MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置)
《MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置)》要点: 规划MYSQL教程 master 192.168.56.2MYSQL教程 slave ?192.168.56.5MYSQL教程 1、在主库上,设置一个复制使用的账户rep1,并授予REPLICATION SLAVE权限.MYSQL教程 mysql>?grant?replication?slave?on?*.*?to?'rep1'@'192.168.56.2'?identified?by?'123456'; Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.01?sec) 2、修改主数据库服务器的配置文件my.cnf,开启BINLOG,并设置server-id的值.这两个参数的修改需要重新启动数据库服务才可以生效.MYSQL教程 ?vi /etc/my.cnfMYSQL教程 ?[mysqld]MYSQL教程 ?log-bin=/home/mysql/log/mysql-bin.logMYSQL教程 ?server-id=1MYSQL教程 [root@rhel6?~]#?service?mysql?restart Shutting?down?MySQL..??????????????????????????????????????[??OK??] Starting?MySQL.????????????????????????????????????????????[??OK??] 3、在主库上,设置读锁定有效,这个操作是为了确保没有数据库操作,以便获得一个一致性的快照.MYSQL教程 mysql>?flush?tables?with?read?lock; Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.02?sec) 4、得到主库上当前的二进制日志名和偏移量值.这个操作的目的是为了从数据库启动以后,从这个点开始进行数据的恢复.MYSQL教程 mysql>?show?master?status; +-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ |?File????????????|?Position?|?Binlog_Do_DB?|?Binlog_Ignore_DB?|?Executed_Gtid_Set?| +-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ |?mysqlbin.000021?|??????120?|??????????????|??????????????????|???????????????????| +-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1?row?in?set?(0.03?sec) 5、现在主数据库服务器已经停止了更新操作,需要生成主数据库的备份,备份的方式有很多种,可以直接在操作系统下复制全部的数据文件到从数据库服务器上,也可以通过mysqldump导出数据或者使用ibbackup工具进行数据库的备份.如果主数据库的服务可以停止,那么直接复制数据文件应该是最快的生成快照的方法:MYSQL教程 [root@rhel6?lib]#?tar?-zcvf?mysql.tar.gz?mysql mysql/ tar:?mysql/mysql.sock:?socket?ignored mysql/mysqlbin.000019 mysql/test1/ mysql/test1/db.opt mysql/test1/pack.MYD mysql/test1/myisam2.frm mysql/test1/emp.ibd mysql/test1/mer_myisam.MRG mysql/test1/emp.frm mysql/test1/pri_t.TRG .... 传到从数据库 [root@rhel6?lib]#?scp?mysql.tar.gz?root@192.168.56.5:/root root@192.168.56.5's?password:? mysql.tar.gz????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?1402KB???1.4MB/s???00:00 6、主数据库备份完毕后可恢复写操作,剩下的只需要在从库上执行MYSQL教程 mysql>?unlock?tables; Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.02?sec) 7、将主数据库的一致性备份恢复到从数据库上.如果是使用.tar.gz打包的文件包,只需要解开到相应的目录即可.MYSQL教程 tar?-zxvf?mysql.tar.gz 8、修改从数据库的配置文件my.cnf,增加server-id参数.注意server-id的值必须是唯一的,不能和主数据库的配置相同,如果有多个从数据库服务器,每个从数据库服务器必须有自己唯一的server-id值.MYSQL教程 ?vi my.cnfMYSQL教程 ?[mysqld]MYSQL教程 ?server-id=2MYSQL教程 9、在从库上,使用--skip-slave-start选项启动数据库,这样不会立即启动从数据库服务上的复制进程,方便我们对从数据库的服务进行进一步的配置(可选)MYSQL教程 ?mysqld_safe --skip-slave-start &MYSQL教程 ?或者修改my.cnf,添加skip-slave-start参数,service mysql startMYSQL教程 10、对从数据库服务器做相应设置,指定复制使用的用户,主数据库服务器的IP、端口以及开始执行复制的日志文件和位置等MYSQL教程 mysql>?change?master?to? ????->??master_host='192.168.56.2',????->??master_user='rep1',????->??master_port=3306,????->??master_password='123456',????->??master_log_file='mysqlbin.000021',????->??master_log_pos=120; Query?OK,?0?rows?affected,?2?warnings?(0.08?sec) 11、在从库上,启动slave线程MYSQL教程 mysql>?start?slave; Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.17?sec) 12、从库上查看进程MYSQL教程 mysql>?show?processlist?G; ***************************?1.?row?*************************** ?????Id:?1 ???User:?root ???Host:?localhost ?????db:?zx Command:?Query ???Time:?0 ??State:?init ???Info:?show?processlist ***************************?2.?row?*************************** ?????Id:?4 ???User:?system?user ???Host:? ?????db:?NULL Command:?Connect ???Time:?1484 ??State:?Waiting?for?master?to?send?event ???Info:?NULL ***************************?3.?row?*************************** ?????Id:?5 ???User:?system?user ???Host:? ?????db:?NULL Command:?Connect ???Time:?739 ??State:?Slave?has?read?all?relay?log;?waiting?for?the?slave?I/O?thread?to?update?it ???Info:?NULL 3?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec) mysql>?show?slave?status?G ***************************?1.?row?