG,并设置server-id的值.这两个参数的修改需要重新启动数据库服务才可以生效.MYSQL教程

?vi /etc/my.cnfMYSQL教程

?[mysqld]MYSQL教程

?log-bin=/home/mysql/log/mysql-bin.logMYSQL教程

?server-id=1MYSQL教程

[root@rhel6?~]#?service?mysql?restart
Shutting?down?MySQL..??????????????????????????????????????[??OK??]
Starting?MySQL.????????????????????????????????????????????[??OK??]

3、在主库上,设置读锁定有效,这个操作是为了确保没有数据库操作,以便获得一个一致性的快照.MYSQL教程

mysql>?flush?tables?with?read?lock;
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.02?sec)

4、得到主库上当前的二进制日志名和偏移量值.这个操作的目的是为了从数据库启动以后,从这个点开始进行数据的恢复.MYSQL教程

mysql>?show?master?status;
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
|?File????????????|?Position?|?Binlog_Do_DB?|?Binlog_Ignore_DB?|?Executed_Gtid_Set?|
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
|?mysqlbin.000021?|??????120?|??????????????|??????????????????|???????????????????|
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1?row?in?set?(0.03?sec)

5、现在主数据库服务器已经停止了更新操作,需要生成主数据库的备份,备份的方式有很多种,可以直接在操作系统下复制全部的数据文件到从数据库服务器上,也可以通过mysqldump导出数据或者使用ibbackup工具进行数据库的备份.如果主数据库的服务可以停止,那么直接复制数据文件应该是最快的生成快照的方法:MYSQL教程

[root@rhel6?lib]#?tar?-zcvf?mysql.tar.gz?mysql
mysql/
tar:?mysql/mysql.sock:?socket?ignored
mysql/mysqlbin.000019
mysql/test1/
mysql/test1/db.opt
mysql/test1/pack.MYD
mysql/test1/myisam2.frm
mysql/test1/emp.ibd
mysql/test1/mer_myisam.MRG
mysql/test1/emp.frm
mysql/test1/pri_t.TRG
....
传到从数据库
[root@rhel6?lib]#?scp?mysql.tar.gz?root@192.168.56.5:/root
root@192.168.56.5's?password:?
mysql.tar.gz????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?1402KB???1.4MB/s???00:00

6、主数据库备份完毕后可恢复写操作,剩下的只需要在从库上执行MYSQL教程

mysql>?unlock?tables;
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.02?sec)

7、将主数据库的一致性备份恢复到从数据库上.如果是使用.tar.gz打包的文件包,只需要解开到相应的目录即可.MYSQL教程

tar?-zxvf?mysql.tar.gz

8、修改从数据库的配置文件my.cnf,增加server-id参数.注意server-id的值必须是唯一的,不能和主数据库的配置相同,如果有多个从数据库服务器,每个从数据库服务器必须有自己唯一的server-id值.MYSQL教程

?vi my.cnfMYSQL教程

?[mysqld]MYSQL教程

?server-id=2MYSQL教程

9、在从库上,使用--skip-slave-start选项启动数据库,这样不会立即启动从数据库服务上的复制进程,方便我们对从数据库的服务进行进一步的配置(可选)MYSQL教程

?mysqld_safe --skip-slave-start &MYSQL教程

?或者修改my.cnf,添加skip-slave-start参数,service mysql startMYSQL教程

10、对从数据库服务器做相应设置,指定复制使用的用户,主数据库服务器的IP、端口以及开始执行复制的日志文件和位置等MYSQL教程

mysql>?change?master?to?
????->??master_host='192.168.56.2',????->??master_user='rep1',????->??master_port=3306,????->??master_password='123456',????->??master_log_file='mysqlbin.000021',????->??master_log_pos=120;
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected,?2?warnings?(0.08?sec)

11、在从库上,启动slave线程MYSQL教程

mysql>?start?slave;
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.17?sec)

