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ASP.NET 2.0 中的站点导航提供程序向应用程序中的页公开导航信息，使您可以独立于页的实际物理布局定义站点的结构。默认站点导航提供程序基于XML，但通过为站点地图编写自定义提供程序，也可以从任意后端公开此信息。
关键
1、创建.sitemap文件，其实就是一个xml文件，包括有着层次结构的<siteMapNode>元素
2、<siteMapNode>元素的属性：
??Url - 链接地址
??Title - 显示的标题
??Description - 描述（ToolTip）
? resourceKey - 本地化用的（要在<siteMap>节点加上这个属性enableLocalization=true）???
? securityTrimmingEnabled - 是否让sitemap支持安全特性
? roles - 哪些角色可以访问当前节点，多角色用逗号隔开（需要将securityTrimmingEnabled设置为true）
? siteMapFile - 引用另一个sitemap文件
? 注：应用权限的时候，Web.config中的SiteMap节点的Provider也要有相对应的配置（securityTrimmingEnabled="true"）
3、可以通过SiteMap和SiteMapNode类访问站点地图数据
4、自定义站点地图提供程序应该写一个继承自StaticSiteMapProvider的类
5、XmlSiteMapProvider要求站点地图节点具有唯一的URL
示例
SiteMap/Web.sitemap（包括一个有siteMapFile属性的节点）
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="utf-8"??>
<siteMap?xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AspNet/SiteMap-File-1.0"?>
??
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#1"?title="首页"??description="首页描述">
????
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#2"?title="频道1"??description="频道1描述"?/>
????
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#3"?title="频道2"?description="频道2描述"?/>
????
<siteMapNode?siteMapFile="WebChild.sitemap">
????
</siteMapNode>
????
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#4"?title="频道4"?description="频道4描述"?/>
??
</siteMapNode>
</siteMap>
SiteMap/WebChild.sitemap（上面.sitemap文件某个节点的siteMapFile属性所指定的文件）
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="utf-8"??>
<siteMap?xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AspNet/SiteMap-File-1.0"?>
??
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#5"?title="频道3"??description="频道3">
????
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#6"?title="栏目1"??description="栏目1描述"?/>
????
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#7"?title="栏目2"??description="栏目2描述"?/>
????
<siteMapNode?url="~/SiteMap/Test.aspx#8"?title="栏目3"??description="栏目3描述"?/>
??
</siteMapNode>
</siteMap>
站点地图测试
SiteMap/Test.aspx
<%
@?Page?Language="C#"?MasterPageFile="~/Site.master"?AutoEventWireup="true"?CodeFile="Test.aspx.cs"
????Inherits="SiteMap_Test"?Title="站点地图测试"?
%>
<asp:Content?ID="Content1"?ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1"?runat="Server">
????
<p>
????????
<asp:TreeView?ID="TreeView1"?runat="server"?DataSourceID="SiteMapDataSource1">
????????
</asp:TreeView>
????????
<asp:Menu?ID="Menu1"?runat="server"?DataSourceID="SiteMapDataSource2"?Orientation="Horizontal">
????????
</asp:Menu>
????????
<%
--显示根节点的数据源--%>
????????
<asp:SiteMapDataSource?ID="SiteMapDataSource1"?runat="server"?SiteMapProvider="XmlSiteMapProviderTest"?/>
????????
<%
--不显示根节点的数据源--%>
????????
<asp:SiteMapDataSource?ID="SiteMapDataSource2"?runat="server"?SiteMapProvider="XmlSiteMapProviderTest"
????????????ShowStartingNode
="false"?/>
????
</p>
????
<p>
????????编码方式访问节点信息如下
<br?/>
????????
<asp:Label?ID="lbl"?runat="server"?BackColor="#DDDDDD"?/>
????
</p>
</asp:Content>
SiteMap/Test.aspx.cs
using
?System;
using
?System.Data;
using
?System.Configuration;
using
?System.Collections;
using
?System.Web;
using
?System.Web.Security;
using
?System.Web.UI;
using
?System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using
?System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using
?System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public?partial?class
?SiteMap_Test?:?System.Web.UI.Page
{
????protected?void?Page_Load(object?sender,?EventArgs?e)
????