*************************** ???????????????Slave_IO_State:?Waiting?for?master?to?send?event ??????????????????Master_Host:?192.168.56.2 ??????????????????Master_User:?rep1 ??????????????????Master_Port:?3306 ????????????????Connect_Retry:?60 ??????????????Master_Log_File:?mysqlbin.000021 ??????????Read_Master_Log_Pos:?652 ???????????????Relay_Log_File:?rhel6-relay-bin.000002 ????????????????Relay_Log_Pos:?814 ????????Relay_Master_Log_File:?mysqlbin.000021 ?????????????Slave_IO_Running:?Yes ????????????Slave_SQL_Running:?Yes ??????????????Replicate_Do_DB:? ??????????Replicate_Ignore_DB:? ???????????Replicate_Do_Table:? ???????Replicate_Ignore_Table:? ??????Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:? ??Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:? ???????????????????Last_Errno:?0 ???????????????????Last_Error:? ?????????????????Skip_Counter:?0 ??????????Exec_Master_Log_Pos:?652 ??????????????Relay_Log_Space:?987 ??????????????Until_Condition:?None ???????????????Until_Log_File:? ????????????????Until_Log_Pos:?0 ???????????Master_SSL_Allowed:?No ???????????Master_SSL_CA_File:? ???????????Master_SSL_CA_Path:? ??????????????Master_SSL_Cert:? ????????????Master_SSL_Cipher:? ???????????????Master_SSL_Key:? ????????Seconds_Behind_Master:?0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert:?No ????????????????Last_IO_Errno:?0 ????????????????Last_IO_Error:? ???????????????Last_SQL_Errno:?0 ???????????????Last_SQL_Error:? ??Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:? ?????????????Master_Server_Id:?1 ??????????????????Master_UUID:?3743271b-aa6d-11e6-aa2e-080027e5f5dd ?????????????Master_Info_File:?/mysqldata/master.info ????????????????????SQL_Delay:?0 ??????????SQL_Remaining_Delay:?NULL ??????Slave_SQL_Running_State:?Slave?has?read?all?relay?log;?waiting?for?the?slave?I/O?thread?to?update?it ???????????Master_Retry_Count:?86400 ??????????????????Master_Bind:? ??????Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:? ?????Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:? ???????????????Master_SSL_Crl:? ???????????Master_SSL_Crlpath:? ???????????Retrieved_Gtid_Set:? ????????????Executed_Gtid_Set:? ????????????????Auto_Position:?0 1?row?in?set?(0.00?sec) Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running全部为YES才算搭建成功.如果出错查看报错原因.我搭建时遇到的两个错误:MYSQL教程 (1)Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work.MYSQL教程 原因:搭建时把主库整个目录复制过来的,主库和从库的UUID一致了,修改从库的UUID即可.MYSQL教程 方法:修改$datadir/auto.cnf,按照16进制格式随便改一下,重启mysql即可.MYSQL教程 (2)Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file'MYSQL教程 原因:配置change master to时把master_log_file配置错误MYSQL教程 方法:change master to master_log_file='mysqlbin.000021';start slave;即可. 13、测试复制的正确性MYSQL教程 主库 mysql>?create?database?zx; Query?OK,?1?row?affected?(0.05?sec) mysql>?use?zx; Database?changed mysql>?create?table?t(id?int); Query?OK,?0?rows?affected?(0.09?sec) mysql>?insert?into?t?values(1),(2),(3); Query?OK,?3?rows?affected?(0.01?sec) Records:?3??Duplicates:?0??Warnings:?0 从库 mysql>?show?databases; +--------------------+ |?Database???????????| +--------------------+ |?information_schema?| |?data???????????????| |?mysql??????????????| |?performance_schema?| |?test???????????????| |?test1??????????????| |?zx?????????????????| +--------------------+ 7?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec) mysql>?use?zx Reading?table?information?for?completion?of?table?and?column?names You?can?turn?off?this?feature?to?get?a?quicker?startup?with?-A Database?changed mysql>?select?*?from?t; +------+ |?id???| +------+ |????1?| |????2?| |????3?| +------+ 3?rows?in?set?(0.00?sec) 欢迎参与《MYSQL教程MySQL5.6主从复制(mysql数据同步配置)》讨论,分享您的想法,编程之家PHP学院为您提供专业教程。 (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |