设计电子商务数据库 – MySQL

1.
每个产品类别可以有单独的表.

Table: Categories
------------------
cat_ID
cat_name

Table: Sub_Categories
---------------------
sub_cat_ID
categories_cat_ID
sub_cat_name

Table: Books
-------------
book_ID
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
book_title
book_author
book_ISBN
book_price
etc

Table: Clothes
---------------
clothes_ID
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
clothes_name
clothes_color
clothes_size
clothes_description
clothes_price
etc

Table: Perfumes
----------------
perfumes_ID
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
perfume_name
perfume_size
perfume_weight
perfume_description
perfume_price
etc

2.
将所有产品组合在一个表中,并允许某些值为null

Table: Categories
------------------
cat_ID
cat_name

Table: Sub_Categories
---------------------
sub_cat_ID
categories_cat_ID
sub_cat_name

Table: Products
---------------
product_ID
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
title
description
price
author (can be null for everything except books)
size
weight (can be null for everything except perfumes)
ISBN (can be null for everything except books)
color (can be null for everything except clothes)
etc

3.
将类似的列字段组合在一个名为products的表中,并为特定数据提供单独的表.

Table: Categories
------------------
cat_ID
cat_name

Table: Sub_Categories
---------------------
sub_cat_ID
categories_cat_ID
sub_cat_name

Table: Products
----------------
product_ID
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
title
description
price

Table: Books
-------------
products_product_id
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
author
publisher
ISBN

Table: Perfumes
----------------
products_product_id
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
size
weight

Table: Clothes
--------------
products_product_id
sub_categories_sub_cat_ID
color
size (this can be a one to many relationship to cater to multiple sizes of one product?)

我非常感谢启蒙,谢谢

解决方法

在这种情况下,您将拥有三个表：categories,products和categories_products.前两个表格不言自明.第三个表存储两个外键之间的关系.表格如下所示：

CREATE TABLE `categories` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`parent_id` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,`name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`),KEY `parent_id` (`parent_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

CREATE TABLE `categories_products` (
  `category_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,`product_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,KEY `category_id` (`category_id`),KEY `product_id` (`product_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

CREATE TABLE `products` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

ALTER TABLE `categories_products`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `categories_products_ibfk_2`
    FOREIGN KEY (`product_id`) REFERENCES `products` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,ADD CONSTRAINT `categories_products_ibfk_1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`category_id`) REFERENCES `categories` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;

显然,这些是最简单的表格模式.您需要将其他列添加到类别和产品表中 – 我只包含与关系相关的列.

编辑：我还在类别表中添加了一个parent_id列用于嵌套类别.创建一个单独的sub_categories表通常是一个坏主意 – 如果你想让一个子类别成为顶级类别,会发生什么？或相反亦然？你因缺少一个更好的短语而受到骚扰.

（编辑：李大同）

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