sqlserver存储过程学习(通俗易懂)

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-------------------------------存储过程Study------------------------------
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--删除表
drop table student
go

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--创建用户信息数据表
create table student
(
	id int identity(1,1),--递增1,stuNo varchar(50) primary key,--唯一键
	stuName varchar(50),stuAge datetime,stuSex varchar(5)		
)

--创建用户分数数据表
create table course
(
	id int identity(1,stuNo varchar(50),courseName varchar(50),courseScore decimal	
)

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--插入数据
--插入单条数据
insert into student(stuNo,stuName,stuAge,stuSex) values('01','王男','1996-08-27 09:00:00.000','男')

--多数量插入数据
--SQL Server2008特有的插入
insert into student values('02','杨幂','1995-4-20 6:0:0','女'),('03','程峰','1988-9-17 15:30:0','男')
						  
insert into course values('02','思想政治','85.5'),('02','数学','70'),'语文','80'),'物理','90'),'化学','65'),'英语','96')
						 
insert into course values('03','60'),'84'),'76'),'54')						 
						  

--使用UNION ALL来进行插入
insert into student 
select '04','wangan','1895-5-27 14:30:28','女'
union all 	
select '05','zhangnan','1990-1-20 19:0:0','女'
go

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--修改数据
update student set stuSex='男',stuAge='2016-5-9 8:0:0' where stuName='王男' 
go

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--删除数据
delete from student where stuNo=01
go

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--存储过程查询所有数据
--begin...end 类似编程语言中的{}
create proc stu1
as
begin
	select * from student;
end
go

exec stu1
go

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--存储过程根据条件用户名查询用户信息
create proc stu2
@sname varchar(50)   --声明全局变量
as
begin
	select * from student s where s.stuName=@sname;
end
go

exec stu2 '王男'
go

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--存储过程内部设定用户名查询用户信息
create proc stu3
@sname varchar(50)='王男'
as 
begin
	select * from student s where s.stuName=@sname; 
end
go

exec stu3 
go

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--存储过程根据用户名查询是否存在这个用户信息
create proc stu4
@sname varchar(50),@result varchar(8) output --输出参数
as
begin
	 if (select COUNT(1) from student s where s.stuName=@sname)>0
	 --if exists (select COUNT(1) from student s where s.stuName=@sname)
	 set 
		@result='存在!'
	 else
	 set 
		@result='不存在!'
end
go


declare @result varchar(8)
exec stu4 '王男1',@result output
print @result
go

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--存储过程内部设定局部变量用户名来查询用户信息
create proc stu5
as
declare @sname varchar(50)  --局部变量声明
set @sname='杨幂'
begin
	select * from student s where s.stuName=@sname
end
go

exec stu5
go

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--存储过程根据条件用户学号查询用户名
create proc stu6
@stuNo varchar(50)
as
declare @sname varchar(50)
set @sname=(select s.stuName from student s where s.stuNo=@stuNo)
select @sname
go

exec stu6 '01'
go

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--存储过程插入用户信息
create proc stu7
@stuNo varchar(50),@stuName varchar(50),@stuAge datetime,@stuSex varchar(5)
as 
begin
	insert into student 
		(stuNo,stuSex)
	values 
		(@stuNo,@stuName,@stuAge,@stuSex) 
end
go

exec stu7 '07','王莽','2000-9-9 9:9:9','女'
go

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--存储过程根据用户名来删除对应的用户信息
--@@rowcount返回操作条数
--return返回信息，终止下面的操作
create proc stu8
@stuName varchar(50)
as
begin
	delete from student where stuName=@stuName
	return @@rowcount
end
go

declare @result varchar(50)
exec @result=stu8 '王莽'
select @result as '删除条数'
--print @result
go

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--存储过程根据用户学号来查询他的平均分
create proc stu9
@stuNo varchar(50),@avg int output
as 
begin
	set @avg=(select AVG(courseScore) from course where stuNo=@stuNo)
	--等同
	--select @avg=AVG(courseScore) from course where stuNo=@stuNo
end
go

declare @avg int
exec stu9 '02',@avg output
print @avg
go

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--存储过程根据用户学号来联合查询用户信息和课程信息
create proc stu10
@stuNo varchar(50)
as
	select c.stuNo,s.stuName,s.stuAge,s.stuSex,c.courseName,c.courseScore from student s join course c on s.stuNo=c.stuNo where s.stuNo=@stuNo
go

exec stu10 '02'
go

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--存储过程判断学号是否存在，不存在，插入用户信息，返回消息；存在，返回信息
create proc stu11
@stuNo varchar(50),@stuSex varchar(5),@result varchar(50) output
as
	if exists (select * from student where stuNo=@stuNo)
		begin
			set @result='对不起，学号已存在!'
		end		
	else
		begin
			insert into student 
				(stuNo,stuSex)
			values 
				(@stuNo,@stuSex)
			set @result='恭喜你，用户信息插入成功!'	 
		end
go

declare @result varchar(50)
exec stu11 '06','王忠磊','1980-8-8 8:9:0','男',@result output
print @result

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--存储过程查询当前用户的平均成绩与总的平均成绩之间的关系
create proc stu12
@stuNo varchar(50)
as
declare @curAvg decimal(18,2)
declare @totalAvg decimal(18,2)
if exists(select * from course where stuNo=@stuNo)
	begin
		set @totalAvg=(select AVG(courseScore) from course)
		select @curAvg=AVG(courseScore) from course where stuNo=@stuNo
		print ('总的平均分:'+convert(varchar(18),@totalAvg))
		print ('该生的平均分:'+convert(varchar(18),@curAvg))
		if @curAvg>@totalAvg
			print '高于平均水平!'
		else 
			print '低于平均水平!'	
	end
else
	print '该生对应的分数信息不存在,请重新查询!'
go

exec stu12 '03'
go

（编辑：李大同）

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