{
????????//?获取当前节点的Title
????????lbl.Text?=?"当前节点标题："?+?SiteMap.CurrentNode.Title?+?"<br?/>";
????????//?取得url为“~/Default.aspx”的SiteMapNode
????????SiteMapNode?smn?=?SiteMap.Provider.FindSiteMapNode("~/Default.aspx");
????????lbl.Text?+=?"Default.aspx节点的Url："?+?smn.Url;
????}
}
站点地图测试（从数据库读数据）
SiteMap/FromDatabase.aspx
<%
@?Page?Language="C#"?MasterPageFile="~/Site.master"?AutoEventWireup="true"?CodeFile="FromDatabase.aspx.cs"
????Inherits="SiteMap_FromDatabase"?Title="站点地图测试（从数据库读数据）"?
%>
<asp:Content?ID="Content1"?ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1"?runat="Server">
????
<asp:TreeView?ID="TreeView1"?runat="server"?DataSourceID="SiteMapDataSource1">
????
</asp:TreeView>
????
<asp:SiteMapDataSource?ID="SiteMapDataSource1"?runat="server"?SiteMapProvider="SqlSiteMapProvider"?/>
</asp:Content>
自定义站点地图提供程序（SqlServer方式）
SqlSiteMapProvider.cs（“sp_GetSiteMap”为读取站点地图数据的存储过程，详见源码）
using
?System;
using
?System.Web;
using
?System.Data.SqlClient;
using
?System.Collections.Specialized;
using
?System.Configuration;
using
?System.Web.Configuration;
using
?System.Collections.Generic;
using
?System.Configuration.Provider;
using
?System.Security.Permissions;
using
?System.Data.Common;
using
?System.Data;
/**/
///?<summary>
///?SqlSiteMapProvider
///?</summary>
public?class
?SqlSiteMapProvider?:?StaticSiteMapProvider
{
????private?string?_strCon;
????private?int?_indexID,?_indexTitle,?_indexUrl,?_indexDesc,?_indexParent;
????//?节点
????private?SiteMapNode?_node;
????
????//?节点字典表
????private?Dictionary<int,?SiteMapNode>?_nodes?=?new?Dictionary<int,?SiteMapNode>();
???
????//?for?线程安全
????private?readonly?object?_lock?=?new?object();
????/**////?<summary>
????///?初始化
????///?</summary>
????///?<param?name="name">name</param>
????///?<param?name="config">config</param>
????public?override?void?Initialize(string?name,?NameValueCollection?config)
????
{
????????//?验证是否有config
????????if?(config?==?null)
????????????throw?new?ArgumentNullException("config不能是null");
????????//?没有provider则设置为默认的
????????if?(String.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
????????????name?=?"SqlSiteMapProvider";
????????//?没有描述就增加一个描述
????????if?(string.IsNullOrEmpty(config["description"]))
????????
{
????????????config.Remove("description");
????????????config.Add("description",?"SqlSiteMapProvider");
????????}
????????//?调用基类的初始化方法
????????base.Initialize(name,?config);
????????//?初始化连接字符串
????????string?conStringName?=?config["connectionStringName"];
????????if?(String.IsNullOrEmpty(conStringName))
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("没找到connectionStringName");
????????config.Remove("connectionStringName");
????????if?(WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[conStringName]?==?null)
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("根据connectionStringName没找到连接字符串");
????????//?获得连接字符串
????????_strCon?=?WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[conStringName].ConnectionString;
????????if?(String.IsNullOrEmpty(_strCon))
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("连接字符串是空的");
????}
????/**////?<summary>
????///?从持久性存储区加载站点地图信息，并在内存中构建它
????///?</summary>
????///?<returns></returns>
????public?override?SiteMapNode?BuildSiteMap()
????
{
????????lock?(_lock)
????????
{
????????????//?线程安全的实现
????????????if?(_node?!=?null)
????????????????return?_node;
????????????SqlConnection?connection?=?new?SqlConnection(_strCon);
????????????try
????????????
{
????????????????SqlCommand?command?=?new?SqlCommand("sp_GetSiteMap",?connection);
????????????????command.CommandType?=?CommandType.StoredProcedure;
????????????????connection.Open();
????????????????SqlDataReader?reader?=?command.ExecuteReader();
????????????????//?获得各个字段的索引
????????????????_indexID?=?reader.GetOrdinal("ID");
????????????????_indexUrl?=?reader.GetOrdinal("Url");
????????????????_indexTitle?=?reader.GetOrdinal("Title");
????????????????_indexDesc?=?reader.GetOrdinal("Description");
????????????????_indexParent?=?reader.GetOrdinal("Parent");
????????????????if?(reader.Read())
????????????????
{
????????????????????//?把第一条记录作为根节点添加
????????????????????_node?=?CreateSiteMapNodeFromDataReader(reader);
????????????????????AddNode(_node,?null);
????????????????????//?构造节点树
????????????????????while?(reader.Read())
????????????????????
{
????????????????????????//?在站点地图中增加一个节点
????????????????????????SiteMapNode?node?=?CreateSiteMapNodeFromDataReader(reader);
????????????????????????AddNode(node,?GetParentNodeFromDataReader(reader));
????????????????????}
????????????????}
????????????????reader.Close();
????????????}
????????????catch?(Exception?ex)
????????????
{
????????????????throw?new?Exception(ex.ToString());
????????????}
????????????finally
????????????
{
????????????????connection.Close();
????????????}
????????????//?返回SiteMapNode
????????????return?_node;
????????}
????}
????/**////?<summary>
????///?将检索目前由当前提供程序管理的所有节点的根节点
????///?</summary>
????///?<returns></returns>
????protected?override?SiteMapNode?GetRootNodeCore()
????
{
????????lock?(_lock)
????????
{
????????????return?BuildSiteMap();
????????}
????}
????/**////?<summary>
????///?根据DataReader读出来的数据返回SiteMapNode
????///?</summary>
????///?<param?name="reader">DbDataReader</param>
????///?<returns></returns>
????private?SiteMapNode?CreateSiteMapNodeFromDataReader(DbDataReader?reader)
????
{
????????if?(reader.IsDBNull(_indexID))
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("没找到ID");
????????int?id?=?reader.GetInt32(_indexID);
????????if?(_nodes.ContainsKey(id))
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("不能有重复ID");
????????//?根据字段索引获得相应字段的值
????????string?title?=?reader.IsDBNull(_indexTitle)???null?:?reader.GetString(_indexTitle).Trim();
????????string?url?=?reader.IsDBNull(_indexUrl)???null?:?reader.GetString(_indexUrl).Trim();
????????string?description?=?reader.IsDBNull(_indexDesc)???null?:?reader.GetString(_indexDesc).Trim();
????????//?新建一个SiteMapNode
????????SiteMapNode?node?=?new?SiteMapNode(this,?id.ToString(),?url,?title,?description);
????????//?把这个SiteMapNode添加进节点字典表里
????????_nodes.Add(id,?node);
????????//?返回这个SiteMapNode
????????return?node;
????}
????/**////?<summary>
????///?得到父节点的SiteMapNode
????///?</summary>
????///?<param?name="reader"></param>
????///?<returns></returns>
????private?SiteMapNode?GetParentNodeFromDataReader(DbDataReader?reader)
????
{
????????if?(reader.IsDBNull(_indexParent))
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("父节点不能是空");
????????int?pid?=?reader.GetInt32(_indexParent);
????????if?(!_nodes.ContainsKey(pid))
????????????throw?new?ProviderException("有重复节点ID");
????????//?返回父节点的SiteMapNode
????????return?_nodes[pid];
????}
}
上面两个测试页面所需的web.config中的配置
<configuration>
??
<appSettings/>
??
<connectionStrings>
????
<add?name="SqlConnectionString"?connectionString="Data?Source=./SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|/Database.mdf;Integrated?Security=True;User?Instance=True"/>
??
</connectionStrings>
??
<system.web>
????
<siteMap?enabled="true"?defaultProvider="XmlSiteMapProvider">
??????
<providers>
????????
<add?name="XmlSiteMapProvider"?type="System.Web.XmlSiteMapProvider,?System.Web,?Version=2.0.3600.0,?Culture=neutral,?PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"?siteMapFile="~/Web.sitemap"/>
????????
<add?name="XmlSiteMapProviderTest"?type="System.Web.XmlSiteMapProvider,?PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"?siteMapFile="~/Sitemap/Web.sitemap"/>
????????
<add?name="SqlSiteMapProvider"?type="SqlSiteMapProvider"?connectionStringName="SqlConnectionString"?/>
??????
</providers>
????
</siteMap>
??
</system.web>
</configuration>
（编辑：李大同）
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