12、从库上查看进程MYSQL教程

mysql>?show?processlist?G;
***************************?1.?row?***************************
?????Id:?1
???User:?root
???Host:?localhost
?????db:?zx
Command:?Query
???Time:?0
??State:?init
???Info:?show?processlist
***************************?2.?row?***************************
?????Id:?4
???User:?system?user
???Host:?
?????db:?NULL
Command:?Connect
???Time:?1484
??State:?Waiting?for?master?to?send?event
???Info:?NULL
***************************?3.?row?***************************
?????Id:?5
???User:?system?user
???Host:?
?????db:?NULL
Command:?Connect
???Time:?739
??State:?Slave?has?read?all?relay?log;?waiting?for?the?slave?I/O?thread?to?update?it
???Info:?NULL
3?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec)
mysql>?show?slave?status?G
***************************?1.?row?***************************
???????????????Slave_IO_State:?Waiting?for?master?to?send?event
??????????????????Master_Host:?192.168.56.2
??????????????????Master_User:?rep1
??????????????????Master_Port:?3306
????????????????Connect_Retry:?60
??????????????Master_Log_File:?mysqlbin.000021
??????????Read_Master_Log_Pos:?652
???????????????Relay_Log_File:?rhel6-relay-bin.000002
????????????????Relay_Log_Pos:?814
????????Relay_Master_Log_File:?mysqlbin.000021
?????????????Slave_IO_Running:?Yes
????????????Slave_SQL_Running:?Yes
??????????????Replicate_Do_DB:?
??????????Replicate_Ignore_DB:?
???????????Replicate_Do_Table:?
???????Replicate_Ignore_Table:?
??????Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:?
??Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:?
???????????????????Last_Errno:?0
???????????????????Last_Error:?
?????????????????Skip_Counter:?0
??????????Exec_Master_Log_Pos:?652
??????????????Relay_Log_Space:?987
??????????????Until_Condition:?None
???????????????Until_Log_File:?
????????????????Until_Log_Pos:?0
???????????Master_SSL_Allowed:?No
???????????Master_SSL_CA_File:?
???????????Master_SSL_CA_Path:?
??????????????Master_SSL_Cert:?
????????????Master_SSL_Cipher:?
???????????????Master_SSL_Key:?
????????Seconds_Behind_Master:?0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert:?No
????????????????Last_IO_Errno:?0
????????????????Last_IO_Error:?
???????????????Last_SQL_Errno:?0
???????????????Last_SQL_Error:?
??Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:?
?????????????Master_Server_Id:?1
??????????????????Master_UUID:?3743271b-aa6d-11e6-aa2e-080027e5f5dd
?????????????Master_Info_File:?/mysqldata/master.info
????????????????????SQL_Delay:?0
??????????SQL_Remaining_Delay:?NULL
??????Slave_SQL_Running_State:?Slave?has?read?all?relay?log;?waiting?for?the?slave?I/O?thread?to?update?it
???????????Master_Retry_Count:?86400
??????????????????Master_Bind:?
??????Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:?
?????Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:?
???????????????Master_SSL_Crl:?
???????????Master_SSL_Crlpath:?
???????????Retrieved_Gtid_Set:?
????????????Executed_Gtid_Set:?
????????????????Auto_Position:?0
1?row?in?set?(0.00?sec)

Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running全部为YES才算搭建成功.如果出错查看报错原因.我搭建时遇到的两个错误:MYSQL教程

(1)Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work.MYSQL教程

原因:搭建时把主库整个目录复制过来的,主库和从库的UUID一致了,修改从库的UUID即可.MYSQL教程

方法:修改$datadir/auto.cnf,按照16进制格式随便改一下,重启mysql即可.MYSQL教程

(2)Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file'MYSQL教程

原因:配置change master to时把master_log_file配置错误MYSQL教程

方法:change master to master_log_file='mysqlbin.000021';start slave;即可.
MYSQL教程

13、测试复制的正确性MYSQL教程

主库
mysql>?create?database?zx;
Query?OK,?1?row?affected?(0.05?sec)
mysql>?use?zx;
Database?changed
mysql>?create?table?t(id?int);
Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.09?sec)
mysql>?insert?into?t?values(1),(2),(3);
Query?OK,?3?rows?affected?(0.01?sec)
Records:?3??Duplicates:?0??Warnings:?0
从库
mysql>?show?databases;
+--------------------+
|?Database???????????|
+--------------------+
|?information_schema?|
|?data???????????????|
|?mysql??????????????|
|?performance_schema?|
|?test???????????????|
|?test1??????????????|
|?zx?????????????????|
+--------------------+
7?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec)
mysql>?use?zx
Reading?table?information?for?completion?of?table?and?column?names
You?can?turn?off?this?feature?to?get?a?quicker?startup?with?-A
Database?changed
mysql>?select?*?from?t;
+------+
|?id???|
+------+
|????1?|
|????2?|
|????3?|
+------+
3?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec)

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